Breeds Flashcards
(148 cards)
1
Q
6 breeds that make up 3/4 of the sheep industry
A
- Delaine Merino
- Hampshire
- Rambouillet
- Romney
- Southdown
- Suffolk
2
Q
What are the 7 ram breeds? Which are most popular?
A
- Hampshire
- Suffolk
- Shropshire
- Oxford
- Cheviot
- Montadale
- Southdown
- Hampshire
- Suffolk
3
Q
What are the 5 dual-purpose breeds?
A
- Columbia
- Dorset
- Dorper
- Lincoln
- Romney
4
Q
What are the 12 ewe breeds?
A
- Merino
- Rambouillet
- Tunis
- Debouillet
- Corriedale
- Targhee
- Finnsheep
- Border Leister
- Polypay
- Panama
- Katahdin
- Romanov
5
Q
Characteristics of ewe breeds (7)
A
- Prolificacy
- Wool
- Milking
- Fertility
- Adaptability
- Medium size
- Hardiness
6
Q
A nonpurebred animal resembling and having the majority of its genetics from one breed
A
Grade
7
Q
An animal sired by a male of one breed and out of a dam of another breed
A
Crossbred
8
Q
An animal whose sire and dam are of the same breed and their ancestors were of the same breed also
A
Purebred
9
Q
A group of animals of common origin that have certain distinguishing characteristics and are capable of transmitting these characteristics to their offspring in a uniform manner
A
Breed
10
Q
An ideal or standard of perfection, including all the characteristics of an animal that makes it better suited for a specific purpose or use
A
Type
11
Q
35-40% of U.S. sheep are
A
Fine wool breeds
12
Q
Advantages of fine wool breeds (3)
A
- Adaptable to hot/cold climates
- Breed throughout the year
- Great flocking instinct
13
Q
Disadvantages of fine wool breeds (4)
A
- Slow growth
- Light muscling
- Excessive hoof growth in wet areas
- Fleece rot in wet areas
14
Q
5 Hair Type breeds
A
Barbados Blackbelly
Dorper
White Dorper
Katahdin
St. Croix
15
Q
9 Meat type breeds
A
- Hampshire
- Suffolk
- Southdown
- Shropshire
- Dorset
- Cheviot
- Montadale
- Oxford
- Texel
16
Q
Long Wool Breeds (5)
A
Romney
Lincoln
Cotswold
Leicester
Finn
17
Q
Advantages of long wool breeds (4)
A
- Large size (Lincoln - biggest; Romney - smallest)
- Fast growing lambs
- Milking ability
- Adapted to high rainfall
18
Q
Disadvantages of Long wool breeds (2)
A
- NOT heat-tolerant
- Low quality wool
19
Q
Medium Wool Breeds (8)
PPRTECCT
A
- Columbia
- Corriedale
- Targhee
- Panama
- Polypay
- Romanov
- Tunis
- East Friesian
20
Q
Fine Wool Breeds (5)
A
- Rambouillet
- Merino
- Cormo
- Debouillet
- Booroola Merino
21
Q
Merinos originated in _____.
A
Spain
22
Q
Facts about Merino (4)
- Size
- Wool grade
- Shrinkage
- Prolificacy
A
- Fairly upstanding (but less than Rambouillet); Small frame size
- Fine wool grade
- 45-65% shrinkage
- Prolificacy: 115-120%
23
Q
Disadvantages of Merinos (3)
A
- Slow growth
- Small
- Poor carcass traits
24
Q
A
Merino
Wrinkles on chest
25
Rambouillet originated in \_\_\_\_\_
France
26
Facts about Rambouillet (5)
1. Size
2. Type
3. Grade
4. Prolificacy
5. Shrinkage
1. Heavy boned and Medium-sized
2. Fair meat type
3. Fine wool grade
4. Prolificacy - 125%
5. 55-60% shrinkage
27
Disadvantages of Rambouillet (3)
1. Wrinkles cause shearing problems
2. Poor milkage
3. High % shrinkage
28
Rambouillet
29
This breed originated in Wyoming.
Columbia
30
This breed is Lincoln x Ramboillet
Columbia
31
Breeds used in development of Polypay
Origination of Polypay
1/4 Rambouillet
1/4 Dorset
1/4 Finn
1/4 Targhee
Dubois, Idaho
32
Known as a "breed for inter-mountain states"
Columbia
33
Facts about Columbia
1. Shrinkage
2. Blood grade
1. 1/4 to 1/2 blood wool
2. 45-55% shrinkage
34
The Columbia is selected for 3 reasons
1. Size
2. Prolificacy
3. Wool weight
35
What are 3 disadvantages of Columbias?
1. Seasonal breeders
2. Lack fleece uniformity
3. Adapted to wet conditions
36
Columbia
Long legs, large frame
37
This breed originated in New Zealand.
Lincoln x Merino
Corriedale
38
The Corriedale is a _____ sheep.
Dual-purpose
39
The strongest feature of the Corriedale is \_\_\_\_\_.
Wool
40
What is one disadvantage of the Corriedale?
Seasonal breeder
41
What is the prolificacy of the Corriedale?
