Breathing Aperatus Flashcards
(40 cards)
What are the 5 components of a PPS BA set?
1- FPS face Mask
2 - Cylinder
3 - Back Plate and Harness
4 - Pneumatic System
5 - ADSU
What are the minimum crewing roles for tactical ventilation? (8)
1 - IC
2 - Pump Op
3 - BA x2
4 - ECO
5 - Fan Op
6 - Safety Observer
7 - FF on covering Jet
What is the definition of a flashover?
What are the signs and symptoms of a flashover? (4)
In a fuel controlled fire, through a combination of radiation, convection and conduction, objects absorb heat, reach their thermal capacity and begin to pyralise simultaneously. Essentially a fire in a room becoming a room on fire.
1- sudden increase in temperature
2 - lowering of neutral plane
3 - surfaces pyrolising
4 - tongues of flame in the gas layer
Name the contents of the ECO Kit
- wedges x8
- wire cutters
- ACME thunder whistle
- Emergency BA Tally
- Main Guideline Tally, A & B
- Branch Guideline Tallies 1, 2, 3, 4
- Branch Guideline Chain
- ECO Tabbard
- Comms op Tabbard
- Reversible Sector Bands x2, A, B, C, D
- Chinagraph
- Speaker mic
MORE???
Name the 3 phases of Tactical Ventilation in the HIOWFRS
1 - Post incident - After the fire has been extinguished, used to clear residual fire gasses / smoke
2 - Defensive - No direct effect on the fire. Used to clear areas and rooms other than the fire compartment. Safe working platform created.
3 - Offensive - Direct effect on the fire. Outlet is in the fire compartment, as close to the fire as possible.
What are the 4 fire phenomena’s to be aware of
- Coanda effect
- Trench effect
- Porch effect
- Wind driven fires
EXPLANATIONS
What needs to be in place for rapid deployment?
When can rapid deployment be used?
1x appliance
2x BA wearers
3x BA qualified personnel
4x crew members riding the appliance
When the casualty is in imminent danger, in a known location close to the entry point.
To prevent significant escalation of the incident with a quick action.
Limitations of stage one incidents
- No more than 6 BA wearers deployed at any given time.
- no more than 1 entry control point
- Guidelines must NOT be used
- the building should be non-complex
- the incident is unlikely to be protracted
Limitations of a stage 2 incident
- more than 6 BA wearers deployed at any one time
- more than one entry control point
- guidelines CAN be used
- complex layout
- incident likely to be protracted
- line comms CAN be used
NOTE: if any one or more of these points is met, the incident will become level 2
What conditions can BA re-entry be used?
May be required for re-entry to perform specific task after they have withdrawn from original entry, reporter to ECP and closed down sets.
- clearly defined specific task, which should not be firefighting.
- cylinder contents is min 160 bar and sufficient for specific task
- wearers are physically and psychologically capable of task
- If ALL 3 are met, team can re-enter and fresh records are requires.
NOTE: If team withdraws to collect equipment, pass messages etc. but do not remove facemasks, close down sets, or collect tallies, but continue original task in building…
… this is part of their original working duration and NOT as a RE-ENTRY
When can a single BA wearer be used? (4)
At the discretion of IC and permissible when:
- not in building or structure
- wearer tally inserted into EC board
- wearer must be able to withdraw or be removed from risk area
- wearer always in view of IC or nominated officer or crew member
What can trigger a declaration of a BA emergency? (6)
What happens once a BA emergency is declared?
- Any BA wearer who fails to return to the ECP by calculated time of whistle and cannot be contacted by any means to confirm their safety.
- an ADSU is heard
- Audible/ Visual indications suggest BA wearer appears to be on distress or I’m intent danger
- Prolonged and unexpected breakdown in comms
- At BA wearers request
- Any other worthy circumstances
Once BA emergency team is deployed, ECO must inform IC and call for replacement emergency team ASAP.
If IC is not available then a message to fire control should be sent.
‘BA emergency
Name or originator
Address
Text: ‘BA Emergency in progress’
Type: ‘ADSU sounding’’
On receipt of BA emergency message, fire control will mobilize as a minimum:
- one pump
- OET
- request attendance of ambulance service
Considerations for emergency BA teams (4)
- responsibility of ECO
- must be established at all stage 2 incidents
- minimum 2 BA wearers but at least equal to size of largest team deployed at that ECP
- Stage 1 emergency team arrangements should be appropriate to risk. Minimum 1 team per EXP
Considerations when impounding a BA set (7)
If a BA wearer suffers distress, injury or set defect, the IC must ensure the following action is taken:
- initiate action for the welfare of the wearer
- Impound the set, noting the following in either a notebook, remarks column of ECO board or on BA drawing board:
- cylinder pressure
- precise number of full turns to close the cylinder valve
- time wearer entered the incident
- time wearer left incident
- gauge reading
- visual condition of set
- any remarks made by wearer or other BA team members
Next, put set, face-mask and tally in bag with copy of notes. Seal, label and give to station manager.
What information from the BA tally is over-written on the ECB?
BA set number
What term is defined by the following description;
Used to create a safe area as the team advances in to the compartment by cooling and diluting unignited fire gases above them.
Safety
Normally a BA descending a staircase should do so individually, but on what occasion may they descend together?
Whilst rescuing a casualty
Normally a BA descending a staircase should do so individually, but on what occasion may they descend together?
Whilst rescuing a casualty
True or false…
Tactical Ventilation does not always require the use of a fan.
True
You are team leader of a BA team sent on a ground floor right hand search of a premises. On contacting a staircase on your right hand search what action should you take.
Treat the staircase as a small room and carry out a thorough search of it up to the next level and then return to searching on the ground floor.
Using a Thermal Imaging Camera a BA search and rescue team are able to identify the casualty in front. Given the enhanced visibility afforded by the device what action should be taken?
Carry on against the reference wall to a point where the casualty can be recovered and removed.
Define the 3 branch settings:
- safety
- long pulse
- painting
Safety: Used to create a safe areas as the team advances into the compartment, by cooling and diluting un-ignited fire gases
above the team.
Long pulse: Used to cool & dilute ignited fire gases, and to push them back towards the fire, allowing the team to advance into the compartment.
Painting: Applied directly onto any surfaces that are still pyrolising, to stop the pyrolosis process.
Considerations for a door safety? (4)
- Narrow cone setting
• Applied directly above the door into the un-burnt fire gases.
• Short in duration
• Used to create a safe area before entering, by cooling and diluting any fire gases that are just inside the door
What is a fog spike?
What types do we have in the fire service? (2)
Considerations when deploying a fog spike?
A lightweight, portable water mist application device designed to:
• Apply water externally into a fire compartment whilst limiting any increase in ventilation
•Reduce risk to operational crews by improving conditions in a fire compartment prior to their entry
•Provide faster and safer fire suppression, minimising fire damage
•Reduce temperatures inside compartments such as roof spaces, voids, rooms and vehicles, prior to entry
——————
Types of fog spike in the fire service:
- Attack
- Restrict
—————
When deploying consider:
•Locations that offer least resistance and where it will be most effective
•Deploy at an upward angle to effectively deal with the fire gases
•Deploying into the upper section of the fire compartment will also reduce the risk to any casualty and is less likely to encounter services
•Do not deploy through glass, as this will shatter and change the vent profile
•Consider areas between frames and brickwork
