Breast

Question 1

firm, smooth, non tender and mobile mass
well defined, rounded
enlarges and changes with phases of menstrual cycle

Answer 1

fibroadenoma

typically seen in women of ages 15 - 25 years old

Question 2

smooth, discrete lump, that can be painful and visible

relatively mobile

Answer 2

breast cyst

Question 3

ill defined lump w/ lumpy areas

Answer 3

fibrocystic changes

Question 4

firm lump that is tethered/fixed

Answer 4

carcinoma usually

Question 5

spontaneous bloody discharge from a single nipple

Answer 5

ductal papilloma

OR carcinoma in situ

Question 6

clear nipple discharge

Answer 6

duct ectasia

Question 7

nipple ulceration, eczema

Answer 7

paget’s disease

Question 8

describe the macroscopic appearance of breast cancer

Answer 8

hard, gritty
loss of myoepithelial cell layer
new stellate density
prominent fibrosis and irregular infiltrating cord

Question 9

what are some clinical signs of breast cancer

Answer 9

nipple retraction/inversion
p’deau orange
skin retraction
blood in nipple discharge (Carcinoma in situ)
skin erythema/eczematous change of the skin