Breathing (Topics 1-10) Flashcards
(347 cards)
How many cells do we end up with?
10^14 cells with different structure and functions
What is Homeostasis?
the ability of a cell or organism to regulate its internal conditions
What are the 7 factors that make up homeostasis?
- Nutrient molc con
- O2 and CO2 con
- Waste products con
- pH acidity
- Water, salt & electrolytes con
- Blood plasma volume and pressure
- Temperature
What are the 3 steps in coordinating a response to different organs?
- Sensory system
- Relay station
- Response system
What are the 3 different kinds of feedback systems?
- Positive
- Negative
- Feedforward
What is a positive feedback system + example?
- getting stimulus further from homeostasis
ie. Pregnancy, blood clotting
What is a negative feedback system + example?
- getting stimulus back to homeostasis
ie. Temperature controls, Breathing patterns
True or False
Feedforward relates to the anticipatory response, if true what is an example?
True, like CNS
What are the 3 keys parts to a negative feedback?
Set variable point
- Sensor
- Integrator
- Effector (adjusts and gets back to set variable point reliving the stimulus)
True or False
Set points are maintained over small ranges?
True
True or False
Set points can be reset (up or down)?
True
What is the ideal temperature for the cell?
37 degrees
How many breaths does the average person take per minutes?
12
What is the ideal pH level?
7.4
Which type of feedback system is more common?
Negative
Are negative feedback systems constant?
Yes
What is dis-regulation?
when we cannot get back to our set point
What is the main purpose of the respiratory system?
to get O2 for use by the bodies cell and to eliminate CO2 produced from the cells
What are the 2 processes of respiration?
- Internal
- External
What are the 4 steps in External respiration?
- Ventilation
- O2 and CO2 exchange between air in alveoli to blood
- Blood Transport
- O2 and CO2 exchange between blood and tissues
True or False
Oxygen and Carbon dioxide are doing the 4 steps of ventilation in opposite orders
True
What are the concentrations of O2 and CO2 when we breath air IN?
O2: 21%
CO2: 0.03%
What are the concentrations of O2 and CO2 when we breath air OUT?
O2: approx 16%, lower than 21%
CO2: 4-5%, higher than 0.03%
What do veins carry?
deoxygenated blood, carbon dioxide rich blood