Breathing

Question 1

Ventilation

Answer 1

Air moving in and out of lungs

Question 2

Inspiration

Answer 2

Breathing in. Air pressure in the thorax is lower than atmospheric pressure

External intercostal muscles contract

rib cage moves upwards

Question 3

Expiration

Answer 3

Breathing out. Air pressure higher than atmospheric pressure

Question 4

What is a pressure gradient

Answer 4

Difference in pressures

Question 5

What is pressure

Answer 5

Force exerted by molecules

Question 6

Muscles involved in breathing

Answer 6

Diaphragm, antagonistic pairs, pleural membrane

Question 7

Describe the function of cartilage in the respiratory system

Answer 7

Holds the trachea & bronchi open
Prevents collapse

Question 8

Describe the function of the cilia in the respiratory system

Answer 8

Move in a synchronised way to move mucus away from the airways to the back of the throat - it is then swallowed and the acidic conditions in the stomach kill any bacteria

Question 9

Describe the function of goblet cells in the respiratory system

Answer 9

Secretion of mucus

Question 10

Describe the function of smooth muscle in the respiratory system

Answer 10

Contracts and relaxes to control the volume inside the airways
Prevents harmful substances from reaching the airways

Question 11

Describe the function of elastic fibres in the respiratory system

Answer 11

Recoil to their original size & shape to expel air and preventing the alveoli from bursting