BSS

Question 1

define social support

Answer 1

the perceived comfort, caring, esteem or help received by others

Question 2

what does social support influence, what hypothesis does this belong to

Answer 2

stress buffering hypothesis
how we perceive and respond to stress,
significantly reduces the impact of stress

Question 3

what are the types of support

Answer 3

esteem support
support
comanionship
instrumental support

Question 4

what is esteem support

Answer 4

self esteem increased by others

Question 5

what is support support

Answer 5

avaliability of others to offer advice

Question 6

what is companionship support

Answer 6

support through activities

Question 7

what is instrumental support

Answer 7

physical help

Question 8

what is social comparison

Answer 8

when you compare yourself to others duh

Question 9

when you have lots of social support you are said to have?

Answer 9

high social capital

Question 10

what is the biopsychosocial model

Answer 10

a philosophy of clinical care and a practical clinical guide

a way of understanding how suffering, disease and illness are affected by multiple levels of organisation- molecular to social

a way of understanding the subjective patient experience

developed by Engler to take all factors behind health into account

Question 11

example of things to think about for the bio of biopsychosocial model

Answer 11

age
gender
genetics
physical health

Question 12

things to think about for the psycho of biopsychosocial models

Answer 12

mental health
beliefs and attitudes
memory
knowledge
coping strategies

Question 13

things to think about for the social of the biopsychosocial model

Answer 13

social support
education
socioeconomic status
relationships

Question 14

what are the social determinants of health and what are they shaped by

Answer 14

social determinants of health are the conditions in which people are born, grow, live, includes the health system

shaped by distribution of money, power, resources as influenced by policy choices

Question 15

social determinants impact on health

Answer 15

social determinants of health mostly responsible for health inequities

Question 16

what are some wider determinants of health

Answer 16

individual lifestyle
social and community networks
living and working conditions
general socioeconomic, cultural, environmental conditions

Question 17

what is culture and what is it not interchangeable for

Answer 17

culture is the learned and shared behaviour of a community of interacting humans

it is not the same as race or ethnicity

Question 18

what is the prevention paradox

Answer 18

a preventative measure that brings large benefits to the community, offers little to each individual

Question 19

what is the inverse care law

Answer 19

availability of good medical care tends to vary inversely with its need in population

Question 20

evidence for the inverse care law?

Answer 20

relationship btwn social class and poor health
reduced uptake screening in deprived areas
less resources where most needed so lower consultation times

not a universal principle

Question 21

long term condition is?

Answer 21

a condition that cannot, at present, be cured, but can be controlled by medication and other therapies

Question 22

long term conditions requre? and may be?

Answer 22

require on going management and treatment over years and decades

may be physical, neurological, mental

Question 23

effects of long term conditions on pt?

Answer 23

may lead to complications or multiple conditions

lack of independence

poor general wellbeing

can signif impact all areas

lack of understanind from people — isolation, loneliness, risk losing social contacts, loss of work

Question 24

effects long term conditions in children?

Answer 24

may sig interfere with physical and emotional growth and development

likely fear, frustration, anger

less self esteem as less autonomous and reliant on others

Question 25

burden on carers may be what or what type of burden

Answer 25

objective burden= practical, ie constraints on social, relationships, work subjective burden= psychological effects

Question 26

define behaviour

Answer 26

the way in which an animal/ person aacts in response to a particular situation/ stimulus

Question 27

define communicable vs non communicable diseases

Answer 27

non communicable diseases: conditions not passed person to person, sually genetic/ behavioural factors. incl heart attack, cancers, diabetes etc communicable diseases: infectious/ transmissible diseases, eg ebola, covid both greatly influenced by behaviour

Question 28

define compliance

Answer 28

degree to which patient follows advice of medical prof

Question 29

define concordance

Answer 29

doctors and patients making decisions together

Question 30

define adherence

Answer 30

extent to which a person's behaviours are aligned with treatment/ management plans agreed with medical prof

Question 31

list the 5 theories of behaviour

Answer 31

com-b model transtheoretical stages of change model PRIME theory health belief model self regulatory model

Question 32

COM-B model?

Answer 32

3 components to all behaviours- C apability, O pportunity, M otivation

Question 33

what does capability refer to in COM-B model

Answer 33

Capability: knowing what to do and how to do it and having necessary skills to do it - psychological capability= knowledge - physical capability= skills

Question 34

what does opportunity refer to in COM-B model

Answer 34

Opportunity: - physical opportunity= having resources for it, incl time and equip - social opportunity= do other people want them to behave like that

Question 35

what does motivation refer to in COM-B model importance of this

Answer 35

motivation: - reflective motivation= consider pros and cons - automatic motivation= is the behaviour prompted/ cued without thinking about it, ie habit automatic motivation explains why people continue doing unhealthy acts when know should stop duality of motivation0 if they already know why shouldn't, explore why they do instead

Question 36

transtheoretical stages of change model

Answer 36

people are in different stages of changing their behaviour pre-contemplation (not considering change) contemplation (change is considered) preparation (make plans to change) action (initial change) maintenance (leads to stable lifestyle) lapse= reverting once, doesn't have to be a relapse relapse= if change stops and reverts

Question 37

PRIME theory

Answer 37

plans responses impulses/ inhibitions motives evaluations acc PRIME, behaviour happens in the moment

Question 38

health belief model

Answer 38

suggests likelihood of someone adopting a behaviour is determined by perceived threat of their current actions and evaluation of outcome if change perceived threat= perceived susceptibility to negative consequences and their severity perceived benefits and barriers cues to action general health motivation perceived control h/e assumes behaviour is rational, doesn't factor for emotion

Question 39

self regulatory model

Answer 39

about how beliefs and emotions impact on behaviour brought on by a new health risk eg new symptom/ diagnosis etc health risk triggers cognitive representations and emotional representations in parallel both feed into coping behaviours to appraisal of behaviours 5 cognitions: identify what threat is its cause its timeline the consequences control/ curability