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RE buddhism Porsha > Buddhist practices > Flashcards

Buddhist practices Flashcards

(60 cards)

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1
Q

Whats in a temple

A

Main hall/building
Meditation hall/building
Study hall/building
Shrine or number of shrines
Stupa

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2
Q

Whats a stupa

A

A small building in a monastery that often contains holy relics

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3
Q

What type of offerings are given at a shrine

A

Offering of light (such as candle) symbolises widom cos light drives away darkness

Offering of flowers reminds Buddhists that all things are impermanent

Offering of incense symbolises purity

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4
Q

What is puja

A

Worship

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5
Q

What does puja allow Buddhists to do(3 things)

A

Express their gratitude and respect for the Buddha and his teachings
Gives them opportunity to acknowledge how important Buddha is in their lives
Allows them to focus on their faith and deepen their understanding of Buddhas teachings

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6
Q

How do Buddhists worship (7 things)

A

Meditate, give offerings, chant, recite mantras, and bow, rituals and ceremonies carried out in groups, private worship in the home

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7
Q

What do buddhists chant

A

3 refuges and 5 moral precepts or bodhisattva vow

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8
Q

What is samatha meditation

A

Meditation that focuses on calming the mind and focuses on your breath

Paying attention to sensation of your breathing and all the tiny movements it brings about in your body. e.g feeling chest expand

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9
Q

What is vipassana meditation

A

Meditation to try and gain insight into the true nature of reality and see things as they are

Helps buddhists understand all things are characterised by 3 marks of existence

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10
Q

What do Tibetan Buddhists visualise

A

Often visualise a deity (a being who has become fully enlightened such ad a Buddha or Bodhisattva)

Concentrate not only on what the deity looks like but also on the qualities in order to gain those qualities and attributes

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11
Q

What can a Buddhist use to visualise a deity

A

Thangka (detailed painting of Buddha ot Bodhisattva)

Mandala(intricate, circle shaped pattern used for meditation)

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12
Q

What happens at a funeral

A

People will make donations

Shrine may be set up to display the deceased’s portrait along with an image of the Buddha next to the shrine

Monks may give a sermon and perform Buddhist rites

Deceased usually cremated but can be buried

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13
Q

What can the family of the deceased do

A

They can create good karmic energy on behalf of the deceased to give them a better chance at the best rebirth

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14
Q

What do Buddhist festivals give Buddhists time to do?

A

Gives them opportunity to remember and celebrate the Buddha’s life and his teaching and to meet with family and practice together

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15
Q

What is a retreat

A

a period of time away from everyday life to focus on meditation

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16
Q

What is Wesak

A

a Therevadan festival that celebrates the Buddha’s birth, enlightenment and passing away

All 3 events happened on a full moon

To honour and remember the Buddha and his teachings

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17
Q

How is Wesak celebrated

A

Houses lit up with candles, lamps and put up decorations

Make offerings to the Buddha and give gifts such as food, candles and flowers to the monks

Monks may lead meditation or chant from the Buddhist scriptures

Focus mainly on Buddhas enlightenment

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18
Q

What is Paranirvana Day

A

Mahayana festival that is celebrated to remember Buddha’s passing to paranirvana.

Gives Buddhists chance to reflect on the fact of their own future death and remember friends and relatives who died

Idea of impermanence is a big focus on this day

Some may go on retreats and traditional day for pilgrimage

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19
Q

6 realms are:

A

Realm of the gods
Realm of the angry gods
Realm of the animals
Realm of the tormented beings
Realm of the hungry ghosts
Realm of the humans

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20
Q

4 sublime states meaning

A

4 qualities of love, compassion, sympathetic joy and equanimity which the Buddha taught that Buddhists should develop

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21
Q

Equanimity meaning

A

Maintaining stability and calm in the face of both happiness and suffering

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22
Q

What does chanting increase?

A

A buddhist’s receptivity to the Buddha and his teachings. Also concentrates and calms the mind

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23
Q

What type of practice is chanting

A

Devotional practice

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24
Q

What is a mantra

A

A sequence of sacred syllables that is usually chanted over and over or silently said in the mind

