Building Construction/Roof Ops

Question 1

Rafters run ______ to beams on a lightweight panelized

Answer 1

Parallel

Question 2

Purlins run _______ to beams and rafters

Answer 2

Perpendicular

Question 3

How far apart are purlins on lightweight panelized?

Answer 3

8’

Question 4

What are the dimensions of purlins?

Answer 4

4” x 12”

Question 5

What are the dimensions of beams on lightweight panelized?

Answer 5

6” x 36”

Question 6

How far apart are beams on a panelized??

Answer 6

12’ to 40’

Question 7

If leading roof op as engineer, order to ascend ladder and travel?

Answer 7

1. Engineer
2. Most experienced FF
3. Least experienced FF
4. Captain

Question 8

Smoke condition 4 factors?

Answer 8

Volume, velocity, density, color

Question 9

What is the difference between an arched rib and an arched truss?

Answer 9

• Arch rib = rafters on top of arch
• Arch truss = rafters on hangers

Question 10

Does a bowstring roof have truss construction?

Answer 10

No, just bowstring and arch

Question 11

3 main eras of building construction?

Answer 11

1. Pre-33
2. 1933-1950
3. 1950- present

Question 12

Pre 33s have _____ roofs and ______ walls

Answer 12

Strong roofs

Weak walls
(Unreinforced masonry)

Question 13

Signs of a Pre-33 building?

Answer 13

• Brick/Kings-row
• In-line windows
• Inset windows
• Balloon Frame

Question 14

1933-1950 strengths:

Answer 14

• Strong roof
• Strong walls
• Conventional lumber

Question 15

1950s and newer have ____ walls but ______ roofs

Answer 15

Strong walls but weak roofs

Question 16

When would you do an inspection cut on a residential roof?

Answer 16

Lightweight residential, checking for gusset plates

Question 17

Offensive vs. Defensive strip

Answer 17

Offensive- strip on the involved unit

Defensive- strip behind the fire wall of the involved unit to save the adjacent unit

Question 18

When to do inspection cuts?

Answer 18

• Flat roofs
• Change of elevation
• Cross a fire wall
• Change of construction direction
• Change of elevation

Question 19

What are you looking for with an inspection cut?

Answer 19

• Lumber size
• Lumber direction
• Roof material/decking
• Lightweight construction/gussets
• Attic space/attic involvement

Question 20

Commercial/apartment fire 1st truck ladders?

Answer 20

• Aerial uninvolved to involved
• Ground ladder closer to fire

Question 21

Commercial/apartment fire 2nd truck ladders?

Answer 21

• Back up aerial ladder
• Emergency bail out ground ladders
• Ground ladders to back-up/reinforce aerials

Question 22

How often should you traditionally place smoke indicators?

Answer 22

Every 10’

Question 23

What’s the strong part of a Lamella roof?

Answer 23

Outer perimeter

Question 24

Concern with Lamella roofs?

Answer 24

Domino effect if roof failure

Use extreme caution if heavy fire conditions

Question 25

Type 1 construction?

Answer 25

Fire resistive (Steel coated, concrete) (Jails, hospitals, schools, high-rise)

Question 26

Type 2 construction?

Answer 26

Noncombustible (Uncoated steel/steel frames) Metal floors/roof with concrete tilt up walls

Question 27

Type 3 construction

Answer 27

Non-combustible walls/roof, normal contents on the insides (Most businesses, strip malls)

Question 28

Type 4 construction?

Answer 28

Heavy Timber (Churches, factories, cabins) No void spaces, wood minimum 8” thick

Question 29

Type 5 construction?

Answer 29

Wood frame Houses

Question 30

How are I Beam, bar joist/open web joist roofs constructed?

Answer 30

Large beams perpendicular to chorded trusses either with wood or metal bars. Lightweight and can fail easy Don’t always have beams if small building

Question 31

Conventional flat construction?

Answer 31

Large beams with large rafters running perpendicular, usually 2 x 12” minimum

Question 32

Arched roof operations?

Answer 32

1. Ladder uninvolved to involved 2. Try to exit onto Jack Bay 3. Inspection cut where Jack Bay meets the arches to determine what kind of arched roof 4. Strong roof so ventilate over the fire 5. Consider 1 bay back if bowstring, and use extreme caution 6. Try to work off of an arch 7. Strip along the arch if needed 8. Consider pull back style cut if it has 1 x 6” sheeting, use caution to not fall thru

Question 33

Is a strip mall typically lightweight or conventional?

Answer 33

Lightweight

Question 34

Concerns of strip malls

Answer 34

Mansards, facades, parapets, common attics, lightweight construction

Question 35

Considerations for aerial ladder on a strip mall?

Answer 35

- Uninvolved to involved - If defensive, where’s the most building to save? - Ladder B,C, or D sides to avoid mansards and parapets - Don’t ladder over involved unit if lightweight