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Burgundy Flashcards

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1
Q

How is land divided in Burgundy, what’s the name of the law, and when was it enacted?

A

The 1804 Napoleonic Code dictates that inheritances must be split equally among heirs.

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2
Q

When did power start to switch back to domains and growers from negociants?

A

1920s

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3
Q

What are the 5 wine growing regions in Burgundy from north to south?

A 
Chablis
Cote d'Or
Cote Chalonnaise
Maconnais
Beaujolais
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4
Q

What are the two subregions of the Cote d’Or?

A

Cote de Nuits

Cote de Beaune

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5
Q

What are the main grapes allowed in Burgundy?

A 
Pinot Noir
Gamay
Chardonnay
Aligote
Pinot Blanc
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6
Q

What are the four levels of appellations in Burgundy?

A

Regionale (comprises 50% of production)
Village
Premier (1er) cru
Grand cru (accounts for less than 2%)

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7
Q

Of the 5 regions of Burgundy, which 2 have grand crus?

A

Cote d’Or

Chablis

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8
Q

What is the standard regional appellation for Burgundy and what styles of wine are allowed?

A

Bourgogne AOP

Red, white, and rose

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9
Q

Under the Bourgogne AOP, where can gamay be bottled/labelled varietally?

A

Beaujolais

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10
Q

In addition to geographic designations, what two AOPs are in the Cote d’Or?

A

Cote de Beaune-Villages AOP

Cote de Nuits-Village AOP

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11
Q

To be labeled Cote de Beaune-Villages AOP, wines must be ______ (white/red) and CANNOT be sourced from these 4 villages.

A

Red wine

Pommard
Volnay
Aloxe-Corton
Beaune

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12
Q

To be labeled Cote de Nuits-Villages AOP, wines must be sourced from these 5 villages.

A

Fixin and Brochon (north)

Prissey, Corgoloin, and Comblanchien (south)

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13
Q

What is the appellation for varietal wines produced solely from Aligote?

A

Bourgogne Aligote AOP

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14
Q

What is important about Bourgogne Passe-Tout-Grains AOP?

A

Red and rose wines produced from a Pinot Noir (min 30%) and Gamay (min 15%) blend where the grapes must be vinified together, not separately.

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15
Q

What are the two sparkling wine AOPs in Burgundy?

A

Cremant de Bourgogne

Bourgogne Mousseux

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16
Q

What is Bourgogne Mousseux AOP?

A

A sparkling wine AOP reserved exclusively for sparkling reds produced in a traditional method. It’s an older, rare appellation.

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17
Q

When was Cremant de Bourgogne AOP started and what are the requirements for classification?

A

Debuted in 1975.

AOP for hand-harvested, traditional method white and rose sparkling wines, primarily using chardonnay and pinot noir.

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18
Q

Although Cremant de Bourgogne can be produced all around Burgundy, where is production concentrated?

A

Rully in the Cote Chalonnaise

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19
Q

In village level wines from Cote d’Or, where are the grapes planted?

A

On the commune’s eastern side (slight slope) or along the far western side, near the forest. The grand and premier crus fall between these two extremes.

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20
Q

T/F: Grand cru wines in Burgundy are single vineyard sites with their own AOP status, independent of the village they lie within.

A

True

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21
Q

What is the smallest grand cru vineyard in the Cote d’Or?

A

La Romanee AOP (.85 ha)

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22
Q

What is the largest grand cru vineyard in the Cote d’Or?

A

Corton AOP (160ha)

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23
Q

What are the 3 AOPs of Chablis?

A

Chablis AOP
Petit Chablis AOP
Chablis Grand Cru AOP

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24
Q

T/F: To label wine as Chablis it must be made exclusively from Chardonnay.

