Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Neurology Clinical > Brain Tumours > Flashcards

Brain Tumours Flashcards

(47 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What classification of brain tumour is a glioma?

A

A tumour do neuroepithelial tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What classification of brain tumour is a meningioma?

A

Tumour of meninges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the common type of pituitary tumour?

A

Adenoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the most common causes of secondary metastasis to the brain?

A 
Renal cell carcinoma
Lung cxarcinoma
Breast carcinoma
Malignant melanoma 
GI tract
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What type of cells are gliomas derived from?

A

Astrocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What grade is gliomas?

A

Grade IV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where are glioblastomas most commonly found?

A

In the anterior and middle fossae

Not normally found int he posterior cranial fossa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What type of brain tumours are slow growing and fast growing?

A

Slow growing = meningiomas

Fast growing = gliomas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Are meningiomas benign or malignant?

A

Benign

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

From what meninges does a meningioma derive form?

A

Arachnoid matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Where does meningiomas common arise ?

A

Along the falx, sphenoid bone , convexity (surface)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the presentation of a pituitary tumour?

A

Visual disturbance

Hormone imbalance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What investigations would you carry out if you suspected a brain tumour?

A

CT/MRI head
CXR
Biopsy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the clinical presentation of a brain tumour?

A

Focal neurological deficits
Raised ICP
Epileptic fits
CSF obstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of raised ICP?

A 
Headache - particularly morning
Nausea and vomiting 
Visual disturbances (diplopia, blurred vision)
Somnolence 
Altered conciousness
Pappiloedema 
Cranial nerve palsies (CN III & VI)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How do you identify pappiloedema on fundoscopy?

A

Non defined optic disc margins

Haemorrhages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the signs of Grestmanns syndrome and what causes this?

A

Acalculia
Agraphia
Finger agnosia
Right/left confusion

Occurs with parietal lesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Epilepsy is a symptom of brain tumours that only lie where?

A

Above the tentorium - in the cerebral hemisphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the treatment for glioblastoma?

Study These Flashcards
A

Debulk tumour (complete excision is impossible)
Steroids, anti convulsants
Radiotherapy, chemotherapy

20
Q

What is the best chemotherapy drug for treating glioblastoma?

21
Q

What is the prognosis for a high grade astrocytoma (glioblastoma)?

Study These Flashcards
A

Average 1 year survival

22
Q

What is the prognosis for a meningioma?

Study These Flashcards
A

Commonly cured by surgery, may require anticonvulsants

23
Q

Is a glioblastoma a high or low grade astrocytoma?

Study These Flashcards
A

High grade astrocytoma

24
Q

Why do you not perform a LP if a patient has suspected intracranial mass lesion?

Study These Flashcards
A

A mass lesion = raised intracranial pressure

Performing a LP will therefore cause herniation syndrome (coning)

25
what is the cause of a generalised pathology causing raised intracranial pressure? (not a SOL)
oedema post trauma
26
if there is raised ICP and it causes a part of the right cerebral hemisphere to be pushed over to the left, what type of herniation is this?
subfalcine herniation (midline shift)
27
if there is herniation of the cerebrum moving inferiorly under the tentorium, what is this called?
unal herniation
28
if there is herniation of the brain through a skull fracture what is this called?
transcalvarial herniation
29
due to raised ICP, what sign would you see if the brain was squeezing on the optic nerve?
papilloedema
30
due to raised ICP, what sign would you see if the brain was squeezing on the cortex and brainstem?
morning headaches and nausea | falling glasgow coma scale
31
what can also cause morning headaches (not including raised ICP)?
hypoglycaemia through he night
32
if there is squeeze on the CN III due to raised ICP, what sign would you see?
pupillary dilatation
33
name a type of brain tumour derived from brain cells?
gliomas - glioblastoma, astrocytoma, ependymoma
34
name a brain tumour derived from arachnoid cells.
meningioma
35
are medulloblastomas benign or malignant?
malignant
36
in what age group would you find meduloblastomas?
children
37
what is the distribution of brain tumours with adults compared to children?
brain tumours more commonly occur above the tentorium in adults and below in children
38
what is the general appearance of gliomas?
diffuse edges | not encapsulated
39
are gliomas benign of malignant?
malignant but don't spread outside the CNS
40
what is the pathology of astrocytomas?
bland cells on microscopy similar to normal astrocytes | grow very slowly
41
what is the pathology of glioblastoma?
cellular, atypical tumour with necrosis grow quickly large cell with multiple nuclei and irregular nucleus
42
from what cells are medulloblastomas derived from and what is the pathology like?
neuroectodermal cells (primitive neural cells) sheets of small undifferentiated cells
43
what is the pathology of meningiomas?
benign but can be locally aggressive slow growing bland cells forming small groups sometimes calcification
44
name an example of a shwannoma and describe its pathology.
vestibulocochlear nerve schwannoma - acoustic neuroma occurs at angle between pons and cerebellum causes unilateral deafness benign
45
describe the pathology of CNS lymphoma.
high grade neoplasm usually diffuse Bcell lymphoma often deep and central site in the brain
46
why is CNS lymphoma difficult to treat?
often deep and central site within brain so difficult to biopsy drugs don't cross BBB
47
name a brain tumour of blood vessels and where it commonly occurs.
haemangioblastoma | most often in cerebellum

Neurology Clinical (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions