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Small Animal Theriogenology > Breeding Management > Flashcards

Breeding Management Flashcards

1
Q

How long is the interestrus interval in the bitch?

A

4-12 months

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2
Q

What is unique about a dog’s oocytes and ovulation timing?

A

Ovulate primary oocytes, can’t be fertilized until secondary oocytes

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3
Q

How often do cats cycle?

A

Every 18-21 days (like sheep & goats); they are induced ovulators and seasonally polyestrus

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4
Q

How is Brucella canis transmitted?

A

Mucous membranes, vaginal, urine, abortal, & seminal fluids

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5
Q

Why do bitches with brucellosis abort their pregnancy?

A

Due to placentitis

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6
Q

What effect does Brucella canis have on the stud dog?

A

Can cause orchitis/epididymitis

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7
Q

What is the gold standard test for Brucella canis in breeding animals?

A

Cornell Multiplex Test

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8
Q

If you send a Brucella canis test to Idexx, are they using the gold standard test?

A

No, they are using IFA which is okay but not the best; not the same test as Cornell Multiplex

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9
Q

What 4 things must semen evaluation include?

A
  1. Color, clarity
  2. Total & progressive motility
  3. Morphology**
  4. Concentration
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10
Q

What is considered one semen dose of small breed dogs?

A

100-150 million

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11
Q

What is considered one semen dose of large breed dogs?

A

200 million

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12
Q

If you see blood in your seminal fluid collection, what could it indicate?

A

A problem with the prostate (BPH, prostatitis) or defect on penis (often frank blood)

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13
Q

If you have white blood cells in your seminal fluid, what is that indicative of?

A

Prostatitis

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14
Q

Is the patient clinically well with prostatitis? What about if they have BPH?

A

Sick with prostatitis, normal with BPH

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15
Q

For breeding management, you should start counting on day 1, which is indicated by what?

A

First day of vulvar discharge

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16
Q

Once you identify the first day of standing estrus in the bitch, how often should you breed her?

A

Every 2-3 days until she no longer stands

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17
Q

T/F: The more breedings you can get, the more likely you are to cause ovulation & have a full litter.

A

T, the same applies to cats

18
Q

T/F: The rate at which progesterone rises is the rate at which oocytes mature.

A

T

19
Q

Match the following progesterone levels to the stage in cycle:
2ng/ml

A) No luteal tissue present
B) LH peak
C) Ovulation
D) Diestrual phase

A

B

20
Q

Match the following progesterone levels to the stage in cycle:
<1ng/ml

A) No luteal tissue present
B) LH peak
C) Ovulation
D) Diestrual phase

A

A

21
Q

Match the following progesterone level to the stage in cycle:
5ng/ml

A) No luteal tissue present
B) LH peak
C) Ovulation
D) Diestrual phase

A

C; range is 3-10ng/ml

22
Q

Match the following progesterone level to the stage in cycle:
>25ng/ml

A) No luteal tissue present
B) LH peak
C) Ovulation
D) Diestrual phase

A

D

23
Q

How long after the LH surge will ovulation occur?

A

~48-72 hours post LH surge

24
Q

What is the lifespan of oocytes?

A

4-6 days

25
Q

When should you start progesterone testing & how often should you test?

A

Start of day 5-7 of cycle & retest every other day

26
Q

What does vaginal cytology tell us?

A

Tells us if she is under the influence of estrogen and if there is evidence of inflammation

27
Q

T/F: Cytology tells us when the bitch will ovulate.

A

F, it has nothing to do with ovulation

28
Q

How long does fresh semen last? What about shipped chilled & frozen semen?

A

Fresh & shipped chilled semen last 5-7 days

Frozen lasts 12-24 hours, if lucky

29
Q

If you plan to inseminate with frozen semen, you need to inseminate on the most fertile days. Which is?

A

3-4 days post ovulation or 5-7 days post LH peak

30
Q

T/F: If you collect semen on a Saturday, it should still be okay by Monday.

A

F; it is better to inseminate on a Saturday and reinforce on a Tuesday.

31
Q

What type of semen can you use if doing vaginal artificial insemination?

A

Fresh or shipped-chilled

32
Q

If you are performing vaginal AI, where are you putting the semen?

A

As close to the cervix in the cranial vagina

33
Q

What type of semen can be used for trans-cervical AI?

A

Fresh, shipped-chilled, or frozen

34
Q

Where is the semen placed when performing trans-cervical AI?

A

Directly in the uterus

35
Q

What are the only cases in which surgical AI would be used?

A

Infertility of the bitch in a specialist’s hands

36
Q

Why is TCI a better option for artificial insemination instead of surgical AI?

A

Because surgical AI is invasive & not necessary because TCI is less invasive & has the same success rates

37
Q

How many days post-ovulation will a bitch whelp?

A

63 days

38
Q

How many days post-LH peak will a bitch whelp?

A

65 days

39
Q

How many days post-diestral shift on cytology will a bitch whelp?

A

57 days

40
Q

If you have performed progesterone testing in a bitch but have missed her LH peak, is it okay to still proceed with insemination?

A

It’s not a big deal if using fresh or shipped-chilled semen, but it’s not okay if using frozen semen.

41
Q

How do you calculate total normal motile sperm?

A

(Total sperm) x (% normal morphology) x (% motile)

42
Q

Typically, the more inseminations performed over a wider range of days that you put semen in, the better off you will be. What type of semen does this NOT apply to?

A

Frozen semen - doesn’t make a difference how many inseminations are performed; you would only be wasting money and valuable semen

Small Animal Theriogenology (9 decks)

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