Bunk Cyklus Flashcards

1
Q

Co je bunk delenie

A

Reprodukcia, suvisi s jadrom, chromozomami, DNA

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2
Q

Podstata bunk delenia

A

Prenos genet inf z DNA ulozenej na chromozonoch z mater na dcersku bunku

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3
Q

Kde prebieha bunk delenie mitoza

A

Vo vsetkych somatickych bunkach=vsetky bunky org okrem pohlavnych

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4
Q

Funkcie bunk delenia

A

Zachovanie genet inf, zachovanie druhu, vznik novych buniek, regeneracia

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5
Q

Druhy bunk delenia

A

Mitoza
Meioza
Amitoza

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6
Q

Ako sa deli eukaryotick bunka

A

Delenie jadra- karyokineza
Delenie bunky- cytokineza
Karyo=bunk jadro
Cyto= bunka, bunkovy
Kineza= pohyb v reakcii na podnet

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7
Q

Podstata mitozy

A

Dcerske bunky su vzdy genet zhodne s materskou

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8
Q

Podstata meiozy

A

Redukcia poctu chromozomov na polovicu

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9
Q

Co je amitoza

A

Priame delenie, genet material sa nerozdeli rovnomerne

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10
Q

Zakladne struktury bunk delenia

A

Chromozomy- prebiehaju tam zmeny v jadre suvisiace s delenim bunky

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11
Q

Co je interfaza

A

Obdobie medzi delenim bunky, bunka rastie, replikuje a zdvojuje sa DNA

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12
Q

Co je G0

A

Faza keda sa bunky po deleni uz nedelia ale diferencuju sa a specializuju sa na urcitu funkciu

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13
Q

Co je G1

A

Postmitoticka
Bunka sa pripravuje na delenie, rastie, syntetizuju sa ribozomy, bielkoviny, enzymy na replikaciu DNA
najdlhsia faza
Na konci hlavny kontrolny uzil= kontroluje ci je dostatok latok na delenie a dokaze zastavit BC

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14
Q

Co je Sfaza

A

Synteticka- synteza/replikacia DNA
Zdvijnasobuje sa gent material
2x2n=4n
Na konci je chromozom tvoreny 2 identickymi chromatidami

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15
Q

Co je G2

A

Premitocka
Synteza bielkovin=tubulinu na deliace vretienko
Najkratsia

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16
Q

Ktore fazy su hlavne rastove a synteticke

A

G1 a G2

17
Q

Faza M

A

Mitoticka faza kedy prebehne mitoza, rozdeli sa jadro a potom bunka na samostatne dve bunky
Najrychlejsia

18
Q

Co je generacna doba bunky

A

Trvanie bunk cyklu, riadena geneticky, rozdielna pre rozlicne bunky

19
Q

Co je mitoza

A

Nepriame delenie, z materske vznikaju 2 identicke dcerske bunky

20
Q

Cim je podmienena M

A

Syntetickou fazou S kde sa replikuje DNA a vznikaju zdvojenim dvojchromatidove despirilizovane chromozomy

21
Q

Co zabezpecuje genet zhodne bunky v M

A

Mitoticky aparat

22
Q

Co sa deje v profaze

A

Spiraluzuju sa chrom
Zanika jadr memb, jadierko, objavuje sa deliace vretienko a centriol sa deli a putuju na opacne poly bunky

23
Q

Co sa deje v metafata

A

Max spirilizovane chrom ktore sa usporiadavaju do ekvator roviny
Delia sa z jednochrom na dvojchrom ltore su este spojene centromerou

24
Q

Co sa deje v anafaza

A

Rozdelim centromery sa rozdelia chromatidy-kazda chromatida sa stava dcers chrom
Dcersje jednochrom chrom sa rozchadzju skracovanim mikrotub na protilahle poly

25
Q

Co sa deje v telofaze

A

Despirilizacia chromoz
Zanikanie deliac vret
Objavenie jadierka, jadr mem-koniec karyokinezy
Cytokineza