Burns And Wound Flashcards
(131 cards)
1
Q
Causes
Flames, scald, steam
A
Thermal - hot
2
Q
Causes
Changes in sensation in cold
A
IBAN
Intense COLD
Burning pain
Aching pain
Numbness
3
Q
Two types of thermal
A
Hot and cold
4
Q
Causes
Considered as a third degree burn
A
Chemical
5
Q
Causes
Eg. Liquid chemicals, gas, kitchen and bathroom materials
A
Chemical
6
Q
Causes
Considered as a fourth degree burn
A
Electrical
7
Q
Caused by a passage of an electric current
A
Electrical
8
Q
Has an entrance and exit wound
A
Electrical
9
Q
Causes
Complications in heart, lungs, neurological, eyes, fracture
A
Electrical
10
Q
Causes
Lasers radiation therapy
A
Radiation
11
Q
Causes of burns
A
Thermal
Chemical
Electrical
Radiation
Friction
12
Q
A local injury to the skin
A
Burn
13
Q
It assess the depth of burn injury and gives prognosis to cells affected
A
Zones of burn injurh
14
Q
It assess the depth of burn injury and gives prognosis to cells affected
A
Zones of burn injurh
15
Q
What are the 3 zones of injury
A
CoSH
Coagulation/necrosis
Stasis/Ischemia
Hyperemia/inflammation
16
Q
Zone
Most severe injury
A
Coagulation/necrosis
17
Q
Zones
Has irreversible damage
A
Coagulation/necrosis
18
Q
Zones
Reversible cell damage
A
Stasis/Ischemia
19
Q
Zones
If not treated within 24-48hrs cells may die
A
Stasis/Ischemia
20
Q
Zones
Minimal cell damage
A
Hyperemia/inflammation
21
Q
Zones
Vasodilation and inflammation WITHOUT permanent damage
A
Hyperemia/inflammation
22
Q
Zone
Cells will regenerate in time
A
Hyperemia/Inflammation
23
Q
Scars
Within the boundary
A
Hypertrophic
24
Q
Scars
Outside the boundary
A
Keloid
25
For mx of hypertrophic scars
Pressure garments
26
Severity of burn
2nd degree
Minor
<15%
27
Severity of burn
2nd degree
Moderate
15-30%
28
Severity of burn
2nd degree
Major Critical
>30%
29
Severity of burn
3rd degree
Minor
<2%
30
Severity of burn
3rd degree
Moderate
2-10%
31
Severity of burn
3rd degree
Major/Critical
>10%
32
Severity of burn
What degrrr
Burn on face, perineum, hands, feet, smoke inhallation, fractures, complications
Major/Critical
33
How many % in Adult and Child
HEAD
TRUNK
1 UE
Perineum
1 LE
U know it
34
What are the complications in burn (10)
Pain
Cardiac
Pulmonary
Heterotropic ossificans
Myositis ossificans
Infection
Fracture
Contracture
Neurological
CATARACTS
35
Complications
More superficial more painful
Pain
36
Complications
Nerves are INTACT
Pain
37
Complications
Arrhythmia, HYPOvolemia, HYPOxia
Cardiac
38
Complications
Smoke inhallation injury, HYPOventilation, Pneumonia
Pulmonary
39
Complications
Abnormal bone growth AT JOINTS
Heterotropic ossificans
40
Complications
Abnormal bone growth AT MUSCLES
MYOsitis ossificans
41
Common site for heterotropic ossificans
Posterior elbow
42
Common site for myositis ossificans (UE and LE)
UE - brachialis
LE - Quads
43
Complications
MC cause of death in burn patients
Infection
44
Complications
Most significant cause of loss of function
Infection
45
Grafting
Allograft aka
Homograft
46
Grafting
Xenograft aka
Heterograft
47
Grafting
Taken from same species
Allograft
48
Taken from different species
Xenograft
49
Taken from patients own skin
Autograft
50
Grafting
Eg. Donor ,cadaver
Allograft
51
Grafting
Eg. Pig skin, fish skin
Xenograft
52
Grafting
Common site is in: CHAB (cheeks hips, abdomen, buttocks)
Autograft
53
Grafting
Laboratory grown
Cultured
54
Grafting
Synthetic
Artificial
55
Grafting
Cultured/artificial
Biosynthetic graft
56
Grafting
Epidermis and UPPER dermis taken from donor
SPLIT thickness graft
57
Grafting
Epidermis and WHOLE Dermis taken from donor
FULL Thickness graft
58
Delay in rom exercises how many days
3-7days
59
Delay in ambulation how many days
1-10 days
60
Pressure ulcer aka
P___ sore
B___ sore
I____ Sore
D___ ulcer
Pressure sore
Bed sore
Ischemic sore
Decubitus ulcer
61
Reuslt to prolonged/sustained pressure of tissue over bony prominence
Pressure ulcer
62
Most common site of pressure ulcer in adult
Sacrum
63
Most common site of pressure ulcer in children
Occiput
64
Proper positioning in supine (pressure ulcer)
Every 2hrs
65
Proper positioning in sitting (pressure ulcer)
Every 15-20minutes
66
Pressure Ulcer Stage
Superficial skin loss
I
67
Pressure Ulcer Stage
Partial thickness skin loss (epi and dermis)
II
68
Pressure Ulcer Stage
Full thickness skin loss (epi, dermi, s.t.)
