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A+P: Nervous > Brain Structures > Flashcards

Brain Structures Flashcards

(80 cards)

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1
Q

prosencephalon

A

gives rise to forebrain (telencephalon and diencephalon)

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2
Q

mesencephalon

A

gives rise to midbrain

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3
Q

rhombencephalon

A

gives rise to hindbrain (metencephalon and myelencephalon)

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4
Q

telencephalon

A

cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, hippocampus, and amygdala

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5
Q

diencephalon

A

thalamus and hypothalamus

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6
Q

mesencephalon

A

tectum and tegmentum

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7
Q

metencephalon

A

pons and cerebellum

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8
Q

myelencephalon

A

medulla

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9
Q

frontal lobe

A

voluntary control of skeletal muscles

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10
Q

parietal

A

sensory perception

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11
Q

occipital

A

visual stimuli

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12
Q

temporal

A

auditory and olfactory stimuli

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13
Q

insula

A

links conscious thoughts with unconscious autonomic functions

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14
Q

longitudinal fissure

A

separates left and right

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15
Q

precentral gyrus

A

bump in front of central sulcus

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16
Q

central sulcus

A

unbroken groove separating frontal and parietal lobes

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17
Q

postcentral gyrus

A

bump behind central sulcus

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18
Q

parieto-occipital groove

A

groove separating parietal and occipital lobes

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19
Q

lateral sulcus

A

separates frontal and temporal lobes

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20
Q

cerebellum

A

helps coordinate skeletal muscle contractions and movements

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21
Q

folia

A

fold between gray matter of cerebellar cortex

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22
Q

arbor vitae

A

white matter tracts of cerebellum

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23
Q

cerebral peduncles

A

bottom bumps on back of midbrain, under corpora quadrigemina, bridge between brain stem and cerebral cortex

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24
Q

cerebral peduncles contain

A

ascending sensory tracts and descending motor tracts

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25
inferior cerebellar peduncles
medulla to cerebellum connection
26
middle cerebellar peduncles
pons to cerebellum connection
27
superior cerebellar peduncles
midbrain to cerebellum
28
corpora quadrigemnia
four bumps on back of midbrain
29
superior colliculi
upper bumps, reflexes for movement of eyes and head in response to visual stimuli
30
inferior colliculi
lower bumps, reflexes for movement of head and trunk in response to auditory stimuli
31
medulla oblongata
lowest part of brain stem
32
medulla cardiovascular center
regulates rate and force of heartbeat
33
medullary rhythmicity area
adjust basic rhythm of breathing via inspiratory and expiratory areas
34
medulla cranial nerves
8-12
35
pons
chubby middle of brain stem, connects medulla and superior brain structures
36
pons pneumotaxic area
inhibitory impulses to inspiratory area of medulla
37
pons apneustic area
stimulatory impulses to inspiratory area of medulla
38
pons cranial nerves
5-8
39
olfactory bulb
bulb at end of olfactory nerve
40
olfactory tract
long part of olfactory nerve
41
pituitary gland
brain bean, produces hormones for homeostasis ( growth, sex hormones, etc.)
42
substantia nigra
nuclei of midbrain that control subconscious muscle activities through the production of dopamine
43
reticular activating system
network of interconnected nuclei in midbrain that help with sleep and waking up
44
infundibulum
connect hypothalamus to pituitary gland
45
mammillary body
front top bulb on midbrain behind hypothalamus, relay center for smell reflexes
46
premotor area
sloppy bumps in front of precentral gyrus, coordinates muscle movement
47
primary motor area
precentral gyrus, plan and coordinate voluntary movements
48
somatosensory association area
most of parietal lobe, integrates sensory info from primary somatosensory area
49
primary somatosensory area
postcentral gyrus, senses (touch, cold, hot, pain, etc)
50
visual association area
most of occipital lobe, processes more visual detail
51
primary visual area
bottom two gyruses of occipital lobe, processes visual info
52
auditory association area
u-shape around primary auditory area, processes more auditory detail
53
primary auditory area
square bump at end of central sulcus where it meets the lateral sulcus, processes auditory info
54
corpus callosum
white matter in center, connects two halves of brain
55
septum pellucidum
little front window under corpus callosum
56
fornix
white matter flap separating septum pellucidum from diencephalon
57
intermediate mass
ball in thalamus, connects right and left sides of brain
58
thalamus
gray matter ball in center, principal relay station for sensory impulses and cognition
59
medial geniculate nucleus of thalamus
auditory impulses
60
lateral geniculate nucleus of thalamus
visual impulses
61
ventral geniculate nucleus of thalamus
taste impulses
62
hypothalamus
triangle below thalamus, regulates homeostasis
63
hypothalamus functions
autonomic functions, hormones, urine, labor contractions, primitive emotions, eating and drinking, body temperature, sleep
64
pineal gland
little guy behind thalamus, produces serotonin and melatonin
65
midbrain cranial nerves
3, 4
66
cerebral cranial nerves
1, 2
67
limbic system
insula, emotions, memory
68
choroid plexuses
capillary beds that form blood-brain barrier and produce csf
69
lateral ventricles
behind septum pellucidum, produces csf
70
interventricular foramen
connects lateral and third ventricles
71
third ventricle
under thalamus, produces csf
72
cerebral aqueduct
drains from midbrain to cerebellum, connects third and fourth ventricles
73
fourth ventricle
room in front of cerebellum, produces csf
74
lateral and median apertures
where csf moves out to subarachnoid space
75
pia mater
layer closest to brain
76
subarachnoid space
where csf flows around the brain
77
arachnoid villi
structures that help recycle csf
78
superior sagittal sinus
where csf goes to be recycled in the bloodstream
79
arachnoid mater
fluffy stuff
80
dura mater
top tough layer

A+P: Nervous (5 decks)

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