Buddhist Terms Flashcards
(316 cards)
1
Q
Sources of knowledge / Epistemic Instruments
A
pramāṇa
2
Q
Perception
A
pratyakṣa
3
Q
Cognition
A
jñāna
4
Q
Ineffeable
A
avyapadeśya
5
Q
Convention
A
vyavahārakāla
6
Q
intrinsic nature
A
svabhāva
7
Q
intrinsic characteristics
A
svalakṣaṇa
8
Q
Epistemic objects
A
prameya
9
Q
Mundane convention
A
alokasaṃvṛti
10
Q
Inference
A
anumāna
11
Q
Dependent arising
A
pratītyasamutpāda
12
Q
Unique particulars
A
svalakṣaṇas
13
Q
Universals
A
sāmānyalakṣaṇa
14
Q
Ultimately existent
A
paramārthasat
15
Q
Selflessness
A
anātmavāda
16
Q
Self-awareness
A
svasaṃvitti
17
Q
Conventional truth
A
saṃvṛtisatya
18
Q
Conventional
A
saṃvṛtisat
19
Q
Causal efficacy
A
arthakriyāsāmarthyam
20
Q
Disposition
A
vāsanā
21
Q
Having content
A
viṣayābhāsatā
22
Q
Result
A
pramāṇaphala
23
Q
What is known
A
prameya
24
Q
Verbal proliferation
A
prapañca
25
Appropriation
upādāna
26
Subject
grāhaka
27
Object
grāhya
28
Time
kāla
29
Space
deśa
30
Momentariness
kṣaṇikatva
31
Non-being or absence
abhāva
32
Reliable
avisaṃvādin
33
Acceptance
abhyupagama
34
Logical consequence
prasaṅga
35
Spiritual Path
pravṛttikāma
36
A Guide to the Bodhisattva's Way of Life
Bodhicaryāvatāra
37
Wisdom
prajñā
38
Moral discipline
śīla
39
Generosity
dāna
40
Patient Endurance
kṣānti
41
True nature of reality
dharmatā
42
Mind
Citta
43
Mind only
Cittamātra
44
Cyclic existence
Saṃsāra
45
Emptiness
Śūnyatā
46
Volition, intention, or directionality
Cetanā
47
Ignorance
Avidyā
48
Consciousness
Vijñāna
49
Defilements
kleśa
50
Reality or truth
Satay
51
Reality or truth
Satay
52
Reductio ad absurdum
Prasaṅga
53
Emptiness
Śūnyatā
54
A school of Mādhyamika that emphasizes reductio and pyrhonian skepticism
Prasaṅgika
55
A school of Madhyamika that offers independent arguments for their views
Svatantrika
56
Characteristic or quality
Lakṣaṇa
57
Inexpressible
anabhilāpya
58
Nonconceptual
Nirvikalpaka
59
Form or matter
Rūpa
60
Philosophical lineage or tradition
Paramparā
61
Multiplicity, complexity, or plurality
Anekatā
62
Action, performance, or undertaking
Kriyā
63
Purpose
Prayojana
64
Skillful means
Upāyakauśalya
65
Whole, or something that has portions
Avayavin
66
Ignorance or misconception
Avidyā
67
Atom or particle
Paramāṇus
68
Yogic perception
Yogipratyakṣa
69
Activity
Pravṛtti
70
Aim or goal
Artha
71
Telic function or causal efficacy
Arthakriyā
72
Substance
Dravya
73
Simplicity, singularity, or oneness
Ekatva
74
Random, causeless, or unexpected
Ākasmika
75
Similarity or resemblance
sādṛśya
76
Falsehood
Anṛta
77
Three nature
trisvabhavā
78
Ultimate truth
paramārtha-satya
79
Dependent
Paratantra
80
Perfected or absolute
parinispanna
81
Universally known or what the world acknowledges
lokaprasiddha
82
Nature
Prakṛti
83
Lone Buddha or silent Buddha
Pratyekabuddha
84
Causal condition
Hetupratyaya
85
Person
Pudgala
86
Meditative consciousness
Samādhi
87
Cause
Hetu
88
Conditions
pratyaya
89
Emptiness of persons
Pudgalanairātmya
90
Emptiness of all things or the selflessness of all things
Dharmanairātmya
91
Change or transformation
Vikāra
92
Mass
Ghana
93
Individual
Vyakti
94
Continuity or concomitance
Anvāya
95
One who has entered the stream
śrotāpanna
96
Meditative Consciousness or Stable Attention
Samādhi
97
Resting meditation
śamatha
98
Liberating
Nairyāṇika
99
Superimposition
Samārōpa
100
Judicious person
Prekṣāvat
101
The epistemological school
pramāṇavāda
102
Illusion or misapprehension
Viparyāsa
103
Radically inaccessible facts
Atyantaparokṣa
