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Cadetship > Bridge Management - Ship's Compass > Flashcards

Bridge Management - Ship's Compass Flashcards

1
Q

Which SOLAS chapter and regulation and MGN details the carriage requirements for ships compass?

A

SOLAS chapter V, regulation 19 and MGN 610

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2
Q

What gross tonnage vessels are required to carry a gyro compass?

A

More than 500gt

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3
Q

When should the magnetic compass be adjusted? (5)

A

When the ship is built
The ship undergoes structural repairs/modification that could affect compass
Electronic equipment is added/removed that could affect the compass
The compass becomes unreliable
Every 2 years except when regular compass errors are taken

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4
Q

What is Variation?

A

Difference between Magnetic North and True North (Earth’s magnetic field)

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5
Q

What is Magnetic dip?

A

The angle that the earths field makes with the horizontal

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6
Q

What is Directive Force?

A

The desire of the compass needle to align itself with the earth’s magnetic field

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7
Q

What is Hard Iron (Permanent Magnetism)?

A

Not readily magnetised but will be permanently magnetised after magnetism influence removed

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8
Q

What is deviation?

A

Difference between Compass North and Magnetic North (Magnetic influence of the ship’s structure)

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9
Q

What is Soft Iron (Induced Magnetism)?

A

Readily magnetised but will lose magnetism after magnetism influence removed

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10
Q

What is Force P?

A

The fore and aft component of the ship’s permanent magnetism

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11
Q

What is Force Q?

A

The athwartships component of the ship’s permanent magnetism

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12
Q

What is Force R?

A

The vertical component of the ships permanent magnetism

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13
Q

What is the purpose of the binnacle?

A

Houses the ship’s compass

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14
Q

What is the binnacle made of?

A

Non-magnetic materials that will not corrode, traditionally wood and brass although contemporary binnacles made of fibreglass

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15
Q

Where is the binnacle located?

A

The vessels centreline, clear of sources of interference

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16
Q

Which way does the magnetic field run?

A

Out of the red and into the blue

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17
Q

What happens when two identical poles are offered up to one another?

A

They repel

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18
Q

What happens when two opposite poles are offered up to one another?

A

They attract

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19
Q

Where does the compass needle point to?

A

Magnetic North

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20
Q

What happens to H and Z at the magnetic equator?

A

Z is at it’s smallest, H is at its largest

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21
Q

What happens to H and Z at the magnetic poles?

A

Z is at it’s largest, H is at it’s smallest

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22
Q

What happens to directive force if H decreases?

A

Directive force will decrease

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23
Q

What happens to directive force if H increases?

A

Directive force will increase

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24
Q

What do we call it when directive force is weak?

A

Sloppy

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25
Q

Where is directive force the strongest and the compass therefore the steadiest?

A

Magnetic Equator

26
Q

What happens to deviation as Latitude increases?

A

Deviation also increases

27
Q

What is used to correct permanent magnetism (hard iron)?

A

Hard Iron Correctors (HIC) which are permanent magnets

28
Q

What is used to correct induced magnetism (soft iron)?

A

Flinders bar and Spheres

29
Q

How do you know if it is +P or -P?

A

+P is a blue bow, -P is a red bow

30
Q

How do you know if it is +Q or -Q?

A

+Q is a blue starboard side. -Q is a red starboard side

31
Q

When is a soft iron bar magnetised to its greatest extent?

A

When it lies North/South

32
Q

What are the three types of soft iron onboard?

A

Vertical Soft Iron (VSI)
Fore & Aft Horizontal Soft Iron (HSI)
Athwartships Horizontal Soft Iron (HSI)

33
Q

What component of the earth’s magnetic field is VSI induced by?

A

Vertical component of earth’s magnetic field (Z)

34
Q

What component of the earth’s magnetic field is HSI induced by?

A

Horizontal component of earth’s magnetic field (H)

35
Q

What is ‘a rod’?

A

Lie fore/aft, act fore/aft

36
Q

What is ‘c rod’?

A

Lie vertical, act fore/aft

37
Q

what is ‘e rod’?

A

Lie athwartships, act athwartships

38
Q

What is ‘k rod’?

A

Lie vertical, act vertically

39
Q

What causes coefficient B?

A

Force P and c rod

40
Q

What causes coefficient C?

A

Force Q and f rod

41
Q

What causes coefficient D?

A

a and e rod

42
Q

What can be used to correct coefficient B?

A

Fore/aft magnets and flinders bar

43
Q

What can be used to correct coefficient C?

A

Athwartships magnets and flinders bar

44
Q

What can be used to correct coefficient D?

A

Spheres

45
Q

On what heading would you correct Coefficient B?

A

East or West

46
Q

On what heading would you correct Coefficient C?

A

North or South

47
Q

On what heading would you correct Coefficient D?

A

Inter-cardinal headings

48
Q

When is Coefficient D +D?

A

When it results in an easterly deviation when heading North East

49
Q

When is Coefficient D -D?

A

When it results in an westerly deviation when heading North East

50
Q

What is Heeling Error?

A

The difference between a vessel’s deviation when upright and when heeled on the same heading

51
Q

What is used to correct Heeling Error?

A

Permanent vertical magnets

52
Q

What is ship’s multiplier?

A

Difference between directional force at the ship’s position and the directional force ashore

53
Q

What headings is heeling error maximum on?

A

North / South

54
Q

What headings is heeling error zero on?

A

East / West

55
Q

What is gyroscopic inertia?

A

The gyroscope resists any attempt to move it, it remains fixed in the rotor and axel whilst the gimbal frame moves around the gyro

56
Q

What is azimuth?

A

The angle the axel makes with the meridian

57
Q

What is altitude?

A

The angle the axis makes with the horizon

58
Q

What is drift?

A

The change in azimuth, drifts east in northern hemisphere and west in southern hemisphere

59
Q

Where is drift maximum?

A

The poles

60
Q

Where is drift 0?

A

The equator

61
Q

What is tilt?

A

The change in altitude, tilts upwards in east and downwards in west

62
Q

What is tilt affected by?

A

Tilt is dependent on latitude, maximum at the equator, 0 at the poles. Tilt is also dependent on azimuth, maximum on E/W, 0 on N/S

Cadetship (16 decks)

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