Brain & CTE

Question 1

Heart VS Brain Debate

Answer 1

Ancient Egyptians thought the brain was irrelevant and that the heart was everything: The mind, soul, intelligence, personality etc

Alcmaeon (500 BCE) is regarded the first person to identify the brain as the source of mental processes.

Question 2

Mind-Body Problem

Answer 2

The question of whether the mind & body are separate entities or if they are the same thing.

The Dualism Theory says the mind & body are different, the mind is a spiritual entity and the body is a physical structure.

Question 3

Phrenology

Answer 3

Franz Gall (end of 18th century) believed the skull shape could tell what type of person someone is.

Question 4

Brain Ablation

Answer 4

Disabling, destroying or removing selected brain tissue followed by an assessment of changes in behavior.

Pierre Flourens conducted this experiment on animals in the 1820s, and he believed the brain worked as a whole

Question 5

Brain Lesions

Answer 5

Inducing and/or studying the effects of damage to an area of the brain.

(Can be surgically created or the result of illness / injury)

Question 6

Split Brain

Answer 6

Systematically cutting the corpus callosum thereby disconnecting the 1 hemisphere from the other (Cutting the brain in half)

Question 7

CT Scan - Structural

Answer 7

Computerized Tomography scan = 2D images

Question 8

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) - Structural

Answer 8

2d & 3D images taken in a chamber device containing a big magnet

Question 9

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) - Functional

Answer 9

Using a scanning device to take coloured images of the brain showing its functional activity.

Question 10

Functional MRI Scan (FMRI)

Question 11

Neuroimaging Techniques

Answer 11

A way to “take a picture” of the brain
Structural: Shows brain structure & anatomy
Functional: Shows the brain at work

Question 12

Cerebral Cortex

Question 13

Cerebral hemispheres

Question 14

Right Hemisphere

Answer 14

Specialises in non-verbal functions such as spatial & visual thinking.
- Completing puzzles, reading maps, emotions & creative thinking

Question 15

Left Hemisphere

Answer 15

Specialises in verbal & analytical functions.
- Reading, writing, maths, evaluation & stategy

Question 16

Corpus Callosum

Question 17

Frontal Lobe

Question 18

Primary Motor Cortex

Question 19

Broca’s Area

Question 20

Parietal Lobe

Question 21

Primary Somatosensory Cortex

Question 22

Occipital Lobe

Question 23

Primary Visual Cortex

Question 24

Temporal Lobe

Question 25

Primary Auditory Cortex

Question 26

Wernicke's Area

Question 27

Neurons

Question 28

Role of Neurons

Question 29

Neuron Structure

Question 30

Action Potential

Question 31

Communication Between Neurons

Question 32

Sensory Neurons

Question 33

Motor Neurons

Question 34

Interneurons

Question 35

Neuroplasticity

Question 36

Developmental Plasticity

Question 37

Synaptogenesis

Question 38

Synaptic Pruning

Question 39

Myelination

Question 40

Brain Trauma

Question 41

Adaptive Plasticity

Question 42

Sprouting

Question 43

Rerouting

Question 44

Neurotransmitters

Question 45

CTE

Question 46

CTE Symptoms

Question 47

Diagnosing CTE