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Higher RMPS > Buddhism > Flashcards

Buddhism Flashcards

1
Q

What is the three Jewels?

A
  • Buddha
    -Dharma
  • Sangha
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2
Q

What is the most important of the three jewels?

A

Buddha is the first and most important jewel be the dharma and sangha would not exist without it.

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3
Q

What is the Dharma?

A

The Dharma is the teachings of Buddhism.

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4
Q

What is the Sangha?

A

The Buddhist community consisting of monks and nuns. Buddhists Donte food and money to the monks and nuns as they are forbidden from working.

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5
Q

What is the four Nobel truths?

A

These are an explanation of the reality of human experience of life and what a human should do.

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6
Q

What is the list of the four Nobel truths?

A
  1. Life is full of suffering
  2. Suffering is caused by desire
  3. To stop suffering you have to stop desiring
  4. To stop desiring you must follow the 8 fold path
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7
Q

What is dukkha and give examples

A

Dukkha is suffering. Examples include physical and mental suffering. Physical suffering can include illness and old age. Metal suffering can include jealousy, anger, confusion and grief.

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8
Q

What is Tahna and give examples.

A

Tahna is desire. Types of desire include greed and aversion. Greed could be for money and friends/family. Aversion could be death of a loved one or ill health.

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9
Q

Why do you have to stop suffering to stop desiring?

A

Removing in any form will lead to the ultimate goal for all Buddhists which leads to enlightenment.

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10
Q

What is the 8 fold path?

A

The 8 fold path is the way to achieve enlightenment

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11
Q

What is Anicca and give examples?

A

Everything in the world is changing. Nothing stays the same. The world around us changes and easy to see, like the burning of a match. Examples include, movement of mountains or movement of tectonic plates.

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12
Q

What are the three marks of existence?

A
  • Anicca
    -Anatta
  • Dukkha
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13
Q

What is the analysis of Kisa Gotami & Mustard seed?

A
  1. Kisa Gotami could not accept death as she asked the Buddha to bring back her baby.
  2. Kisa Gotami suffered due to not understanding Anicca as she witnessed others who suffered.
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14
Q

What is Anatta?

A

Anatta means everyone changes. No one is continuously the same and everything about you changes. This means no self and no soul.

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15
Q

What are the 5 Skandas?

A
  • Rupa - physical body
  • Vedana - sensations and feelings
  • Sankhara - characteristics
  • Sanna - cognitions
  • Vinnana - consciousness
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16
Q

What is Samsara?

A

Samsara explains that human life is a cycle of birth, life, death and rebirth. The cycle is full of suffering that is fuelled by desire. Samsara explains that thoughts and actions will gain karmic energy and this energy will lead you closer to or further away from achieving Nibbana in this life and future lives.

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17
Q

What is Dependent origination?

A

Samsara is based on the concept of dependent origination. This is the belief that nothing can happen without a cause and this are therefore the cause of your own reality and experiences. Essentially it is the belief in cause and effect. This means that the circumstances of you next life are affected by your actions in this life.

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18
Q

What do the animals in samsara represent?

A

The three root poisons and snake - hatred, pig - ignorance and cockerel - greed

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19
Q

What are the six realms in the wheel of life?

A
  • Realm of Gods
  • Realm of Titans
  • Realm of Humans
  • Realm of animals
  • Realm of hell
  • Realm of greedy ghosts
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20
Q

What is karma?

A

karma means action. Karma is described by Buddha as the law of effects following from causes. It is a natural law, not a moral one.

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21
Q

What are the three root goods?

A

Non attachment, wisdom and kindness

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22
Q

What are the three sections of the eightfold path?

A
  • Wisom
  • morality
  • meditiation
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23
Q

What makes up the wisdom section made up of?

A
  • Right view
  • Right intention
24
Q

What is right view?

A

When a Buddhist develops their understanding of life by following the teachings of the Buddha (anicca, annata and dukkha)

25
Q

What is right intention?

A

Having the right intention when you act on the Buddhist dharma for the right reasons. This motivates Buddhists to follow their path

26
Q

What makes up the morality section?

A
  • Right speech
  • Right action
  • Right livelihood
27
Q

What is right speech?

A

Buddhists should avoid speaking to people in ways that would hurt others. This includes:
- Telling lies
- speaking harshly or using words as weapons
- spreading gossip or pointless chatter
- avoid using hurtful words

28
Q

What is right action?

A

-Buddhists try to follow a set of guidelines in the way that they live. This can be done using the five precepts:
- Not to take what is not given
- Not to harm or destroy life
- Not to misuse the senses
- Not to use wrong speech
- Not to cloud the mind with drugs or alcohol

29
Q

What is right livelihood?

A

It is important that Buddhists live in a way that does not go against Buddhists teachings. Work should be of benefit to them and should not harm others
- honesty
- legally
- peacefully
consider careers, relationships, religious journey and moral choices

30
Q

What makes up the meditation section?

A
  • Right effort
  • Right mindfulness
  • Right concentration
31
Q

What is right effort?

