Brain injury

Question 1

most important risk factor for stroke

Answer 1

age

Question 2

MOST IMPORTANT MODIFIABLE RISK FACTOR FOR STROKE

Answer 2

HYPERTENSION

Question 3

MOST COMMON ETIOLOGY FOR TBI

Answer 3

FALL

Question 4

MOST COMMON AREA FOR CONTUSION

Answer 4

INFERIOR FRONTAL LOBE AND ANTERIOR TEMPORAL LOBE

Question 5

DAI
WHAT IS?
COMMON LOCATION

Answer 5

DISRUPTION OF THE AXON DUE TO ACCELERATION/DECELERATION. ASSOC WITH LOC.
CORPUS CALLOSUM, CENTRAL WHITE MATTER AND MIDBRAIN (WORST PROGNOSIS)

Question 6

PRIMARY INJURY AFTER TBI

Answer 6

DAI AND CONTUSION

Question 7

PLASTICITY

Answer 7

CAPABILITY IF DAMAGED BRAIN TO REPAIR VIA TWO MECHANISMS
SPROUTING: INTACT AXONS STABLISH CONNECTION IN DAMAGED AREAS
UNMASKING NEURAL REORGANIZATION: HEALTHY STRUCTURE ARE REASSIGNED TO DO FUNTIONS SUBSERVED BY THE LESIONED AREA.
P:US

Question 8

DIASCHISIS

Answer 8

EXPLAINS SPONTANEOUS RETURN OF FUNCTION. LESION TO ONE REGION CAN PRODUCE ALTERED FUNCTION IN OTHER AREAS OF THE BRAIN IF THERE IS A CONNECTION.

Question 9

COMA

Answer 9

LACK WAKEFULNESS IN EEG. RESULTS FROM THE DAMAGE TO THE RAS IN THE BRAINSTEM OR ITS CONNECTIONS.

Question 10

VEGETATIVE STATE

Answer 10

SLEEP-WAKE CYCLE ON EEG. NO AWARENESS

Question 11

MINIMALLY CONSCIOUS STATE

Answer 11

ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS. PURPOSEFUL BEHAVIOR.

Question 12

BEST PREDICTOR OF GCS

Answer 12

MOTOR RESPONSE

Question 13

OUT OF PTA IF…

Answer 13

GOAT 75 OR HIGHER FOR TWO CONSECUTIVE DAYS

Question 14

RLA IV

Answer 14

CONFUSED AND AGITATED

Question 15

RLA V

Answer 15

CONFUSED, NON-AGITATED, INAPPROPRIATE

Question 16

MAJORITY OF PTS ARE

Answer 16

SIMPLE PARTIAL

Question 17

RISK FACTORS FOR LATE PTS

Answer 17

PENETRATING HEAD INJURY, EARLY PTS, ICH, DEPRESSED SKULL FRACTURE, PROLONGED COMA OR PTA >24HRS, BITEMPORAL LESIONS, AGE, ALCOHOL, TCAs, FOREIGN BODIES, APHASIA, HEMIPLEGIA.

Question 18

PROPHYLAXIS OF PTS

Answer 18

7 DAYS POST INJURY (PREVENT ONLY EARLY PTS) WITH PHENYTOIN OR VALPROIC ACID.

Question 19

PTS TREATMENT

Answer 19

VALPROIC ACID (GENERALIZED SEIZURE), CARBAMAZEPINE (PARTIAL SEIZURE) AND KEPPRA

Question 20

COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF CARBAMAZEPINE

Answer 20

SIADH

Question 21

MOST COMMON HYDROCEPHALUS IN TBI

Answer 21

COMMUNICATING, NORMAL PRESSURE

Question 22

HYPONATREMIA IN TBI

Answer 22

OCCURS IN THE FIRST 2 WEEKS POST TBI
SIADH: EUVOLEMIC. INAPPROPRIATE INCREASED ADH. Tx- FLUID RESTRICTION
CSW: HYPOVOLEMIC. APPROPRIATE INCREASED ADH. Tx- HYDRATION

