BS202 Midterm pt3

Question 1

how do you find the McBurney point? For what?

Answer 1

to help diagnose appendicitus find the McBurney point - which is located in th right lower quadrant of the abdomen about a third of the way along a line from the right anterior superior iliac spine to the umbilicus

Question 2

Liver consists of

Answer 2

two lobes separated by the falciform ligament

Question 3

Right lobe consists of 3 parts

Answer 3

right lobe proper, caudate lobe, & quadrate lobe

Question 4

Common bile duct

Answer 4

hepatic duct merges with the cystic duct to form the common bile duct, opens into the duodenum

Question 5

location of the major duodenal papilla

Answer 5

7-10 cm below the pyloric opening from the stomach

Question 6

function of the gall bladder

Answer 6

stores bile, concentrates bile fivefold to tenfold, contracts and ejects bile into the duodenum

Question 7

Pancreas size

Answer 7

12- 15 cm / 60 gr

Question 8

pancreas location

Answer 8

runs from the duodenum, behind the stomach, touching the spleen

Question 9

pancreas structure

Answer 9

composed of endocrine and exocrine glandular tissue; resembles a fish - head, c shaped neck, and tail

Question 10

functions of the pancreas

Answer 10

exocrine pancreatic cells (acinar units) secrete digestive enzymes (pancreatic juices), beta cells secrete insulin, Alpha (endocrine) cells secrete glucagon

Question 11

Digestion

Answer 11

breakdown of complex nutrients into simple nutrient

1) mechanical digestion - physicaly breaks large chunks into small bits,
2) chemical digestion- breaks molecules apart

Question 12

Absorbtion

Answer 12

movement of nutrients through the GI mucosa into the internal enviroment

Question 13

Hydrolysis

Answer 13

is a chemical process in which a compound unites with water and then spilts into simpler compounds

Question 14

Substances in Gastric juice

Answer 14

Pepsin, Hydrochloric acid, Intrinsic factor, mucus & water

Question 15

Substances in Pancreatic juice

Answer 15

Proteases {(trypsin, chymotrypsin, colagenase, elastase,etc) proteins}, lipases {(lipse, phospholipase, etc) lipids}, Colipase, Nucleases, amylase, water, mucus, sodium bicarbonte

Question 16

Substances in saliva

Answer 16

mucus, amylase, sodium bicarbonate, water

Question 17

subtance in bile

Answer 17

leithin, bile salts, sodium bicarbonate, cholesterol, products of detoxification, bilirubin (bile pigments), mucus & water

Question 18

Chief cells/ zymogenic cells

Answer 18

secrete the pepsin enzymes in gastric juice

Question 19

pepsin

Answer 19

primary among the gastric enzymes

Question 20

pepsinogen is coverted to? By?

Answer 20

Pepsinogen is converted into pepsin by hydrochloric acid (HCI)

Question 21

Fat soluble vitamins

Answer 21

A, D, E, & K

Question 22

Peristalis

Answer 22

one type of mobility produced by smooth muscle; a wavelike ripple of the muscle layer of a hallow organ

Question 23

Segmentation

Answer 23

the other type of mobility produced by smooth muscle; a mixing movement; occurs when digestive reflexes cause a forward & backward movement w/in a single region or segment of the GI tract

Question 24

Whole blood constitutes about what of total body weight?

Answer 24

8% of body weight

Question 25

What percent is plasma and formed element of blood?

Answer 25

55% is plasma, 45% is formed element

Question 26

litres a female has of blood?

Answer 26

4-5 litres

Question 27

litres a male has of blood?

Answer 27

5-6 litres

Question 28

formed elements of blood

Answer 28

Red blood cells (RBC)(erythrocytes), White blood cells (WBC) (leukocytes), platelets (thrombocytes)