Burns

Question 1

Describe a first degree burn

Answer 1

Lack of blisters, dry in appearance, red and painful. (Superficial)

Question 2

Describe a second degree burn

Answer 2

Blisters, red or white in appearance, wet looking. (Partial thickness.)

Question 3

Describe a third degree burn

Answer 3

All layers are destroyed appear black or white and dry. No pain, appears leathery. (Full thickness burn.)

Question 4

What are the 8 parts of the EMT-B portion of this protocol?

Answer 4

Initial assessment, pulse oximetry / oxygen, stop the burning process, brush off solid or dry chemicals prior to irrigation, cover thermal burns with dry sterile dressing, immobilize if indicated, determine extent of burn

Question 5

What is the paramedic portion of this protocol?

Answer 5

cardiac monitor, establish 2 IVs, treat shock, consider pain control, if evidence of myoglobinuria administer sodium bicarbonate, transport to appropriate trauma facility.

Question 6

What is myoglobinuria?

Answer 6

Its the presence of myoglobin in the urine usually caused by muscle destruction or injury.

Question 7

What is the dosage for sodium bicarbonate?

Answer 7

1 mEq/kg IV

Question 8

What is the dosage for Fentanyl?

Answer 8

1 to 3 mcg/kg slow IVP if systolic BP is greater than 90 mmHg

Question 9

What is the RAA formula for fluid resuscitation in burn patients and when is it used?

Answer 9

(burns to greater than 20% BSA)
3mL x pt. weight in kg x % of BSA burned = 24 hour fluid replacement.
Divide this by half and administer this in the first 8 hours.

Question 10

Around the areas of the burn you should remove:

Answer 10

clothing and constricting items

Question 11

What types of burns should be transferred directly to a Level 1 Trauma center? (8)

Answer 11

1) burns over 25% of BSA
2) 2 degree burns over 10% of BSA
3) 2 and 3 degree burns to face, eyes, hands, or feet
4) Electrical burns
5) respiratory burns
6) deep chemical burns
7) burns with extremes of age or chronic disease
8) Burns associated with major traumatic injury

Question 12

Burn patients are prone to hypothermia never cool burns involving over ____ percent of BSA.

Answer 12

15%

Question 13

What is the percentage given to each body part when calculating burn percentage:
Head
Trunk (Front)
Trunk (Back)
Left arm
Right Arm
Left Leg
Right Leg
Genitalia

Answer 13

Head: 9%
Trunk (Front): 18%
Trunk (Back): 18%
Left arm: 9%
Right arm: 9%
Left leg: 18%
Right leg: 18%
Genitalia: 1%