Breeding Final

Question 1

Inbreeding results from mating:

Answer 1

Related individuals

Question 2

The inbreeding coefficient ranges from

Answer 2

0 to 1

Question 3

Inbreeding depression causes

Answer 3

Reduced health and reproductive capacity

Question 4

4. Genetic drift leads to

Answer 4

Permanent loss of alleles

Question 5

5. The FAO recommends a maximum inbreeding rate of

Answer 5

0.5–1%

Question 6

6. Line breeding is a form of

Answer 6

Intentional inbreeding

Question 7

7. Homozygosity increases due to

Answer 7

Inbreeding

Question 8

8. The active breeding population refers to

Answer 8

Animals producing offspring

Question 9

9. Non-random mating can

Answer 9

Temporarily reduce genetic diversity

Question 10

10. A skewed sex ratio in breeding increases

Answer 10

Rate of inbreeding

Question 11

11. Estimated Breeding Value (EBV) measures

Answer 11

Genetic potential relative to population average

Question 12

12. Mass selection is most effective for traits with

Answer 12

High heritability

Question 13

13. The Animal Model uses

Answer 13

Phenotypes of related animals

Question 14

14. Genomic selection requires

Answer 14

A reference population with genotypes/phenotypes

Question 15

uracy of EBV is indicated by

Answer 15

Correlation between EBV and true breeding value

Question 16

16. Cleaning phenotypic data removes

Answer 16

Systematic environmental biases

Question 17

17. Genomic selection is useful for

Answer 17

Traits measured late in life

Question 18

18. A high regression coefficient in EBV indicates

Answer 18

Strong genotype-phenotype linkage

Question 19

19. Sex-limited traits (e.g., milk production in males) are evaluated using

Answer 19

Progeny testing

Question 20

20. The reference population in genomic selection is

Answer 20

Genotyped/phenotyped animals

Question 21

21. Heterosis refers to

Answer 21

superior performance of crossbreds over parent average

Question 22

22. Crossbreeding exploits

Answer 22

Complementarity of breeds

Question 23

23. Dominance explains heterosis because:

Answer 23

Heterozygotes outperform homozygotes

Question 24

24. A breed is defined by

Answer 24

Common ancestry/selection history

Question 25

25. Crossbreeding improves traits with

Answer 25

Low heritability (e.g., fertility)

Question 26

26. Commercial pig breeding uses crossbreeding to

Answer 26

Combine litter size and growth rate

Question 27

27. Heterosis is maximized when parent breeds are

Answer 27

Homozygous for different alleles

Question 28

28. Crossbreeding protects genetic improvement by

Answer 28

Selling only crossbred offspring

Question 29

29. Negative recessive alleles are masked in crossbreds due to

Answer 29

Heterozygosity

Question 30

30. A crossbred’s performance exceeds parent average due to

Answer 30

Heterosis

Question 31

31. AI (Artificial Insemination) allows:

Answer 31

One male to fertilize thousands of females

Question 32

32. Embryo Transfer (ET) increases

Answer 32

Number of offspring from elite females

Question 33

33. Sexed semen is used to

Answer 33

Control offspring gender

Question 34

34. Cloning via SCNT involves:

Answer 34

Replacing an egg’s nucleus with a somatic cell nucleus

Question 35

35. DNA fingerprinting identifies

Answer 35

Individual animals/parentage

Question 36

36. Marker-assisted selection targets

Answer 36

Specific genes/QTLs

Question 37

37. Gene transfer can:

Answer 37

Create transgenic animals

Question 38

38. ET is safer than AI for international germplasm exchange because:

Answer 38

Embryos harbor fewer pathogens

Question 39

39. A key benefit of genomic selection is:

Answer 39

Predicting EBVs in young animals