A

True

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25
What soil type is found under all the premier and grand cru sites in Chablis?
Kimmeridgian marl
26
What is Kimmeridgian marl?
Soil type made from a mixture of limestone and clay laced with millions of oyster fossils.
27
Petit Chablis vines are planted on kimmeridgian marl that is covered over by what other type of soil?
Portlandien limestone
28
What is Burgundy's largest white wine growing region?
Chablis
29
Does premier cru Chablis traditionally use new oak?
No, traditionally new oak is reserved for grand crus.
30
There is only one grand cru appellation in Chablis (what is it?), but there are 7 geographic designations ("grand crus") within the appellation. What are they?
Chablis Grand Cru ``` Le Clos Vaudesir Valmur Preuses Banchot Bougros Grenouilles La Moutonne--unofficial (allowed on labels but not recognized as grand cru) ```
31
What soil type is found in the Cote d'Or?
Limestone is the building block and a mixture of limestone and clay make up the topsoil
32
What are combes?
A significant geological feature in the Cote d'Or that cuts the cotes into sections, serving as a conduit for cool breezes.
33
Vineyards in the Cote de Nuits face ________ while vineyards in the Cote de Beaune face ________.
CdN: due east CdB: southeast
34
Are the soil types the same in the Cote de Nuits and the Cote de Beaune?
Other than Montrachet, soils in the CdB usually obtain more marl and less limestone than the CdN.
35
In the Cote d'Or, all of the white wine grand crus in Burgundy, except for one, are located where? What is the exception?
Cote de Beaune Musigny may produce whites in the CdN
36
In the Cote d'Or, all of the red wine grand crus in Burgundy, except for one, are located where? What is the exception?
Cote de Nuits Corton
37
What are the village appellations in the Cote de Nuits (from N to S) and which ones are also allowed to produce white wines?
``` Marsannay* Fixin* Gevrey-Chambertin Morey-Saint-Denis* Chambolle-Musigny Vougeot* Vosne-Romanee Nuits-Saint-George* ``` * = also allowed to produce AOP white wine, but often very little if at all.
38
How many grand crus sites are in the Cote de Nuits?
24
39
What is the largest village appellation and also has the most grand crus within a single village in the Cote d'Or?
Gevrey-Chambertin
40
What are the grand crus of Gevrey-Chambertin?
``` Chambertin Chambertin-Clos de Beze Chapelle-Chambertin Charmes-Chambertin Griotte-Chambertin Latricieres-Chambertin Mazis-Chambertin Mazoyeres-Chambertin Ruchottes-Chambertin ```
41
What famous premier cru is located in Gevrey-Chambertin and why is it excluded from grand cru consideration?
Clos Saint-Jacques It doesn't touch the borders of Chambertin itself
42
What are some highly regarded domains of Gevrey-Chambertin?
Armand Rousseau Claude Dugat Jean-Marie Fourrier
43
What are the 2 grand crus in Chambolle-Musigny and what is the one premier cru site of note?
Musigny Bonnes Mares Les Amoureuses--premier cru
44
What are some producers of note in Chambolle-Musigny?
Georges de Vogue Chislaine Barthod George and Christophe Roumier Perrot-Minot
45
What are the 4 grand crus of Morey-Saint-Denis and what is the 5th one that is shared (who is it split with)?
``` Clos de Tart Clos de Lambrays Clos de la Roche Clos St-Denis Bonnes-Mares (mostly in Chambolle-Musigny) ```
46
Top producers of Morey-Saint-Denis
Dujac | Ponsot
47
What is the largest grand cru in the Cote de Nuits?
Clos de Vougeot (50ha)
48
What is the grand cru of Vougeot?
Clos de Vougeot
49
What are the 4 main premier crus of Vougeot?
Clos de la Perriere Les Petits Vougot Les Cras Le Clos Blanc
50
What are the 6 grand crus of Vosne-Romanee?
``` La Romanee (smallest AOP in France)--monopole La Tache--monopole Romanee-Conti--monopole La Grande Rue--monopole Richebourg Romanee-Saint-Vivant ```
51
What is the only premier cru of Vosne-Romanee that doesn't abut a grand cru site?
Clos de Reas
52
What are the 2 grand crus of Flagey-Echezeaux?
Echezeaux | Grand Echezeaux
53
What are the grand crus of Nuits-Saint-George?
There are none. There is talk of elevating the premier cru Les Saint-George to grand cru, though.
54
What hill/village marks the start of the Cote de Beaune?
Corton
55
What is the AOP in Corton that encompasses most of the grand crus?
Corton AOP
56
What two smaller appellations within Corton are designated for only grand cru white wine?
Corton-Charlemagne | Charlemagne
57
Corton, Corton-Charlemagne, and Charlemagne are all grand cru sites divided amongst 3 communes of Corton. What are these communes?
Aloxe-Corton Ladoix-Serrigny Pernand-Vergelesses
58
What is the epicenter of production in the Cote de Beaune? Does it have any grand or premier crus? What producers make it their home base?
Beaune is the commercial center of production--home to Joseph Drouhin, Bouchard Pere et Fils, and Louis Jadot. No grand crus, but Beaune is home to 42 premier crus of both white and red--85% of the vineyards are classified as premier cru!
59