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25
Why are mantras important
They can focus the mind in meditation Some believe they have transformative powers
26
Why are mantras important for tibetan buddhists
Mantra helps them to become more receptive to compassion therefore helping them to better express this quality in their lives
27
What is a mala
String of 108 beads that helps Buddhists count the number of recitations they have done
28
How do Buddhists bow
They bow 3 times in front of a shrine to recall the 3 refuges
29
meditation definition
A spiritual exercise that calms the mind and body, and leads to the development of insight into the nature of reality
30
what do buddhists do before meditating
recite verses praising 3 refuges and (therevada buddhists) 5 moral precepts
31
Why is loving-kindness meditation done?
To develop a sense of compassion for oneself and others and to let go of ill will and resentment. Helps to create a sense of calmness and positivity
32
What can Buddhists use as a focus for meditation (6 things)
certain character traits, emotions, breathing process, an image, candle flame, buddha
33
what does mindfulness of breathing do
makes buddhists more aware and present
34
What is a kasina
A kasina is an object used as a focus of attention in samatha meditation. 10 kasinas including elements -earth water fire air- and colours -red yellow blue.
35
Purpose of samatha meditation
Helps to develop concentration/ focus Preparation for vipassana meditation Focus on single object helps create calm and tranquil mind Helps buddhists feel more alive and happy
36
3 main aims of vipassana meditation
Understand how all things are characterized by 3 marks of existence Develop greater wisdom and awareness about the world Ultimately achieve enlightenment
37
what is zazen meditation
Literally meaning “seated meditation” Practised in Zen Buddhism
38
What is zazen intended to lead to
Deeper understanding into the nature of existence.
39
How to do zazen meditation
Start sitting, relaxing and a period of mindfulness of breathing. Meditator then simply sits with awareness of the present moment. Thoughts and experiences may come and go and meditator returns again and again to present moment
40
Why do mahayana buddhists use visualization?
They believe visualising themselves as the Buddha helps them to stimulate and awaken their Buddha-nature
41
Examples of visualisations
Medicine Buddha- Visualising this Buddha may reduce suffering and promote healing powers Avalokiteshvara- Visualising this Bodhisattva helps buddhists to develop a sense of compassion Buddha Amitabha- Pure land Buddhists may visualise Buddha Amitabha in hopes of being rebirthed into Pure Land
42
Theravada funerals
Very little money spent Family/ friend donate to worthy cause Rituals transferring merit to deceased e.g offer cloth to make new robes to nearby monastery
43
Funerals in Tibet
Sky burial- body left in high place as a gift for the vultures, started because lack of wood for cremation More common now to cremate Revered teachers remains placed in a stupa Ceremonies involving prayers and offerings of yak-butter lamps may be made every 7 days for 49 days
44
Funerals in Japan
Coffin placed with head facing west towards direction of Sukhavati Those assembled chant Amitabha Buddha around the coffin Relatives after cremation come together and pick the bones out using chopsticks Remains can be kept for 49 days and offerings made every 7
45
Wesak significance
Commemorates 3 major events in Buddhas life-birth enlightenment death Opportunity to honor and remember buddhas teachings Light used to symbolise hope, enlightenment and overcoming ignorance
46
Celebrating wesak
Caged animals released Go to monastery to listen to sermons on buddhas life or practice meditation Make offerings to Buddha/ gifts to monasteries Light up homes with candles and lanterns
47
Paranirvana Day significance
Celebrated during Feb to remember Buddha’s passing to paranirvana Solemn occasion where buddhists reflect on their own future death and remember friends or relatives who have passed away Teaching of impermanence is important on this day
48
Celebrating Paranirvana Day
read and study the Mahaparinivarna Sutra (buddhist scripture that describes buddhas last days) meditate and worship at home or in temple go on retreat to reflect and meditate or go on pilgrimage to Kushinagar (where Buddha died)
49
Buddhist retreats
May involve meditation, talks, study groups, workshops and rituals aim to help them deepen their understanding of buddhist practices held in monasteries or buddhist centers
50
Example of buddhist retreat
Vassa- annual retreat in theravada when monks dedicate more time to meditate and study
51
What are skilful actions motivated by and what is the result of it
Motivated by generosity, compassion and understanding Results in happiness
52
What are unskilful actions motivated by and what is the result of it
Motivated by craving, ignoring, hatred Results in suffering
53
what is karuna (4)
recognizing a person cannot be happy while others suffer feeling concern for the suffering of others, almost as if it were your own wanting others to be free from suffering and trying to relieve it recognizing when you are suffering and showing compassion towards yourself
54
Charity motivated by compassion
ROKPA Tibetan word for “help” or “friend” Involved in projects in Zimbabwe, Nepal and Tibet Helps run schools and provide education to thousands of children each year
55
Aim of ROKPA
To help families out of poverty and teach children about the value of compassion
56
Why is metta an important quality to develop
Reduces tendency to act out of negative emotions such as greed and hatred(2/3 poisons showing reducing these negative emotions will reduce suffering and eventually lead to enlightenment)
57
what is metta
A desire for others to be happy
58
3 facts about metta
one of 4 sublime states should be cultivated even to those who act unskillfully should not expect anything in return
59
What are the 5 moral precepts
1) Abstain from taking life 2) Abstain from taking what is not freely given 3) Abstain from misuse of the senses or sexual misconduct 4) Abstain from wrong speech 5) Abstain from intoxicants that cloud the mind
60
Following 5 moral precepts
Need to be applied sensitively and need balance from one precept against the next First precept is a root for all the others Purifies mind of greed, hatred and ignorance

RE buddhism Porsha (3 decks)

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