125%
42
Corriedale
\*Black nose and hooves\*
Smaller ears
43
This breed originated in Dubois, Idaho
Corriedale x Columbia
Targhee
44
Describe wool of a Targhee
1. Blood grade
2. in/yr
3. lb/yr
4. Shrinkage
Fine to 1/2 blood
2 - 4 1/2 in/yr
9-14 lb/yr
45-50% shrinkage
45
Prolificacy of Targhees
150%
46
Disadvantage of the Targhee
Slow growth
47
Targhee
White face, small ears, angular, **short legs**, wool on face and legs, medium-sized
48
Describe wool of a Polypay
1. Blood grade
2. in/yr
3. lb-yr
3/8 - 1/2 blood
3-5 in/yr
6-10 lb/yr
49
What's the prolificacy rate of Polypays?
180-200%
50
What are 2 disadvantages of Polypays?
Slow growth and carcass quality
51
What are two advantages of Polypays?
Prolificacy and mothering ability
52
What are two advantages of the Columbia?
Gregarious and adapted to arid conditions
53
Polypay
**Angular**, small bones
**White** face, face free of wool, wool cap and wool on legs, erect ears
54
What are 5 advantages of the Targhee?
1. Gregarious
2. Out-of-season breeder
3. Hardy
4. High quality wool
5. 150% prolificacy
55
Border Leicester
**Roman nose, erect ears**, both sexes polled, bold head
56
Cotswold
Polled, white to silvery grey
**White face**, lack of wool on forehead and face
Wool on legs
**Dark pigmentation on skin of nose, inside ears and on hooves**
57
This sheep originated in Finland and moved to the US in \_\_\_\_\_
1968
Finnsheep
58
This breed has slightly higher quality than other long wool breeds
Finnsheep
59
Describe the wool of Finnsheep
1. Blood grade
2. in/yr
3. lb/yr
1/4 - 1/2 blood
2-6 in/yr
4-8 lb/yr
60
Prolificacy of Finnsheep
200-250%
61
What are 3 disadvantages of Finnsheep?
Carcass quality, slow growth
Out-of-season breeding
Not heat resistant
62
What is an advantage of the Finnsheep?
Prolificacy
63
Finnsheep
**Head has no wool** and is long
Angular, small-bodied
**White** face
Face and l**egs free of wool**
Small, semi-erect ears
64
This breed originated in England
It's the oldest meat type breed
Southdown
65
Describe the wool of Southdowns
Blood grade
lb/yr
1/2 - 3/8 blood
\*Finest of meat breeds\*
5-7 lb/yr
66
Prolificacy of Southdowns
115-125%
67
What are 3 disadvantages of Southdowns?
Mothering ability and dystocia
Early maturing lambs
68
What are 2 advantages of Southdowns?
Carcass quality
Longevity
69
Southdown
**Mousy gray to light brown face ears and legs**
**Short body and legs**, small frame
Wool on legs, tufts of wool on ears, short faces
Both sexes polled
70
This breed originated in Shropshire, England.....
Shropshire
71
The Shropshire is a _____ breed
Dual-purpose
72
Best shearers of meat type breeds
Shropshire
73
Describe the wool of Shropshires
1. lb/yr
2. in/yr
3. Blood grade
10-11 lb/yr
2 1/2 - 3 in/yr
1/2 - 3/8 blood
74
Prolificacy of Shropshires
150-175%
75
What are 2 disadvantages of Shropshires?
Early maturing and black fibers
76
Shropshire
Thick-bodied, heavy-boned (Can produce good meat and wool by eating pasture)
Medium-sized
Polled, **dark brown/black**, wool on legs, knees and hocks
77
This breed originated in Hampshire Co, England....
Hampshire
78
Hampshires are known for \_\_\_\_\_
Rapid lamb growth
79
Breeds used in development of Hampshire
Crossbred: Wilkshire x Beckshire x Knot x Southdown x Cotswold
80
The Hampshire is the most ideal _____ breed
Meat-type
81
The Hampshire is the most \_\_\_\_\_.
Heavily muscled
82
Describe the wool of Hampshires
1. lb/yr
2. in/yr
3. Blood grade
7-8 lb/yr
2 - 2 1/2 in/yr
3/8 to 1/4 blood
Black fibers
83
What are 3 disadvantages of Hampshires?
Gregarious
Out-of-season breeder
Dystocia
84
What are 2 advantages of Hampshires?
Growth and carcass quality
85
Hampshire
**Black** face, legs and ears
Wool on legs to knees and hocks, **wool cap**, **ears horizontal**
Polled
86
Horned Dorset (Polled)
Low set, low behind shoulder
Medium-sized
**White faces, ears and legs**
**No wool on faces, ears or legs**
Wool cap
87
Describe the wool of Horned/Polled Dorsets
1. lb/yr
2. in/yr
3. Blood grade
7-8 lb/yr
3-4 in/yr
3/8 to 1/4 blood
88
Prolificacy of Horned/Polled Dorsets
150-175%
89
Disadvantages of Horned/Polled Dorsets
Light fleece, poor rustlers
Earlier maturing than Hamp and Suffolk
90
This breed originated in Dorset, England.
