BREATHING AND EXCHANGE OF GASES

Question 1

the process of exchange of CO2 and O2 is collectively known as

Answer 1

BREATHING OR EXTERNAL RESPIRATION

Question 2

the process of oxidation of glucose in cells to produce energy is known as

Answer 2

RESPIRATION

Question 3

which type of process is breathing– ACTIVE OR PASSIVE

Answer 3

ACTIVE (remember it involves contraction and relaxation of muscles which require energy)

Question 4

mode of breathing in sponges,coelentrates and flatworms is

Answer 4

SIMPLE DIFFUSION

Question 5

earthworm breathes through

Answer 5

MOIST CUTICLE

Question 6

insects breath through

Answer 6

TRACHEAL TUBES

Question 7

aquatic arthropods and molluscs breath through

Answer 7

GILLS

Question 8

terrestrials forms of life breath through vascularised bags known as

Answer 8

LUNGS

Question 9

amphibians,mammals reptiles and birds breathe through

Answer 9

LUNGS

Question 10

which amphibian can breathe both through moist skin when in water and lungs when on land

Answer 10

FROG

Question 11

which portion of pharynx is a common passage for food and air

Answer 11

OROPHARYNX

Question 12

sound box in humans is

Answer 12

LARYNX

Question 13

the opening of the larynx

Answer 13

GLOTTIS

Question 14

the glottis is covered by a cartilaginous flap known as

Answer 14

EPIGLOTTIS

Question 15

at which thoraic vertebra the trachea divides into bronchi

Answer 15

FIFTH THORAIC VETERBRA (5 TH)

Question 16

what are the significance of semi circular rings of cartilage present in trachea

Answer 16

IT PREVENTS THE AIR PASSAGE FROM COLLAPSING

Question 17

the bronchioles divide into thin, irregular walled like vascular bags known as

Answer 17

ALVEOLI

Question 18

lungs are covered by membrane

Answer 18

PLEURAL

Question 19

the outer layer of pleural membrane in contact with thoracic lining

Answer 19

PARIETAL PLEURAE

Question 20

the inner layer of pleural membrane in contact with the lung surface

Answer 20

VISCERAL PLEURAE

Question 21

mention fluid present in pleural membrane and mention its function

Answer 21

PLEURAL FLUID AND IT REDUCES FRICTION ON LUNG SURFACE

Question 22

the space between 2 lungs where the heart is present is known as

Answer 22

MEDIASTINUM

Question 23

how many lobes are present in right lung

Answer 23

3 LOBES(SUPERIOR LOBE,MIDDLE LOBE,INFERIOR LOBE)

Question 24

how many lobes are present in left lung

Answer 24

2 LOBES

Question 25

how many fissures does right lung has

Answer 25

2 FISSURES (1 HORIZONTAL AND 1 OBLIQUE)

Question 26

how many fissure does left lung has

Answer 26

1 OBLIQUE FISSURE

Question 27

excess of pleural fluid causes which disease

Answer 27

PLEURAL EFFUSION DISEASE(PED)

Question 28

in which of the lungs a cardiac notch(concavity)

Answer 28

LEFT LUNG

Question 29

which part of the respiratory system starts from external nostrils and ends to terminal bronchioles

Answer 29

CONDUCTING PART

Question 30

which part of respiratory system is formed by alveoli and its duct

Answer 30

RESPIRATORY OR EXCHANGE PART

Question 31

what is the significance of conducting part

Answer 31

PROTECTS FROM FOREIGN PARTICLES, HUMIDIFIES AIR,AND BRINGS AIR TO NORMAL BODY TEMPERATURE

Question 32

in which part of respiratory system actual exchange of gases take place

Answer 32

EXCHANGE OR RESPIRATORY PART

Question 33

the parts of thoracic cavity include

Answer 33

VERTERBRAL COLUMN(DORSAL) , STERNUM(VENTRALLY),RIBS(LATERALLY),DIAPHRAGM(AT THE BOTTOM)

Question 34

The thin skeletal muscle that sits at the base of the chest and separates the abdomen from the thoracic cavity.

Answer 34

DIAPHRAGM

Question 35

thoracic cavity is protected by

Answer 35

RIB CAGE AND STERNUM

Question 36

how many alveoli are present in our lungs

Answer 36

ABOUT 600 MILLION(300 MILLION PER LUNG)

Question 37

two major processes of breathing include

Answer 37

INSPIRATION AND EXPIRATION

Question 38

neccessary condition for inspiration to take place is

Answer 38

INTRA PULMONARY PRESSURE SHOULD BE LESS THAN ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE (THERE IS A NEGATIVE PRESSURE IN LUNGS)

Question 39

which muscles are present between the ribs

Answer 39

INTERCOASTAL MUSCLES

Question 40

which muscles provides us with the ability to increase the strength of expiration and inspiration in our body

Answer 40

ABDOMINAL MUSCLES

Question 41

how many times a healthy human breathes in per minute

Answer 41

12-16 TIMES

Question 42

which instrument is used to measure volume of air involved in breathing movements

Answer 42

SPIROMETER

Question 43

what is the volume of air inspired or expired during normal respiration

Answer 43

TIDAL VOLUME(500 ML APPROX)

Question 44

how much volume of air per minute a healthy human takes per minute

Answer 44

6000-8000 ml

Question 45

additional volume of air a person can inspire by forceful inspiration.

Answer 45

INSPIRATORY RESERVE VOLUME (ABOUT 2500-3000ML)

Question 46

additional volume of air a person can expire by forceful expiration.

Answer 46

EXPIRATORY RESERVE VOLUME (ABOUT 1000-1100ML)

Question 47

volume of air remaining in lungs even after a forcible expiration

Answer 47

RESIDUAL VOLUME(1100-1200ML)

Question 48

total volume of air a person can inspire after forceful expiration

Answer 48

INSPIRATORY CAPACITY(TV +IRV)

Question 49

total volume of air a person can expire after forceful inspiration

Answer 49

EXPIRATORY CAPACITY(TV+ERV)

Question 50

maximum volume of air a person can breathe in after a forceful expiration.

Answer 50

VITAL CAPACITY(TV+IRV+ERV)

Question 51

total volume of air accommodated in lung at the end of forced inspiration.

Answer 51

TOTAL LUNG CAPACITY(RV+ ERV+ TV+ IRV or VITAL CAPACITY +RESIDUAL VOLUME.)

Question 52

volume of air that will remain in lungs after normal expiration

Answer 52

FUNCTIONAL RESIDUAL CAPACITY(ERV+RV)

Question 53

which of the lung capacities cannot be measured by spirometer

Answer 53

RESIDUAL VOLUME,FUNCTIONAL RESIDUAL CAPACITY AND TOTAL LUNG CAPACITY (ALL OF THESE HAVE RESIDUAL VOLUME WHICH NEVER COMES OUT OF LUNGS SO CANT BE MEASURED)

Question 54

The primary sites for exchange of gases

Answer 54

ALVEOLI

Question 55

The factors that affect rate of diffusion are

Answer 55

(i) Thinness of the membrane. (ii) Surface area of the membrane. (iii) Permeability of the membrane. (iv) Solubility of the gases.

Question 56

pressure exerted by a gas in a mixture of gases

Answer 56

PARTIAL PRESSURE