Bronchodilators Flashcards
What are characteristics of COPD and asthma?
*inflamed endothelial lining of smooth muscle of airways
*increased mucus production (COPD)
*shortness of breath
*persistent cough
*wheeze
What are examples of relievers?
Short acting b2 agonists
- salbutamol
-terbutaline
Muscarinic M3 antagonists
-tiotropium bromide
-ipratropium bromide
What are examples of controllers?
Long acting b2 agonists
-salmeterol
- fomoterol
What is the MOA of B2 agonists?
*B2 agonist binds to B2 receptor (GPCR)
*adenylate cyclase activated
*enhances ATP to cAMP conversion
*increased cAMP means activated PKA downstream signals
*smooth muscle relaxes
Where are B2 receptors found?
Sympathetic nerves of bronchiole smooth muscle
What is the MOA of muscarinic antagonists?
Block AcH binding to M3 receptors
What do methylxanthines ?
*bronchodilate
*anti inflammatory
What is methylxanthine MOA?
Similar to b2 agonists
*inhibits phosphodiesterase
*increased cAMP
*increased PKA and activation of downstream signalling
*relaxation
What is an example of a methylxanthine?
Theophylline- oral, SR or immediate
How do leukotriene receptor antagonists work?
*block production of leukotrienes
*product of inflammatory response (ecosanoid)
*reduces inflammation
What is an example of leukotriene receptor antagonist?
Montelukast- preventer, oral, long term
What is an example of LAMA?
Tiotropium
What is another example of an anti muscarinic?
Atropine
What are presents?
Corticosteroids- oral and ICS
Leukotriene receptor antagonists- Montelukast