104
Confusion or delusion
Saṃmoha
105
Not to injure or compassion
ahiṃsā
106
Magic
Māyā
107
Enlightenment
bodhi
108
Sublime attitudes or the four central Buddhist virtues
brahmavihārās
109
The four immeasurables (central Buddhist virtues)
apramāṇa
110
Equanimity
upekṣā
111
Compassion
Karuṇā
112
Sympathetic joy
Muditā
113
Benevolence or loving kindness
maitrī
114
Well-being
Ariyasukha
115
Diligence, perseverance, courage, or energy
Vīrya
116
Skillful
kuśala
117
Sacred, meritorious, virtuous, morally good
Punya
118
Fiction
Kalpanā
119
Desire or craving
Tṛṣṇā
120
Conceptuality
Vikalpa
121
Buddhist monastic rules
Vinaya
122
Non-virtuous mental factors
Caitta
123
Annihilationism or nihilism
Ucchedavāda
124
Attachment, greed, or lust
rāga
125
Impermanent
Anitya
126
Feeling or sensation
Vedanā
127
Aggregate
Saṃcita
128
Fuel, attachment, grasping
Upādāna
129
On the basis of, making use of, depending on
Upādāya
130
Eternalism
sāśvata-dṛṣṭi
131
Inexplicable
avyaktavya
132
Psychophysical stream
Skandha-santāna
133
Being owned
Svatva
134
Release from the cycle of rebirth
mokṣa
135
Spirit self, or universal principle
puruṣa
136
To count, list, or reason
Samkhya
137
Discriminating intellect or discriminating mind
Buddhi
138
I-maker our sense of ego
Ahamkara
139
Darkness
tamas
140
Passion and activity
Rajas
141
Conceptual reality
prajnaptisat
142
Debate or controversy
Vāda
143
Wrangling, chattering
Jalpa
144
Belief in a permanent individual
Satkāyadṛṣṭi
145
Outside the range of the senses
Parokṣa
146
Entailment
Vyāpti
147
Linguistic convention
Saṃketa
148
Customary transactions
Vyavahāra
149
Thesis
Pakṣa
150
The path of seeing
darśana-mārga
151
Fine as it is unanalyzed
avicara-ramaniya
152
The exclusion of the other
anyāpoha
153
Imperceptible
Parokṣa
154
Tradition or scripture
Āgāma
155
Valid reason
saddhetu
156
Problem or puzzle
samasyā
157
Testimony or speech sound
Śabda
158
Super sensible
Atīndriya
159
Definitive meaning
Nītārtha
160
Meaning that requires textual interpretation
Neyārtha
161
Presumption or necessary conclusion
Arthāpatti
162
Meditation or contemplation
Dhyāna
163
Buddha-nature
tathāgatagarbha
164
Great element
Mahābhūta
165
Pride
Atimāna
166
Instant
Kṣaṇa
167
Consciousness
Caitanya
168
Knowledge
Vidya
169
Mental factors
Cetasika
170
Good, skillful, meritorious, wholesome
Kusala
171
Unwholesome consciousness
akusalacitta
172
Greed
Lobha
173
Hatred
Dosa
174
Mindfulness
Sati
175
Faith
Saddhā
176
Shame at doing evil
Hiri
177
Tranquility of consciousness
Cittapassaddhi
178
Right speech
Sammāvācā
179
Wrong view
Diṭṭhi
180
Restlessness
Uddhacca
181
Pleasant
sukhā
182
Perception or cognition
Saṃjñā
183
Foundational consciousness
Ālayavijñāna
184
Representational form
Ākāra
185
Reflexive awareness
Svasaṃvedana
186
Lightness
Lāghava
187
Desire (Nyaya school)
Icchā
188
Doer or agent
kartṛ
189
Comparison (epistemic instrument)
Upamāna
190
Property, virtue, merit, epistemically special property
Guṇa
191
Wealth
Artha
192
Critical inquiry
Anviksiki
193
Inference for oneself
Svarthanumana
194
Inference for another
Pararthanumana
195
The world
Jagat
196
Eternal
Śāśvata
197
Omniscient
sarvajnatva
198
Buddhist notion of mind
Manas
199
Sense contact
Sparśa
200
Attention
manasikāra
201
Afflictive mind
Klista-manas
202
Abhidharma school that affirms that all exist (eternalism) and accepted the causal criterion of existence
Sarvāstivāda
203