Question 23

DIABETES INSIPIDUS

Answer 23

HYPERNATREMIA
EUVOLEMIC
Tx-DDAVP

Question 24

FAVORABLE EEG

Answer 24

RHYTHMIC THETA ACTIVITY. FRONTAL RHYTHMIC DELTA ACTIVITY. SPINDLE PATTERNS

Question 25

POOR PROGNOSIS EEG PATTERN

Answer 25

LOW AMPLITUDE DELTA. BURST SUPPRESSION. ISOELECTRIC ACTIVITY.

Question 26

TPA

Answer 26

3-4.5 WINDOW BP LESS THAN 185/110 CONTRAINDICATIONS: MORE THAN 80 YEARS OLD, ANTICOAGULATION, NIHSS>25, MCA ISCHEMIA MORE THAN 1/3, Hx OF STROKE AND DM, SEIZURE DUE TO THE STROKE

Question 27

BROCA: FLUENCY, COMPREHENSION, REPETITION, LOCATION AND TEHRAPY

Answer 27

NO, YES, NO, LET SUPERIOR MCA INFERIOR FRONTAL AND MELODIC INTONATION THERAPY (MIT)

Question 28

WERNICKE'S: FLUENCY, COMPREHENSION, REPETITION AND LOCATION

Answer 28

YES, NO, NO, LEFT INFERIOR MCA POSTERIOR TEMPORAL

Question 29

GERTSMAN SYNDROME

Answer 29

AGRAFIA, AGNOSIA, ACALCULIA

Question 30

WALLENBERG

Answer 30

LATERAL MEDULLA, PICA, CN:IX AND X, ATAXIA, HORNER'S, SENSATION AT IPSIL FACE AND CONTRALATERAL HEMIBODY. DON'T PICA HORSE THAT CAN'T SWALLOW

Question 31

MILLARD GUBLER

Answer 31

PONS, BASILAR, CN: VI, VII

Question 32

WEBER'S

Answer 32

MIDBRAIN, PCA, IPSIL CN III, CONTRALAT HEMIPARESIS

Question 33

PNF

Answer 33

DIAGONAL MOVEMENT

Question 34

BRUNSTROM

Answer 34

SYNERGISTIC PATTERNS

Question 35

BOBATH

Answer 35

INHIBITS PRIMITIVE PATTERN. FROM PROXIMAL TO DISTAL.

Question 36

ROOD APPROACH

Answer 36

SENSORIMOTOR APPROACH

Question 37

GOLD STANDARD STUDY FOR DYSPHAGIA

Answer 37

VIDEOFLUOROSCOPY, MODIFIED BARIUM

Question 38

RISK FACTORS FOR MORTALITY AFTER STROKE

Answer 38

BRAINSTEM INVOLVEMENT, CARDIAC DISEASE, CONSCIOUSNESS, DM, DELAYED MEDICAL CARE, HEMORRHAGIC STROKE, NURSING STROKE, STROKE SEVERITY, OLDER AGE, INCREASED BLOOD SUGAR.

Question 39

RISK FACTOR FOR NOT RETURNING TO WORK

Answer 39

LOW BARTHEL (FUNCTIONAL ADLs) AT DISCHARGE, PROLONGED REHAB LOS, APHASIA, PRIOR ALCOHOL ABUSE

Question 40

BRAIN MET

Answer 40

LUNG>BREAST>MELANOMA

Question 41

MOST COMMON MALIGNANT TUMOR IN CHILDREN

Answer 41

MEDULLOBLASTOMA

Question 42

MOST COMMON BENIGN TUMOR IN CHILDREN

Answer 42

ASTROCYTOMA

Question 43

MOST COMMON MALIGNANT TUMOR IN ADULTS

Answer 43

GBM