Brain Structure

Question 1

what does distal mean?

Answer 1

further from the CNS

Question 2

what does proximal mean?

Answer 2

closer to the CNS

Question 3

what does anterior mean?

Answer 3

towards the nose end

Question 4

what does posterior mean?

Answer 4

towards the tail end

Question 5

what does dorsal mean?

Answer 5

towards the surface of the back or top of the head

Question 6

what does ventral mean?

Answer 6

towards the surface pf the chest of the bottom of the head

Question 7

what does medial mean?

Answer 7

toward the midline of the body

Question 8

what does lateral mean?

Answer 8

away from the midline towards the body’s lateral surfaces

Question 9

what does the basal ganglia do?

Answer 9

voluntary motor responses?

Question 10

the striatum is part of which system?

Answer 10

the basal ganglia

Question 11

what is in the centre of the basal ganglia?

Answer 11

the putamen

Question 12

what are the putamen and the caudate known as?

Answer 12

the striatum

Question 13

what is the striatum part of?

Answer 13

the basal ganglia

Question 14

what pathway within the basal ganglia has a role in parkinsons?

Answer 14

the straitum to the substantia nigra

Question 15

where is the hippocampus?

Answer 15

runs beneath the thalamus

Question 16

what are stellate cells?

Answer 16

small star shaped interneurons

Question 17

what are pyramidal cells?

Answer 17

large multipolar neurons with pyramid cell bodies and large dendrite extending from the apex

Question 18

what is the septum part of?

Answer 18

the limbic system

Question 19

what is the amygdala part of?

Answer 19

the limbic system

Question 20

what is the cingulate cortex part of?

Answer 20

the limbic system

Question 21

what is the hippocampus part of?

Answer 21

the limbic system

Question 22

what does the limbic system do?

Answer 22

regulation of regulated behaviours

Question 23

what is the fornix part of?

Answer 23

the limbic system

Question 24

What is the septum also known as?

Answer 24

the midline nucleus

Question 25

What is the largest commissure of the cerebral cortex called?

Answer 25

the corpus callum

Question 26

what does the cerebral cortex cover?

Answer 26

the cerebral hemispheres

Question 27

what is the cerebral cortex composed of?

Answer 27

small unmyelinated neurons (grey matter)

Question 28

what takes up 90% of the cerebral cortex?

Answer 28

the neo cortex

Question 29

The frontal lobe has which task?

Answer 29

thinking, decision making and planning

Question 30

what does the CNS regulate?

Answer 30

internal environment

Question 31

The occipital lobe has which task?

Answer 31

process visual stimuli

Question 32

The parietal lobe has which task?

Answer 32

interpretation of body position

Question 33

what nerves are the Somatic nervous system made of?

Answer 33

afferent and efferent nerves

Question 34

what are efferent nerves?

Answer 34

carry motor signals from CNS to skeletal muscles

Question 35

What are afferent nerves

Answer 35

carry info to CN from ears, skin etc.

Question 36

What are afferent nerves

Answer 36

carry info to CN from ears, skin etc.

Question 37

what is the diencephalon?

Answer 37

the thalamus and hypothalamus

Question 38

what is the telencephalon?

Answer 38

the cerebral cortex

Question 39

what is the myelencephalon?

Answer 39

the medulla

Question 40

what is the metencephalon?

Answer 40

the cerebellum

Question 41

what is the meseneephalon?

Answer 41

the tectum and tegmentum

Question 42

what does the myelencephalon do?

Answer 42

sleep, attention, movement, maintenance of muscle tone

Question 43

where are the colliculi?

Answer 43

the tectum

Question 44

where is the substantia nigra and the pariaqueductial grey?

Answer 44

the tegmentum

Question 45

what are oligodendrocytes, schwann cells, microglia and astrocytes?

Answer 45

glia cells

Question 46

what are oligodendrocytes, schwann cells, microglia and astrocytes?

Answer 46

glia cells

Question 47

what do astrocytes do?

Answer 47

allow passage from blood into CNS and blocking other channels

Question 48

what do oligodendrocytes do?

Answer 48

wrap around axons of some neurons

Question 49

what do schwann cells do

Answer 49

guide axonal regeneration after damage

Question 50

what do microglia do?

Answer 50

respond to injury.

Question 51

what do the meninges do?

Answer 51

protect

Question 52

the menix is?

Answer 52

the first layer also known as the dura matter

Question 53

the arachnoid is

Answer 53

the seond layer

Question 54

the subarachnoid is

Answer 54

the last layer and controls blood and CBF

Question 55

Hydrocephalus is:

Answer 55

where there is build up fluid in the ventricles causing the brain to expand

Question 56

What is critical Downstream?

Answer 56

change in neuroplasticity