Early Abhidharma school that believed in the omniscience of the Buddha, presentism, foundational consciousness, consciousness is natural luminous, and emptiness of Dharmas
Mahāsāṃghika
204
Abhidharma school that accepted the reality of persons
Pudgalavāda
205
Abhidharma school defended by Vasubandhu that accepted doctrine of extreme momentariness, maybe causal criterion of existence, and denied existence of nirvana
Sautrāntika
206
Abhidharma school that rejected personalism & eternalism, thought that nirvana exists and is unconditioned, and accepted sudden enlightenment
Vibhajyavāda
207
Discernment
Saṃjñā
208
Great compassion
Mahākaruṇā
209
Memory or remembrance
Smṛti
स्मृति
210
Clear comprehension or clear knowing
संप्रजन्य
| saṃprajanya
211
The desire to attain enlightenment for the sake of all suffering beings
Bodhicitta
बोधिचित्त
212
Conventional knowledge
Saṃvṛtijñāna (संवृतिज्ञान)
213
A four cornered system of argumentation that involves examine four possibilities. Also tetralemma
Catuṣkoṭi चतुष्कोटि,
214
Implicational negation
Paryudāsa
215
Non implicational negation
Prasajyapratiṣēdha
216
Domain of reality
Dharmadhātu
217
Mental phenomenon, the whole of sentience
Nāma
218
Cessation of suffering
Nirodha (निरोध)
219
Transformation or change
Pariṇāma (परिणाम)
220
Object domain
Viṣaya (विषय)
221
Sense faculty
Indriya (इन्द्रिय)
222
Point of reference
Ālambana (आलम्बन)
223
Approximation or conscious superimposition
Upacāra (उपचार)
224
Completely imagined
Parikalpita (परिकल्पित)
225
Philosophy or vision of truth
Darśana (दर्शन)
226
External object
Bāhyārtha (बाह्यार्थ)
227
माध्यमक
Madhyamaka
| माध्यमक
228
Mindfulness of breathing
Ānāpānasmṛti (आनापानस्मृति)
229
Substratum or bade
Āśraya
230
Upādāna
Craving or attachment
231
Highest yoga tantra
Anuttarayoga Tantra (Sanskrit, Tibetan: bla na med pa'i rgyud)
232
An influential Buddhist school of the Small Vehicle (Hīnayāna), closely related to the Sarvāstivāda. Their name derives from a great treatise known as the Mahāvibhāṣā (Great Book of Alternatives) which summarizes their views.
Vaibhāṣika
233
Insight
Vipassanā (Pāli) or vipaśyanā (Sanskrit)
234
“hearer" or, more generally, "disciple".
Śrāvaka (Sanskrit) or Sāvaka (Pali) means "hearer" or, more generally, "disciple". Also a teacher of great wisdom such as Buddha
235
Transformation
Pariṇāma
236
Two truths doctrine
satyadvaya
237
Ultimate
Paramārtha
238
Witness consciousness
Sākṣī or Shakshi(Sanskrit: साक्षी or शाक्षी)
239
Logic or method
Nyaya (न्याय)
240
Cognition (Abhidharma category)
Saññā
241
Complexes or formations
Saṅkhāra
242
Perfection, noble character qualities generally associated with enlightened beings
Pāramitā
243
Patience, forbearance, or forgiveness.
Kshanti (Sanskrit kṣānti)
244
Buddhist vow
Praṇidhāna (प्रणिधान)
245
Strength
Bala
246
Bondage
bandhana
247
The doctrine of radical impermanence
ksanabhanga
248
Contact or conjunction
Saṃyoga (संयोग, “contact”).
249
Concomitance
Anvaya
250
Perfection of wisdom
Prajñāpāramitā
251
Nontransgression
Avītikkama
252
Restraint
Saṃvara
253
Words of the Buddha
Buddhavacana
254
Worldly
laukika लौकिक
255
Average or vulgar man
Pṛthagjana (पृथग्जन)
256
Noble
ārya
257
The truths of the noble ones or four noble truths
catvāri āryasatyāni
258
Eightfold noble path
āryāṣṭāṅgamārga
259
Supramundane knowledge
lokottarajnana
260
The next or future world
Paraloka (परलोक)
261
Hypostatized
Samāropita (समारोपित)
262
Established conclusion
Siddhānta
263
'thatness', 'principle', 'reality' or 'truth'. An element or aspect of reality.
