Bryony Flashcards
(12 cards)
Tandem Schedules of Reinforcement
Has two or more basic schedule requirements that occur successively, but there is no discriminative stimulus for each schedule.
Motivating Operations
An environmental variable that:
a) alters (increases or decreases) the reinforcing or punishing effectiveness of some stimulus, object or event, AND
b) alters (increases or decreases) the current frequency of ALL behaviour that has been reinforced or punished by that stimulus, object or event.
Establishing Operations
A motivating operation that establishes (increases) the effectiveness of some stimulus, object or event as a reinforcer.
Abolishing Operations
An MO that decreases the reinforcing effectiveness of a stimulus, object or event.
Evocative Effect
An increase in the current frequency of behaviour that has been reinforced by the stimulus that is increased in reinforcing effectiveness by the same MO.
E.g. Food deprivation EVOKES behaviour that has been reinforced by food.
Abative Effect
A decrease in the current frequency of behaviour that has been reinforced by the stimulus that is increased in reinforcing effectiveness by the same MO.
Unconditioned Motivating Operation (UMO)
An MO that’s value-altering effect does not depend on a learning history.
Conditioned Motivating Operation (CMO)
An MO that’s value-altering effect DOES depend on a learning history.
Surrogate CMO (CMO-S)
A stimulus that, by pairing with a UMO, will become capable of the same value-altering & behaviour altering-effects as that UMO.
Transitive CMO (CMO-T)
A stimulus that makes another stimulus effective as reinforcement, rather than altering itself.
Reflexive CMO (CMO-R)
A stimulus that alters a relation to itself, i.e. makes its own removal effective as reinforcement.
Contingency-Shaped Behaviour
Behaviour that has been shaped by its consequences, i.e. via direct exposure to reinforcement contingencies.
