Brain (Lec 19)

Question 1

Regions of the brain

Answer 1

• Cerebrum
• Cerebellum
• Diencephalon (hypothalamus/thalamus)
• Brain stem

Question 2

Blood brain barrier’s significance

Answer 2

Body guard for substances into brain

• only allows certain substances to pass into brain tissue
• wraps around vessels that carry blood to brain

Question 3

Ventricles of the brain

Answer 3

4 Chambers within the brain
- lateral ventricles (2)
(Within Cerebral hemispheres)
- third ventricle
(Within Diencephalon)
- fourth ventricle
(Between Brain stem & Cerebellum)

Question 4

Functions of Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Answer 4

• physically supports the brain (floats in this fluid)
• cushion for nervous tissue
• maintains ionic environment
• transport/exchange of nutrients/wastes

Question 5

Describe the Meninges of the brain (and spinal cord)

Answer 5

3 layers of connective tissue surrounding brain& spinal cord

• Dura mater
• Arachnoid mater
• Apia mater
• provide physical stability & shock absorption

Question 6

What is A

Answer 6

Diencephalon (thalamus/hypothalamus)

Fluid filled sac

Question 7

What is B

Answer 7

Brain stem

Question 8

What is C

Answer 8

Cerebellum (looks like bell pepper)

Question 9

What is D

Answer 9

Cerebrum

Question 10

What is E

Answer 10

Midbrain

Question 11

What is F

Answer 11

Pons

Question 12

What is G

Answer 12

Medulla Oblongata

Question 13

What is A

Answer 13

Longitudinal fissure

Question 14

What is B

Answer 14

Corpus Callosum

Question 15

What divides the cerebrum into left and right hemispheres

Answer 15

Longitudinal fissure

Question 16

What does the corpus callosum do

Answer 16

• largest of the commissural tracts

- axons transmits signals between the left and right hemispheres

Question 17

What is the function of the association tract

Answer 17

Axons transmit signals between different regions of the same hemisphere

Question 18

What is the function of the Projection tracts

Answer 18

Transmit signals between the cerebrum and other regions of the brain & spinal cord

Question 19

What is A

Answer 19

Frontal lobe

Question 20

What is B

Answer 20

Temporal lobe

Question 21

What is C

Answer 21

Occipital lobe

Question 22

What is D

Answer 22

Parietal lobe

Question 23

What is E

Answer 23

Central sulcus

Question 24

What is F

Answer 24

Lateral sulcus

Question 25

What is G

Answer 25

Parieto-occipital sulcus

Question 26

Functions of the frontal lobe

Answer 26

Motor functions and higher functions

Question 27

Functions of the parietal, temporal and occipital lobe

Answer 27

Sensory functions

Question 28

Functional areas of the frontal lobe

Answer 28

Voluntary movements - loc: primary motor area Memory bank - loc: premotor area Higher functions -intellect/learning - loc: prefrontal cortex

Question 29

Functional areas of parietal lobe

Answer 29

Somatic sensations - loc: primary somatosensory area Integration of information from variety of sensory inputs - location: common integrative area

Question 30

Functional areas of the temporal lobe

Answer 30

Auditory sensations - location: primary auditory area Olfactory sensations - location: primary olfactory area

Question 31

Functional areas of occipital lobe

Answer 31

Visual sensations | - loc: primary visual area

Question 32

Major functions of cerebellum

Answer 32

- voluntary movement - complex movement - regulates muscle tone/posture/balance

Question 33

Functions of the Thalamus

Answer 33

- relay sensory impulses to cerebral cortex | - helps maintain consciousness

Question 34

Functions of the Hypothalamus

Answer 34

- regulate release of hormones from pituitary gland - regulate activity in the ANS - regulate emotions

Question 35

Functions of the Midbrain

Answer 35

- motor reflex to visual/auditory stimuli | - voluntary movement

Question 36

Functions of the Pons

Answer 36

- relay motor signals from cerebrum to cerebellum | - help control breathing

Question 37

Functions of the medulla oblongata

Answer 37

- relay somatosensory signals from spinal cord to thalamus - helps control breathing, heart rate and blood vessel diameter - controls reflexes of swallowing, sneezing, coughing

Question 38

What is Dura Mater

Answer 38

Tough fibrous outer layer of Meninges

Question 39

What is arachnoid mater

Answer 39

Mesh like middle layer of Meninges

Question 40

What is Pia Mater

Answer 40

Thin inner layer of meninges firmly bound to underlying nervous tissue