Breast and axilla

Question 1

Duct ectasia

Answer 1

Benign condition of the subareolar ducts that can cause a nipple discharge

Question 2

Benign condition of the subareolar ducts that can cause a nipple discharge

Answer 2

Duct ectasia

Question 3

Galactorrhea

Answer 3

Lactation not associated with childbearing

Question 4

Lactation not associated with childbearing

Answer 4

Galactorrhea

Question 5

Intraductal papillomas

Answer 5

Benign tumors of the subareolar ducts that produce a nipple discharge

Question 6

Benign tumors of the subareolar ducts that produce a nipple discharge

Answer 6

Intraductal papillomas

Question 7

Mastodynia

Answer 7

Breast pain

Question 8

Breast pain

Answer 8

Mastodynia

Question 9

Montgomery follicles

Answer 9

Tiny sebaceous glands that may appear on the areola

Question 10

Tiny sebaceous glands that may appear on the areola

Answer 10

Montgomery follicles

Question 11

Paget disease

Answer 11

Skin manifestations that are indicative of ductal carcinoma

Question 12

Skin manifestations that are indicative of ductal carcinoma

Answer 12

Paget disease

Question 13

Peau d’orange

Answer 13

Skin changes of the breast due to edema caused by blockage of the lymph drainage associated with inflammatory breast cancer

Question 14

Skin changes of the breast due to edema caused by blockage of the lymph drainage associated with inflammatory breast cancer

Answer 14

Peau d’orange

Question 15

Tail of Spence

Answer 15

Area where most malignancies occur

Question 16

Area where most malignancies occur

Answer 16

Tail of Spence

Question 17

Thelarche

Answer 17

Beginning of female pubertal breast development

Question 18

Beginning of female pubertal breast development

Answer 18

Thelarche

Question 19

Tanner Stage 1

Answer 19

Only nipple is raised

Question 20

Tanner stage: only nipple is raised

Answer 20

Stage 1

Question 21

Tanner Stage 2

Answer 21

Elevation of breast and papilla as a small mound; enlargement of diameter of areola

Question 22

Tanner stage: elevation of breast and papilla as a small mound; enlargement of diameter of areola

Answer 22

Stage 2

Question 23

Tanner Stage 3

Answer 23

Further enlargement of breast and areola with no separation of contours

Question 24

Tanner stage: further enlargement of breast and areola with no separation of contours

Answer 24

Stage 3

Question 25

Tanner Stage 4

Answer 25

Areola projected above breast as a secondary mound

Question 26

Tanner stage: areola projected above breast as a secondary mound

Answer 26

Stage 4

Question 27

Tanner stage 5

Answer 27

Recession of areola mound to the general contour of the breast; projection of papilla only

Question 28

Tanner stage: recession of areola mound to the general contour of the breast; projection of papilla only

Answer 28

Stage 5

Question 29

When does the onset of breast development occur?

Answer 29

1 year prior to pubic hair; 2 years prior to menarche; completed within 4 years

Question 30

What are the five D's related to nipples?

Answer 30

1. Discharge2. Depression or inversion3. Discoloration4. Dermatologic changes5. Deviation

Question 31

What are signs and symptoms of fibrocystic changes?

Answer 31

20-50yo, usually bilateral, multiple or single, round, soft-to-firm (usually elastic), mobile, no retraction, often tender, well defined borders, variation with menses

Question 32

What are signs and symptoms of fibroadenomas?

Answer 32

12-25yo, up to 55yo, usually bilateral, single; may be multiple, round, disc-like, or lobular, usually firm / rubbery, very mobile, no retraction, usually nontender, well defined borders, no variations with menses

Question 33

What are signs and symptoms of breast cancer?

Answer 33

30-90yo, most common over 50yo, usually unilateral, single, may coexist, irregular or stellate, firm / hard / stone-like, fixed, usually have retraction, usually nontender, poorly defined borders / irregular, no variations with menses

Question 34

When is the best time to examine breasts?

Answer 34

5-7 days after onset of menses

Question 35

What are the most important symptoms of breast disease?

Answer 35

1. Presence of a mass2. Breast pain3. Nipple discharge

Question 36

What percent of breast masses are caused by benign lesions?

Answer 36

90%