Brief definitions of Theories

Question 1

Define Cartesian Dualism

Answer 1

• 2 Separate Substances (Mental & Physical)

- Mental & physical intertwine with one another

Question 2

Define Logical Behaviourism

Answer 2

Mental events are reducible to behavioural states

Question 3

Define Type Identity Theory

Answer 3

Mental events are identical to the neurological activity within the brain

Question 4

Define Anomalous Monism

Answer 4

Mental states supervene upon the physical brain; reasons are the causes of actions. Mental states cause actions, albeit only under their physical descriptions

Question 5

Define Functionalism

Answer 5

• Mental states are to be defined by their causal role mediating inputs and outputs.
• Logically linked to behaviour but not reducible to it

Question 6

Define Biological Naturalism

Answer 6

We cannot reduce mental states, nor eliminate them, nor can they be immaterial. Rather the mind is a higher order property emerging from the micro features of
the brain and so has a causal influence on our bodies and behaviour.

Question 7

Define Eliminative Materialism

Answer 7

• Reductive

- There are NO mental properties, we have just developed a folk psychology

Question 8

Property Dualism

Answer 8

1 Substance with 2 properties