breath sounds and dx Flashcards
(25 cards)
if you hear crackles during late inspiration, it might mean
atelectesis, fibrosus, edema or compression of lung from pleural effeusion
if you hear a wheeze upon inhale, it implies
rigid airway: bronchospasm, stenosis, or impaction
if you hear a wheeze upon exhale, it implies
unstable airways that have collapsed, assc with obstruction
if you hear a friction rub
think pleural inflammation
where are friction rubs usually heard
lower lateral chest wall
when using egophony, you hear an “a” instead of an “E”. this means what?
that area of lung may be compressed
when using bronchophony (99) the sound is transmitted clearly, instead of sounding muffled. what does this mean
that region of lung is airless, ie pneumonia atelectesis
what clinical presentation would you expect from atelectesis?
hear crackles in late inspiration, increased fremitus,
what would help atelectesis?
deep breathing, cough and airway clearance
what clinical presentation would you expect from pneumonia?
crackles throughout inspiration, segmental distribution, increased fremitus, bronchial breath sounds
what helps in pneumonia?
ACT like postural drainage, percussion, cough techniques
left heart failure has this clinical presentation
rales throughout inspiration, more in dependent areas.
what helps right heart failure?
manage fluids, positional changes, HOB up
what is the clinical presentation of pulmonary fibrosis
late inspiration rales that worsen with exertion, hear “velcro”
what is the clinical presentation of chronic bronchitis
diminished breath sounds, a prolonged expiration, wheezing and persistent cough. decreased fremitus
what can help chronic bronchitis?
breathing strategies (pursed lip, control breath) cough techniques. want air behind cough, help get air out, avoid air trapping
what is the clinical presentation of emphysema?
decreased breath sounds, over inflated, hyper resonant
what is the clinical presentation of pmeumothorax?
air or gas in the plueral space, abnormal breathing, diminished breath and positive bronchophony test
when would you use breath stacking?
restrictive disorders, help to get more air in
when would you use phonation
acts as an objective measure, eccentric diaphragmatic control, focus on air out
where do you normally hear bronchial sounds?
adjacent to the sternum
what are bronchial sounds?
loud and high pitched, shorter inpiratory than expiratory, pause between each
what are bronchi vesicular sounds
softer bronchial sounds, continuous throughout
what are vesicular sounds
low pitched and muffled, inhale louder, longer and higher in pitch than exhale