A

This is training the mind to make a conscious effort to set aside negative thoughts and replace them with positive ones

32
Q

What is right mindfulness?

A

Helps Buddhists to become more aware of themselves and everything around them. Recognises unconscious motives and impulses and responding to the needs of others

33
Q

What is right concentration?

A

This refers to the training of the mind through meditation. Helps to develop calmness, lovingkindness and gain insights into the truths of life.

34
Q

What are the three types of meditation?

A
  • Samatha
  • Vipassana
  • Metta bhavana
35
Q

What is samatha meditation?

A

Samatha meditation is known as calming meditation and leads to deeper concentration. It helps Buddhists to rid themselves of craving and helps to achieve nibbana.

36
Q

What is Vipassana meditation?

A

This is insight meditation. This mediation helps Buddhists to see things as they really are. Helps them to gain realisation and understanding of the impermanence of things and the nature of everything. Focuses on exploration.

37
Q

What is Metta bhavana meditiation?

A

Meditation for developing lovingkindness. This meditation practice helps Buddhists to bring more harmony into our relationships with others so that we experience less conflicts, resolve existing difficulties and deepen our connections with people we already get on with.

38
Q

What is Nibbana?

A

The release of karmic energy from samsara. It is beyond our minds grasp until you have an enlightened mind. Nibbana can provide peace, truth, everlasting bliss and harbour of safety. It is the ultimate goal for all Buddhists. Nibbana is not enlightenment, enlightenment can be achieved throughout lifetime but nibbana is only achieved after death. Provides motivation for Buddhists, takes many lifetimes to achieve and cannot be understood until experienced.

39
Q

What are theravada buddhists?

A

They believe that there are four stages of progression in order to reach enlightenment which include getting rid of desire in order to reach Arhat and then nibbana. They believe that becoming an arhat takes many lifetimes and are more likely to become an arhat if you set yourself aside as a monk or nun.

40
Q

What are arhats?

A

Arhats are perfected people who have gained true insight into the true nature of reality.

41
Q

What are mahayana buddhists?

A

Goal of mahayana buddhist could be to become a bohdisattva and is achieved by the six perfections: generosity, morality, patience, effort, concentration and wisdom.

42
Q

What do bodhisattvas do?

A

They choose to stay in the cycle of samsara to help others achieve enlightenment. They argue that everyone should be able to achieve enlightenment irrespective of whether you are a monk or nun. This links the community together and build a sense of everyone is in the same boat and can help each other too.

43
Q

What are temples?

A

Allow Buddhists to come together. Enables them to deepen their faith and engage with other who are on a similar spiritual journey

44
Q

What are shrines?

A

Reminds Buddhists of the key teachings of Buddhism. Often offer flowers which symbolise the impermanence of everything.

45
Q

What are monasteries?

A

This allows the laity (non religious offer holders) to support the monks and nuns. Monasteries focus on the principle of giving and allows the Laity to give good karma.

46
Q

What are halls for meditation and learning?

A

Meditation is vital for Buddhists to achieve Nibbana therefore a Buddhist requires a designated quiet space in order to meditate. Buddhists aim to understand what Buddha achieved in his lifetime. halls for learning are where important stories are told and taught the Buddhist dharma.

47
Q

What is puja?

A

The name for ceremonies that involve gifts. During ceremonies, there is also meditation and prayer. This is aka devotional practices.

48
Q

What does Puja do for Buddhists?

A

Allows them to express how grateful they are to buddha and for what he has taught them enabling them to show respect for his teachings. Puja brings Buddhists closer to Buddha and helps them to find answers to overcome suffering.
It is important as it enables Buddhists to become more deeply devoted to Buddhism and open themselves to understand the Dharma

49
Q

What is mantra?

A

This is when Buddhists chant repetitively and is a form of meditation. Helps Buddhists to clear their mind of unwanted negative thoughts and helps to produce calmness and increase concentration

50
Q

What is offerings?

A

Buddhists leave gifts as a mark of respect and with reference to Buddha. This can include flowers that symbolises the impermanence of everything. Candles are also often given to symbolise light and wisdom.

51
Q

What is Mala?

A

Mala beads are a string of beads that Buddhists use to help them focus during worship to help them concentrate. This acts as a reminder of their purpose and ultimate goal of achieving enlightenment.

52
Q

What are the sangha and what do they do?

A

Refers to the monastic communities of monks and nuns across the Buddhist world. The sangha have kept Buddhists texts safe over centuries and has interpreted and taught Buddhist philosophy. Provide guidance on how to live a good Buddhist life.

53
Q

What are bhikku’s?

A

Refer to monks and nuns. Monks and nuns require donations from the Buddhist community as them have renounced material wealth and family life to devote themselves to the dhamma.

54
Q

What does the monks and nuns provide to the lay community?

A

Offer spiritual help and guidance. Monks and Nuns today generate income from holding meditation classes and offer services or by selling things.

55
Q

What are the 5 addition precepts to make up the 10 precepts?

A
  • No eating after midday
  • No dancing, singing or music
  • No personal adornment
  • No luxurious beds
  • No possessing money

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