breast

Question 1

___ are paired dome shaped organs. They contain sweat ____ glands.

Answer 1

Breasts, apocrine (exocrine)

Question 2

What do sweat apocrine glands do?

Answer 2

They produce milk to nourish offspring

Question 3

What is another word for suspensory ligaments

Answer 3

copper ligaments

Question 4

Bands of connective tissue that divide gland into lobes and lobules

Answer 4

suspensory ligaments

Question 5

Functional fibro glandular tissue of breast is called the

Answer 5

parenchyma

Question 6

the parynchyma contains ___-___compartments called____

Answer 6

15-20; lobes

Question 7

Lobes are separated by adipose (fatty) tissue, which are made up of several small _______( ______-______) specifically the terminal ductolobular units (TDLU)

Answer 7

lobules(TDLU) 20-40

Question 8

lobules secrete _______ via secondary tubules

Answer 8

milk

Question 9

A portion of mammary tissue which extends into the region of the axilla

Answer 9

tail of spence

Question 10

one in each lobe
open individually into the nipple
convey milk from lobes to exterior

Answer 10

lactiferous ducts

Question 11

milk passes from the ___________ __________through the mammary ducts to the nipple

Answer 11

secondary tubules

Question 12

also known as lactiferous sinuses
*formed by expanded lactiferous ducts
*store milk

Answer 12

ampullae

Question 13

the male breast consists primarily of

Answer 13

nipple and areola

Question 14

circular pigmented area of skin
surrounds nipple
has sebaceous glands
Montgomery tubercules

Answer 14

areola

Question 15

tiny bumps scattered around areola.
sebaceous oil producing glands (discourages bacterial growth)

Answer 15

glands of Montgomery

Question 16

retromammary space fat filled space between breast and pectoralis major muscle

Answer 16

deep fascia

Question 17

lies posterior to the deep fascia

Answer 17

pectoralis major muscle

Question 18

breasts lie over the

Answer 18

pectoralis major

Question 19

breasts are located ____chest wall ___ to the axilla.

Answer 19

anterior, adjacent

Question 20

Breasts lie anterior to the ______ and _________

Answer 20

pectoralis major, pectoralis minor muscles

Question 21

breasts are connected to _____ by layers of ________

Answer 21

muscles, connective tissue

Question 22

In breast _______ is the most superior linear structure. Two thin, reflective bands encasing ______ echoes.

Answer 22

skin, medium level

Question 23

______ varies with age, parity, hormonal status. Less ____ than other breast tissue ( _______)

Answer 23

Subcutaneous fat, echogenic, hypoechoic

Question 24

hypoechoic as fat

Answer 24

lobules

Question 25

thin echogenic/hyperechoic, curvilinear bands ascending towards the skin and encasing fat lobules saw tooth pattern

Answer 25

ligaments of cooper

Question 26

glandular tissue is _____and ________ in texture and characteristics.

Answer 26

echogenic and homogenous

Question 27

Glandular tissue that is hyperechoic with little fat

Answer 27

juvenile

Question 28

glandular tissue that is partly involuted and more amount of hypoechoic fat

Answer 28

premenopausal

Question 29

glandular tissue that is mostly involuted and high amount of fat

Answer 29

postmenopausal

Question 30

glandular tissue with increased glandular tissue and pattern

Answer 30

pregnancy/lactating

Question 31

echopoor tubular structures

Answer 31

ducts

Question 32

narrow hypoechoic layer deep to the base. defines posterior boundaries of glandular tissue.

Answer 32

retromammary fat

Question 33

Medium-low level echo areas posterior to the retromammary layer parallel to the chest wall (skin)

Answer 33

pectoralis muscle

Question 34

Homogenous texture of medium-level echoes dense connective tissue at areolar region sits around the converging ducts attenuates sound/posterior acoustic shadowing

Answer 34

nipple

Question 35

oval hypoechoic structures posterior to pectoralis muscle attenuate sound with posterior acoustic shadowing

Answer 35

ribs

Question 36

_____ are tubular structures in the axilla that show flow with ________

Answer 36

axillary vessels doppler ultrasound

Question 37

appears as a flat oval hypoechoic solid mass with a hypoechoic halo

Answer 37

lymph nodes

Question 38

______, due to hormone _____ from anterior pituitary. Influence of ____ and ______.

Answer 38

milk secretion, prolactin, progesterone and estrogen

Question 39

______ occurs in the presence of _______ from posterior pituitary. released by stimulation of ________.

Answer 39

milk ejection, oxytocin, infant sucking

Question 40

when breasts are stimulated by estrogen in ovaries

Answer 40

puberty

Question 41

when breasts enlarge during the menstrual cycle due to water retention. Breast composed mostly of granular tissue.

Answer 41

maturity

Question 42

proliferation of the ductal system and lobules

Answer 42

pregnancy

Question 43

glandular tissue atrophies breast composed mainly of fatty tissue

Answer 43

menopause

Question 44

this artery is found beneath the areola

Answer 44

arterial anastomoses

Question 45

what do lymphatics do

Answer 45

communicate with each other

Question 46

the lymphatics are continuous with the

Answer 46

lymphatics of skin abdomen and neck

Question 47

what lymphatics receive most the lymph stream

Answer 47

axillary

Question 48

what probe and frequency is used to scan breast