Horned Dorset
91
The breed originated in NC State University in 1947
Polled Dorset
92
This breed originated in Suffolk Co, England
Suffolk
93
Describe the wool of Suffolks
1. lb/yr
2. in/yr
3. Blood grade
6-7 lb/yr
2 - 2 1/2 in/yr
1/2 - 1/4 blood
Black fibers
94
Advantages of Suffolk
Rapid lamb growth
Late maturing lambs
95
Prolificacy of Suffolks
140-170%
96
Disadvantages of Suffolks
Mothering ability
Gregarious
97
Suffolk
**No wool on legs, head, ears**
**Large ears**
**Black** face, ears and legs
Polled
Long neck and face and muzzle
Large size
98
Katahdin (long tail)
99
Cheviot
100
Romney
## Footnote
**Long wool that grows over legs in full**
101
Oxford
Legs **covered** in white wool
102
Finnish Landrace
103
White Dorper
104
Ryeland
Blocky and short
105
Lincoln
Longest of long wool
Kind of twists at ends (like dreadlocks)
106
The Lincoln is what wool type and/or purpose?
Long wool
Dual
107
The Suffolk is what wool type and/or purpose?
Meat-type
Ram breed
108
The Hampshire is what wool type and/or purpose?
Meat-type
Ram breed
109
The Columbia is what wool type and/or purpose?
Medium wool
Dual purpose
110
The Polypay is what wool type and/or purpose?
Medium wool
Ewe breed
111
The Ramboillet is what wool type and/or purpose?
Fine wool
Ewe breed
112
The White Dorper is what wool type and/or purpose?
Hair breed
Meat-type
Dual purpose
113
The Polled Dorset is what wool type and/or purpose?
Medium wool
Meat-type
Dual purpose
114
What's an advantage of the Romney?
Adapted to wet conditions
115
What are 2 disadvantages of the Romney?
Carcass quality
Out-of-season breeding
116
Which breed produces the highest grade of wool on a blood grade basis?
Southdown
117
Which breed is the best shearer (quality and quantity) of the meat-type breeds?
Shropshire
118
If your production objective is to produce 120-lb slaughter lambs at 3-5 mo of age, which RAM breed will you choose?
Hampshire
119
If you want medium-sized (at maturity), white-faced crossbred replacement ewes born in Polypay ewes, which RAM should be used to sire these replacements?
Polled Dorset
120
All the meat type breeds originated from the...
Southdown
121
More sheep in the US carry this breeding than any other
Ramboillet
122
Which breed was developed from a Lincoln ram and Merino ewe?
Corriedale
123
Which breed is a 3/4 fine wool 1/4 long wool?
Targhee
124
3 statements when describing long wool breeds
They have low prolificacy rates
Slow growth than meat type
More adapted to higher rainfall
125
Which breed is the most prolific?
Polled Dorset
Shropshire
Suffolk
Polypay
Polypay
126
Fewest lambing problems, from dystocia, are encountered in...
Shropshire
Suffolk
Hampshire
Polled Dorset
Shropshire
127
Which breed is the most gregarious?
Targhee
Ramboillet
Merino
Polypay
Merino
128
Romanov
129
Tunis
130
Montadale
**Black nose** with **White hair**
131
Debouillet
132
Which 5 breeds have the best Shrink rate?
1. merino
2. rambouillet
3. debouillet
4. corriedale
5. targhee
\*Notice the top 3 are fine wool breeds
133
Which 3 breeds have the best growth rate?
1. Suffolk
2. Hampshire
3. Columbia
134
Which 3 breeds have the worst growth rate?
1. Polypay
2. Romney
3. Lincoln
135
Which 3 breeds have the best breed hardiness?
1. Merino
2. Rambouillet
3. Debouillet
Fine wool breeds
136
Which 3 breeds have the best fleece quaility?
1. merino
2. rambouillet
3. debouillet
\*Notice these are fine wool breeds
137
Which 3 breeds have the most gregariousness?
1. Merino
2. Rambouillet
3. Debouillet
Fine wool breeds
138
Which 3 breeds have the best fleece rates?
1. Lincoln
2. Columbia
3. Merino
139
Which 3 breeds have the best prolificacy?
1. Finnsheep
2. Polypay
3. Suffolk
140
Which 3 breeds have the worst milking ability?
1. Merino
2. Rambouillet
3. Debouillet
Fine wool breeds
141
Which 4 breeds have the best milking ability?
1. Finnsheep
2. Dorset
3. Suffolk
4. Hampshire
142
Which breed has contributed most to the world-wide sheep industry?
Merino
143
What months are consider out of season?
January 15th - August 1st
144
Texel
**Black nose and hooves**
Short faces
No wool on face or legs
145
Barbados Blackbelly
146
St. Croix
1 of 5 hair types
147
Scottish Blackface
148
Describe the wool quality of the Corriedale
1. lb/yr
2. Blood grade
3. in/yr
4. Shrinkage
10-17 lb/yr
1/4 - 1/2 blood
3 1/2 in/year
40-50% shrinkage
