Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

ABSITE Flashcards > Breast > Flashcards

Breast Flashcards

(47 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

sensation to medial arm

A

intercostobrachial n. (off 2nd intercostal n), can be sacrificed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

innervation to serratus anterior; injury called?

A

long thoracic n.

winged scapula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

innervation to latissimus dorsi and injury?

A

thoracodorsal n.

weak arm adduction/pull ups

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

innervation to pec major/pec minor

A

medial pectoral n to both

lateral pectoral n to pec minor only

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Batson’s plexus

Clinical significance

A

valveless vertebral veins

allows direct mets to spine from breast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Poland syndrome

A

amastia, hypoplastic shoulder, no pectoralis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Mastodynia and tx?

A

Breast pain
Rx with danazol, OCP, evening primrose oil, tamoxifen (first line)
Vitamin E not useful

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Mondor’s disease and tx

A

thrombophlebitis of superficial vein of breast
Cord like mass laterally
Rx: NSAIDs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

T1
T2
T3
T4

A

T1<2cm
T2 2-5 cm
T3 >5 cm
T4 skin or chest wall involvement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

N1
N2
N3

A

positive ax nodes
matted or fixed nodes
internal mammary nodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Stage I
Stage II
Stage III
Stage IV

A

T1
up to T2N1 or T3N0
T4 or N2
Mets (include supraclavicular nodes, unlike lung cancer)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Breast met MC sites

A

bone
lung
brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Her2Neu

A

marker for breast CA
implies worse prognosis
Herceptin now available for rx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Worse prognosis markers

A

Erb B 2
p53
cathepsin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How long does it take approximately for tumor to grow to 1 cm?

A

approximately 5 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Tamoxifen risks

A

Increase endometrial cancer

DVT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

increased risk of atypical hyperplasia

A

raises risk x4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

best prognosis of ER/PR

A

ER+PR+ > ER-PR+ > ER+PR- > ER-PR-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Tx of DCIS

Study These Flashcards
A

Precursor for invasive carcinoma
Lumpectomy + radiation
Mastectomy for high grade/large tumor/poor margins

20
Q

Tx of LCIS

Study These Flashcards
A 
30-40% develop invasive carcinoma (either breast)
Tx options:
-nothing
-tamoxifen
-b/l mastectomy
21
Q

Comedo breast cancer tx

Study These Flashcards
A

Mastectomy

Poor prognosis

22
Q

Paget’s disease of the breast

Study These Flashcards
A

Eczematous lesions on nipple, there is underlying DCIS or ductal CA

23
Q

Cystosarcoma phyllodes (phyllodes tumor) and tx?

Study These Flashcards
A

10% malignant
Rare nodal mets
HEMATOGENOUS spread (not lymphatic) because it’s a SARCOMA

Tx: WLE, no ALND

24
Q

BRCA risk of cancer

Study These Flashcards
A

85% have CA by age 70
BRCA1 ovarian CA (50%)
BRCA2 male breast CA

25
Indications for radiation after mastectomy
>4 nodes Skin or chest wall involvement +margins
26
Stewart Treves syndrome (cutaneous angiosarcoma)
Lymphangiosarcoma in lymphedematous limb, presents with purplish mass on arm ~10 yrs s/p MRM
27
Bloody nipple discharge
``` intraductal papilloma no risk of CA #1 cause of bloody nipple discharge, 1/2 are serous though ```
28
BRCA 1
``` Chromosome 17 Risk of colon ca Earlier age of onset 60% risk of breast cancer 40% risk of ovarian cancer ```
29
BRCA 2
Chromosome 13 Male breast cancer Older age onset >50 yo Risk of bladder/pancreatic cancer
30
Who should get screening breast MRI?
Patients with lifetime risk exceeding 20-25% - strong family hx - prior tx of Hodgkin disease with mantle radiation - BRCA mutation
31
Pleomorphic LCIS tx
different from classic LCIS more similar to DCIS and invasive lobular carcinoma excisional biopsy should be performed of the lesions with wire localization
32
Proper test for suspected Paget's disease?
Full thickness nipple biopsy to confirm Paget's first - then proceed with partial or total mastectomy once confirmed 85-92% of women with Paget's have breast cancer
33
Which lesions are associated with increased breast cancer risk? - atypical ductal hyperplasia - sclerosing adenosis - fat necrosis - complex sclerosing lesion - radial scars
Atypical ductal hyperplasia - 4 fold increased risk of developing breast cancer
34
Granulomatous mastitis sx and tx
idiopathic inflammatory condition often presents with abscesses and fistulas tx: core biopsy, observation and course of steroids, surgical excision for steroid refractory patients
35
First line treatment for gynecomastia
Anti-estrogen treatments - tamoxifen Surgery for those who do not respond to medical treatment - liposuction or removal of glandular breast tissue through periareolar incision
36
Hormone replacement therapy affect on breast cancer risk
OCP use slightly increases risk of breast cancer - 10 years after cessation of birth control pills, the risk returns to baseline Combination hormone therapy increases risk of breast cancer and CV disease in post-menopausal women
37
Periareolar mammary duct fistula
Chronically discharging nipple lesion, tracks to a major subareolar milk duct Recurring abscesses will drain along the tract, forming a chronic fistula Tx: excision of entire fistula tract - can be closed primarily if there is no acute infection
38
Risk of lymphedema with SLNB vs ax dissection
7% risk in SLNB 6 months after surgery 20% risk in ax dissection
39
Tumor emboli in the dermal lymphatic channels
Pathognomonic histologic finding of inflammatory breast cancer
40
Tx of inflammatory breast cancer
Neoadjuvant chemo MRM Post-op radiation
41
Tx of locally advanced non-inflammatory breast cancer
Neoadjuvant chemo Can attempt BCT Post-op radiation
42
Pregnancy associated breast cancer treatment
Surgery is 1st line treatment - can be performed safely at any trimester (mastectomy or BCT) SLNB is ok during pregnancy - radioisotope stays trapped at injection site until decay occurs, half life is 6 hours Chemotherapy can be given after the 1st trimester adjuvant or neoadjuvant Tamoxifen should be delayed until after delivery
43
Subareolar breast abscess treatment
US to differentiate between mastitis and breast abscess MRSA coverage with abx tx - continued until complete clinical resolution US guided aspiration of abscess for simple abscess Surgical I/D for multiloculated or recurrent abscess
44
Fibroadenoma histologic elements
Stromal and epithelial tissue | Similar histologically to phyllodes tumor
45
Phyllodes tumors dx and tx
Benign vs malignant differentiation - molecular analysis Hematogenous spread - SLNB not indicated 1 cm margin for malignant phyllodes tumor - can pursue BCT 50% local recurrence rate
46
Which BIRADs classifications require biopsy?
4 and 5 If BIRADS5 biopsy is benign - discordant results and should proceed with surgical excisional biopsy to confirm BIRADS4 lesions is benign on biopsy - ok to observe
47
BIRADS classifications
``` 0 - inconclusive 1 - negative 2- benign 3 - probably benign 4 - suspicious 5 - highly suggestive of malignancy 6 - biopsy proven malignancy ```

ABSITE Flashcards (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions