Burns

Question 1

What is the “rule” for measuring burn size on adults?

Answer 1

The rule of 9’s.

• calculates the total body surface area of burns by dividing the body into 9s

Question 2

1st degree burn is called…

Answer 2

superficial burn

Question 3

superficial burns involve what layer of the skin?

Answer 3

superficial epidermis

Question 4

A superficial 2nd degree burn is called…

Answer 4

superficial partial-thickness burn

Question 5

A superficial partial thickness burn involves what layer of the skin?

Answer 5

epidermis and upper dermis

Question 6

T/F: wet blistering occurs with a 2nd degree (superficial partial thickness) burn

Answer 6

True, wet blistering occurs

Question 7

A deep 2nd degree burn is called…

Answer 7

deep-partial thickness burn

Question 8

What level of pain is involved with a DEEP 2nd degree burn?

Answer 8

severe pain

Question 9

What layer of skin is involved in a DEEP 2nd degree burn (deep-partial thickness burn)?

Answer 9

epidermis, deep dermis, hair follicles, and sweat glands

Question 10

T/F: Deep partial thickness (deep 2nd degree burns) have a low risk of developing into a full thickness burn?

Answer 10

FALSE
- deep 2nd degree burns have a high risk of turning into a full thickness burn due to infection

Question 11

What is a 3rd degree burn called?

Answer 11

Full thickness burn

Question 12

What layers of the skin are involved in a 3rd degree (full thickness) burn?

Answer 12

• epidermis, dermis, hair follicles, sweat glands, AND NERVE ENDINGS

Question 13

T/F: full thickness burns are painful

Answer 13

FALSE: full thickness (3rd degree) burns are not painful and have no sensation

Question 14

What is the most severe type of burn?

Answer 14

Subdermal burn

Question 15

What is exposed when an individual ha a subdermal burn?

Answer 15

underlying tissue (including fat, muscles, and even bone)

Question 16

Examples of thermal burns

Answer 16

heat, flame, scald, cold

Question 17

Examples of radiation burns

Answer 17

sunburns, x-rays, radiation therpay

Question 18

2 types of electrical burns

Answer 18

High and Low voltage

• low voltage is more dangerous, because it makes it harder to withdraw a limb from the electricity

Question 19

During the emergent phase (0-72 hrs after burn) what is critical?

Answer 19

sustaining life, controlling infection, and managing pain

Question 20

What is involved in sustaining life during the emergent phase (0-72 hrs after burn)?

Answer 20

the risk of dehydration and hypo/hyperthermia

Question 21

What is the purpose of wound dressings?

Answer 21

protect wounds against infection, superficially debride the wound, and provide comfort

Question 22

During the acute phase, what is the focus of treatment?

Answer 22

infection control and grafts

Question 23

What should be involved in the diet of someone in the acute phase of burn injury (72 hours after)?

Answer 23

high-protein and with proper hydration

Question 24

OT role in the emergent phase (0-72 hours after burn) includes…

Answer 24

observation of burn sites, info gathering of PLOF, and splinting

Question 25

What is the position the hand should be in after burn to this area?

Answer 25

Intrinsic plus position

Question 26

Should the neck, elbow, and knee be in flexion OR extension following burn?

Answer 26

Extension (neck should be in neutral or with slight extension)

Question 27

Shoulder/axilla should be in what position following burn?

Answer 27

abduction 100-120 degrees with slight ER

Question 28

What degree should the wrist be positioned in following burn?

Answer 28

30 degrees extension

Question 29

What degree should the MCP's be positioned in following burn?

Answer 29

70 degrees flexion

Question 30

What degree should the IP's be positioned in following burn?

Answer 30

0 degrees extension

Question 31

3 components of edema management

Answer 31

Elevation, AROM, wrapping

Question 32

You are working with a patient with LE burns, what should you do before prolonged sitting EOB, standing, or walking?

Answer 32

apply compression wrapping to the LE to avoid pooling of fluid/blood

Question 33

Following a skin graft operation what is key?

Answer 33

immobilization to allow for graft adherence

Question 34

A patient is has completed their immobilization stage following a skin graft, what should you do next?

Answer 34

gentle AROM to avoid shearing

Question 35

During the rehabilitation phase, what is important when addressing skin conditioning?

Answer 35

skin lubrication to prevent dry skin and massage to desensitize

Question 36

A patient with a burn develops heterotopic ossification. What does this mean?

Answer 36

formation of bone in abnormal areas

Question 37

A patient with a burn develops heterotopic ossification. What type of movement should you engage them in?

Answer 37

pain-free AROM to preserve joint movement. - discontinue PROM/Passive stretching!!

Question 38

What is pruritis?

Answer 38

persistent itching

Question 39

what may help a patient with pruritis following a burn?

Answer 39

compression garments, skin lubrication, and use of cold packs

Question 40

A patient has a dorsal hand burn. What precaution should you keep in mind?

Answer 40

Boutionniere precaution

Question 41

How can you avoid Boutionniere deformity in a patient with a dorsal hand burn?

Answer 41

ROM should be as follows - MP ROM with IPs in full extension - IP ROM with MPs in full extension

Question 42

T/F: a volumeter should be used to measure edema management for an individual with and open hand burn

Answer 42

FALSE, this should be avoided until wounds are closed