Some premier crus in Meursault that are adjacent to Volnay can label their wines as ______ if they are made with pinot noir instead of chardonnay.
Volnay 1er Cru Santenots
60
What are some esteemed producers in Volnay
d'Angerville Hubert de Montille Michel Lafarge
61
What two village AOPs in the Cote de Beaune are reserved for red wines?
Volnay | Pommard
62
What commune produces the most white wine in the Cote d'Or? Does it have any grand crus?
Meursault No grand crus, although some premier crus like Perrieres, Les Genevrieres, and Les Charmes are of the same quality.
63
What are the grand crus of Puligny-Montrachet?
Montrachet (shared with Chassagne-Montrachet) Chevalier-Montrachet Bienvenues-Batard-Montrachet Batard-Montrachet (shared with Chassagne-Montrachet)
64
What are the grand crus of Chassagne-Montrachet?
Montrachet (shared with Puligny-Montrachet) Criots-Batard-Montrachet Batard-Montrachet (shared with Puligny-Montrachet)
65
What is the smallest white grand cru site in the Cote d'Or?
Criots-Batard-Montrachet
66
Famous producers in Puligny-Montrachet
Domain Leflaive | Jacques Carillon
67
What commune has the most premier cru sites in the Cote d'Or?
Chassagne-Montrachet
68
What factor makes ripening difficult in the Cote Chalonnaise?
It doesn't have the protection of the hills like the Cote d'Or does to protect it against the cool westerly winds.
69
Within Bourgogne-Cote Chalonnaise AOP, there are _____ communes producing red, white, and rose wines, with 5 main villages having their own appellation entirely. What are those 5?
44 communes within Bourgogne-Cote Chalonnaise ``` Bouzeron Rully Givry Mercurery Montagny ```
70
What appellations in the Cote Chalonnaise produce ONLY white wines?
Montagny and Bouzeron
71
What wines can be produced in Rully, Givry, and Mercurery?
Red or white wines Rully--primarily white Givry / Mercurery--some of the best reds in the Cote Chalonnaise
72
What is the only village appellation in Burgundy that produces varietal wines from Aligote?
Bouzeron
73
What is the main place of production for Cremant de Bourgogne? What is the main grape?
Rully | Chardonnay
74
The Maconnais is one of the largest producers of ________ wine in Burgundy, second only to _______.
White wine | Chablis
75
If red grapes are planted in the Maconnais, they are oftentimes _____.
Gamay
76
What wines can be produced in Macon AOP?
White, rose, and red (including varietally labeled Gamay)
77
To be labeled as Macon-Villages AOP, a wine must be _________.
White wine
78
In contrast to Chardonnay produced in the rest of Burgundy, in the Maconnais most producers ___________.
Ferment in stainless steel, not oak.
79
What are the 5 village AOPs in the Maconnais and what do they produce?
``` Pouilly-Fuisse Pouilly-Loche Pouilly-Vinzelles Saint-Veran Vire-Clesse ``` They only produce chardonnay!
80
What is the highest regarded winegrowing area in the Maconnais?
Pouilly-Fuisse
81
What is the youngest appellation in the Maconnais?
Vire-Clesse added in 1999
82
There are 11 AOPs in Beaujolais, including Beaujolais AOP and the 10 crus of Beaujolais. What are the crus?
``` St. Amour Julienas Moulin-a-Vent Chenas Fleurie Chiroubles Morgon Regnie Brouilly Cote de Brouilly ```
83
Most wines produced under Beaujolais AOP come from what part of the region?
The southern, flatter section of Beaujolais
84
Hand harvesting and __________ are widespread throughout Beaujolais production.
Carbonic Maceration
85
What are the grand crus of Chablis? Name a producer associated with each grand cru.
1. Blanchot: Raveneau 2. Bougros: William Fevre 3. Grenouilles: Benoit Droin 4. Les Clos: Vincent Dauvissat, Raveneau, Billaud-Simon 5. Preuses: Vincent Dauvissat, Sebastien Dauvissat, Billaud-Simon 6. Valmur: Raveneau 7. Vaudesir: Louis Michel
86
What is the only appellation in Burgundy for Sauvignon Blanc?
St. Bris AOP
87
What are the grand crus of Gevrey-Chambertin?
1. Chambertin 2. Chambertin Clos de Beze 3. Chapelle-Chambertin 4. Charmes-Chambertin 5. Griotte-Chambertin 6. Latricieres-Chambertin 7. Mazis-Chambertin 8. Mazoyeres-Chambertin 9. Ruchottes-Chambertin
88
Rousseau, Dujac, Ponsot, and Joseph Drouhin all make grand cru wine from this site in Gevrey-Chambertin.
Chambertin
89
Bonnes Mares, Clos de La Roche, Clos de Tart, Clos des Lambrays, and Clos St-Denis are all grand cru vineyards in what AOP?
Morey-Saint-Denis (Cote de Nuits)
90
Bonnes Mares and Musigny are the two grand cru vineyards in this appellation.
Chambolle-Musigny
91
What is the only grand cru site in Vougeot?
Clos de Vougeot
92
What are the Grand Crus of Vosne-Romanee?
1. Echezeaux 2. Grands-Echezeaux 3. La Grande Rue 4. Richebourg 5. La Romanee 6. Romanee-Conti 7. Romanee-Saint-Vivant 8. La Tache
93
La Tache is a monopole grand cru vineyard of what producer?
Domaine de la Romanee-Conti
94
Comte Liger-Belair has a monopole of this grand cru site.
La Romanee
95
What two grand cru sites of Corton produce white wine?
Corton-Charlemagne and Charlemagne

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