Buddhism Unit Test Flashcards
(32 cards)
What is the origin story of Buddhism?
Buddhism originated in northern India as a reform movement within Hinduism around 400 B.C.E.
Siddhartha Gautama, a prince, founded Buddhism.
Who founded Buddhism?
Siddhartha Gautama
He became known as the Buddha, or ‘Awakened One.’
What significant event occurred after Siddhartha Gautama meditated under the Bodhi tree?
He attained Enlightenment
This marked the beginning of his teachings.
What are the Four Sights that motivated Siddhartha to seek a solution to human suffering?
- An old man (Old age)
- A sick man (Illness)
- A dead body (Death)
- A religious ascetic (Renunciation)
What is the ultimate goal of Buddhism?
Nirvana
A state of liberation and freedom from suffering.
What is Enlightenment in Buddhism?
The highest level of spiritual awakening
Attained by Buddha after meditation.
What characterizes Theravada Buddhism?
- Closely follows Buddha’s original teachings
- Only monks and nuns can attain Nirvana
- Practiced in Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia.
What distinguishes Mahayana Buddhism from Theravada Buddhism?
It is easier for lay people to follow; anyone can attain Nirvana
Practiced in China, Tibet, Korea, and Japan.
In which regions is Vajrayana Buddhism practiced?
Flourished between the 6th and 11th centuries in areas surrounding India
Involves tantric practices and monastic life.
What are the Three Jewels of Buddhism?
- Buddha: The teacher and ultimate spiritual example
- Dharma: The teachings of Buddha
- Sangha: The community of monks, nuns, and lay people.
What are the Three Marks of Existence in Buddhism?
- Dukkha: Suffering and dissatisfaction
- Anicca: Impermanence
- Anatta: No self.
What is the first of the Four Noble Truths?
Life is filled with suffering (Dukkha)
This is the foundation of Buddhist teaching.
What causes suffering according to Buddhism?
Selfish desires and attachments
How can suffering end according to Buddhist teachings?
By overcoming desire
What is the Noble Eightfold Path?
- Right View
- Right Intention
- Right Speech
- Right Action
- Right Livelihood
- Right Effort
- Right Mindfulness
- Right Meditation
What does Right View entail?
Understanding the reality of suffering and its causes
Insight comes from direct experience.
What is the focus of Right Intention?
Commitment to compassion and ethical living
What is emphasized in Right Speech?
Speaking truthfully and avoiding gossip
Words have the power to heal or harm.
What is the purpose of Right Action?
To choose actions that avoid harm and promote well-being
What does Right Livelihood involve?
Selecting an occupation that aligns with ethical values
What is the focus of Right Effort?
Maintaining a balanced attitude
Fostering positive thoughts and actions.
What does Right Mindfulness encourage?
Staying present in the moment with full awareness
What is Right Meditation aimed at?
Focusing the mind through meditation to see things as they truly are
What is Dharma in Buddhism?
Central teachings of the Buddha on how to live ethically and spiritually