Tattva
264
Meditation, cultivation, or development
Bhāvanā
265
Logician or follower of the nyaya school
Naiyāyika
266
Hermeneuticians or those who say only the Vedas are valid
Mīmāṃsaka
267
Analysis of the dharmas
Dharmapravicaya
268
Extrinsic nature
Parābhava
269
Conceptual construction
Prajñapti-sat
270
Three marks of existence
trilakṣaṇa
271
Inpermanent
anitya
272
Extrinsic nature
Parabhāva
273
The theory that the effect already exists in the cause
Satkāryavāda
274
The theory that holds that the effect does not exist in the cause and is instead a new existent
Asatkāryavāda
275
Rules governing Buddhist monastics-literally “toward liberation”
prātimokṣa
276
Five aggregates
pañca skandha
277
A factor associated with the concentrative absorption. This a joyful samskara (formation) associated with no object so the practitioner is not attaining it by desire. It is often translated with the English word "rapture"
Prīti
278
Breaking the barriers, a stage in loving-kindness meditation where extend love to more and more beings
sīmasambheda
279
Violence, Cruelty
Vihiṃsā (विहिंसा)
280
Decision or intensified interest, a mental factor that is common to consciousness
Adhimokṣa
281
Non-attachment
Alobha
282
sacred work or scripture
āgama (आगम)
283
Pali word for volume. It is often used like the Sanskrit word āgama to mean "collection", "assemblage", "class" or "group"
Nikāya
284
the learning of the theory of dharma as contained within the suttas of the Pali canon
pariyatti
285
Contradiction
Virodha (विरोध)
286
Certainty
Niścāya
287
esteem; regard; affection; admiration
ādara
288
Ethics of the vow
Saṃvaraśīla
289
Insane, crazy
Unmattaka (उन्मत्तक)
290
Conceptual proliferation or hypostatisation
Prapañca
291
science of dialectics, logic and reasoning, and art of debate
Tarka Sastra
292
a tradition in dharma discourse that involves building a deep familiarity with the opponent's point of view before criticizing it.
Purva paksha, पूर्व पक्ष
293
Hypothetical reasoning
Tarka (तर्क)
294
established and accepted view of any particular school within Indian philosophy; literally "settled opinion or doctrine”
Siddhānta
295
Beginningless
Anādi (अनादि).
296
mental impressions, recollections, or psychological imprints
saṃskāra (संस्कार)
297
Absence; non-concomitance
Vyatireka (व्यतिरेक)
298
Darkness, visual distortion, blindness from affection of the optic nerve.
timira (तिमिर).
299
Theory of moments or momentariness
Kṣaṇavāda
300
the ultimate constituents of a whole such as the 4 physical elements
Dhātu
301
Primal sentient consciousness, a passive form of nasal awareness. A state in which the mind is said to rest when no active consciousness process is occurring
Bhavaṅga citta
302
Luminous mind; used to describe equanimity reached through meditation, which is said to be "pure, bright, soft, workable, and luminous"
prabhāsvara-citta
303
Mental states that cloud the mind and manifest in unwholesome actions
क्लेश
304
Hungary ghosts
Preta (Sanskrit: प्रेत)
305
Annihilationism
uccheda-drsti
306
Fruition of karma
karmavipāka
307
Having no beginning, eternal, existing from eternity
Anādi (अनादि)
308
One of the six schools of Indian philosophy (Vedic systems) from ancient India. Over time, it became similar to the Nyāya school of Hinduism.
Vaiśeṣika वैशेषिक
309
Five hindrances
pañca nivāraṇa पञ्च निवरण
310
Ill-will or malice
vyāpāda
311
"excitement", "restlessness", etc. In the Theravada tradition, defined as a mental factor that is characterized by disquietude, like water whipped by the wind.
auddhatya
312
"jealousy" or "envy". It is defined as a state of mind in which one is highly agitated to obtain wealth and honor for oneself, but unable to bear the excellence of others
Īrṣyā
313
Right view
samyak-dṛuṣṭi
314
"doubt" or "indecision". It is defined as being of two minds about the meaning of the four noble truths;
विचिकित्सा (vicikitsā)
315
putting together, uniting, fixing the mind in abstract contemplation on the true nature of the soul, contemplate oneness, concentrated or formless meditation, commitment, intentness, steadiness,
samādhānam समाधानम्
316
a class of basic visual objects of meditation used in Theravada Buddhism, such as earth, fire, and colors
कृत्स्न kṛtsna