III
69
Pressure Ulcer Stage
Full thickness skin loss (epi, dermi, s.t.) extending to fascia, mm, and bones
IV
70
Pressure Ulcer Stage
Painful, itchy, NON-blanchable erythema, warmer/cooler, firm/soft
I
71
Pressure Ulcer Stage
(+) abrasion, SHALLOW crater, blisters
II
72
Pressure Ulcer Stage
(+) DEEP crater and may or may not have tunneling/undermining
III
73
Pressure Ulcer Stage
(+) Tunneling/undermining
IV
74
Pressure Ulcer Stage
Osteitis/osteomyelitis possible
IV
75
Pressure Ulcer Stage
Palpable tendon or bone
IV
76
Neuropathic ulcer
Aka
Diabetic ulcer
77
Ulcer
LOSS of protective sensations
Neuropathic u.
78
Ulcer
Assoc c a combination of ISCHEMIA + NEUROPATHY
Neuropathic u.
79
MC site of neuropathic u.
PLANTAR aspect of foot
80
Best WB status for neuropathic u.
NWB
81
Wagner Ulcer Classification
No open lesion
0
82
Wagner Ulcer Classification
Superficial skin loss not involving ST (epi and dermi only)
I
83
Wagner Ulcer Classification
Deep ulcer skin loss through ST
(Epi + dermi + ST)
2
84
Wagner Ulcer Classification
Exposure of bones, muscle, tendons, fascia, cartilage
2
85
Wagner Ulcer Classification
Osteomyelitis and abscess formation and or osteitis
3
86
Wagner Ulcer Classification
Pre-ulcerative lesion with HEALED ulcers
0
87
Wagner Ulcer Classification
(+) bony deformities
0
88
Wagner Ulcer Classification
Gangrene of DIGIT
4
89
Wagner Ulcer Classification
Gangrene of FOOT
5
90
Wagner Ulcer Classification
Partial amputation
4
91
Wagner Ulcer Classification
Amputation of entire foot
5
92
DEBRIDEMENT
Removal of NON-viable tissues (Only!)
Selective
93
DEBRIDEMENT
Removal of VIABLE and NON-viable tissues
Non-Selective
94
SELECTIVE DEBRIDEMENT
use of sharp objects
Sharp D.
95
SELECTIVE DEBRIDEMENT
Use of body's own natural enzymes
AUTOlytic
96
SELECTIVE DEBRIDEMENT
Use of enzymes for debridement
Enzymatic d.
97
SELECTIVE DEBRIDEMENT
Knife, forceps, scissors
Sharp d.
98
SELECTIVE DEBRIDEMENT
Use of enzymatic DIGESTION
AUTOlytic
99
SELECTIVE DEBRIDEMENT
Used when autolytic debridement is not applicable for the patient
Enzzymatic d.
100
SELECTIVE DEBRIDEMEN
DOES NOT USE ANESTHESIA
Sharp D.
101
SELECTIVE DEBRIDEMENT
(+) enzymes
(+) dressing
Autolytic
102
SELECTIVE DEBRIDEMENT
(+) Enzymes (only)
Enzymatic D.
103
SELECTIVE DEBRIDEMENT
Done by therapist
Sharp D.
104
NON-SELECTIVE D.
Aka
Mechanical D.
105
SELECTIVE DEBRIDEMENT
Use of pressurized water to remove N.T.
Wound Irrigation
106
SELECTIVE DEBRIDEMENT
Whirlpool WITH agitation
Hydrotherapy
107
SELECTIVE DEBRIDEMENT
Softens and loosens wound
Hydrotherapy
108
SELECTIVE DEBRIDEMENT
Side effect of hydrotherapy
Edema
109
Solution applied with clean wound
Normal saline solution
110
Applied in hydrotherapy if px has infection on wound
Povidone iodine/hydrogen peroxide
111
Applied when wound has serous or clear drainage
Normal saline solution
112
Applied when wound has pus or purulent, green necrotic tissues
Povidone iodine/ hydrogen peroxide
113
PT/OT MX
Negative pressure wound therapy is aka
Vacuum assisted closure (VAP)
114
PT/OT MX
Pt is placed in a closed chamber with 100% oxygen at GREATER THAN 1 Atmosphere (2-3X Inc in atmosphere)
HYPERBaric Oxygen
115
PT/OT MX
Anode is for clean/infected
Clean
116
PT/OT MX
Cathode is for clean/infected
Infected
117
PT/OT MX
for ACUTE/CHRONIC wounds
Negatibe pressure wound therapy
118
PT/OT Mx
For pts with EDEMA and to HYPEROxygenate wound
Hyperbaric oxygen
119
PT/OT MX
wound has dressing attached then a secondary dressing is also attached via tubing to a vacuum pump
Negative pressure wound therapy
Or vacuum assisted closure
120
DRESSING
Under dry wounds
Hydrogel
TRANSPARENT FILM
Wet to wet dressing
121
DRESSING
Under minimal to moderate dressing
Hydrocolloid
Wet to dry
122
ModeRATE to heavy drainage
Calcium algiNATE
SEMI PERMEABLE
Dry to dry dressing
123
Gel + water
Hydrogel - dry wound
124
Partial to full thickness wound (2)
Minimal to moderate d.
Moderate to heavy d.
125
Gel forming
Minimal to mod or mod to heavy
Minimal to mod
126
Highly absorptive
Minimal to mod or mod to heavy
Mod to heavy
127
DRAINAGE
Clear, watery, transparent
Trasnsudate
128
DRAINAGE
Clear with tinge of brown/red
SEROSANGUINEOUS
129
DRAINAGE
Yellow/brown, CREAMY, THICK
Exudate
130
DRAINAGE
Yellow/Brown, thick MOD-HEAVY d.
Pus/Purulent
131
DRAINAGE
Yellow/green/blue, thick, and FOUL SMELLING
Infected Pus
