business- human resources

Question 1

Types of motivation

Answer 1

motivation using money- increasing higher pay or bonuses gives a reward for employees
motivation without money- factors like praise or oppurtunity to carry out a more interesting job

Question 2

why do people work

Answer 2

• physiological needs
• safety needs
• love and belonging needs
• ego or self esteem needs
• self actualisation

Question 3

benefits of a motivated workforce

Answer 3

• increased productivity- motivated individuals work harder and try their best to their job as efficiently as possible
• Improved employee retention rates-mor likely to stay loyal to the business they are working at, this avoids cost of recruitment
• higher levels of sales- emplyees will want to meet the needs of customers
• improved recruiment and selection- help give businesses a good reputation as employer

Question 4

methods of motivation- non financial

Answer 4

increasing authority through job enrichment- finding jobs emplyees have an interest in doing
training- shows the owner values the employee
management styles- mangers who retain authority- managers who allow juniour emplyees to make decisions
fringe benefits

Question 5

methods of motivation- financial

Answer 5

salary- the income recieved by an emplyee stated as an annual figure
wages- usually paid each week and emplyees normally work an agreed number of hours
piecework- paid for the quantity of products produced
commission- payment to an employee based on level of sales made over a time period
profit sharing-nemployees reciev a share of the businesses profits alongside their normal wages and salaries

Question 6

Importance of training

Answer 6

• improvement of productivity
• more motivated employees
  improved rates of employee retention
• production of high quality goods amd high levels of quality of service

Question 7

Types of training

Answer 7

induction training- the first type of training you can recieve
On the job ttaining- dont leave the workplace
- off the job training

Question 8

benefits of induction training

Answer 8

• helps new employees intergrate with other employees before starting the job
• help retention

Question 9

types of induction training

Answer 9

• work shadowing
  -formal training sessions
  -computer based training

Question 10

benefits of on the job

Answer 10

• relatively cheap
• ## target the exact needs of the business

Question 11

drawbacks of on the job

Answer 11

unlikely to bring new idea
unavailable to work within the business for a period of time

Question 12

benefits of off the job

Answer 12

• bring in new ideas and approaches into a business
• expensive helps to motivate employees

Question 13

drawbacks of off the job

Answer 13

-expensive
- employees may leave

Question 14

factors that influence decisios o types of training

Answer 14

• businesses financial position
• skills in the workforce

Question 15

full time benefits employer

Answer 15

• full time employees may be more skilled and experianced as a result of being at work more
• employerss may benefit knowing emloyees in more- healthier communication

Question 16

full time benefits employees

Answer 16

• workers are paid for more hours each week-improve living standard
• more likely to gain a promotion they can attend more training courses and gain more experiance

Question 17

Part time beneifts employers

Answer 17

• part time employees can help business to cope with busy periods during the week
• some businesses need specialists that erent needed throughout the week

Question 18

Part time beneifts employees

Answer 18

• fit in other commitments
• older employees dont want full time but dont want to stop working

Question 19

job sharing

Answer 19

• two or more people combine to fill a single job role
• broader randge of skills
• not being able to communicate well

Question 20

zero hours

Answer 20

• not guarenteed a set amount of time
• do not have to accept any hours they are offered

Question 21

wide span of control means-

Answer 21

• large number of people reportin to a manager

Question 22

tall span of control means-

Answer 22

• smaller number of people are under each director

Question 23

delegation

Answer 23

• passing down authority to more junior employees

Question 24

authority

Answer 24

• using a tall structures means directors can watch employees closely

Question 25

S.P.I.C.E.D

Answer 25

-strong pound imports cheaper exports dearer - more expensive for those outside the uk to buy exported goods meaning they will buy less meaning less profits

Question 26

W.P.I.D.E.C

Answer 26

-weak pound imports dearer exports cheaper - costs reduce-lower prices- moe profit

Question 27

tall organisation structure

Answer 27

- longer chain of command - narrow span of control - managers can moniter their employees more carefully - communication can be slow and difficult- miscommunication

Question 28

flat organisation structure

Answer 28

- short chain of command - wide span of control - can be difficult to manage employees effectively - communication is faster

Question 29

centralised structure

Answer 29

- all major decisions are made by only a few senior managers - senior managers are experianced - can slow down decision making and communication

Question 29

insufficent communication

Answer 29

- less efficent and productive work - slow to recieve important messages - time and money could be wasted - demotivate staff- less valued

Question 29

decentralised structure

Answer 29

- authority to make decisions is shared out - employees can use expert knowledge to make decisions - quicker decisions as less communication with higher people - inconsisitancies

Question 30

excessive communication

Answer 30

- inefficent - waste time - conflicting messages confusion time wastage - less efficent ad productive

Question 31

job descrption

Answer 31

- formal title of a job, the main purposeof the job,main duties plus any occasional duties

Question 32

person specification

Answer 32

- lists the qualification,experiance,skills and attitudes needed for the job

Question 33

internal recruitment

Answer 33

- re cruiting current employees into new roles. The job position is advertised within the company. - the advantages of this are ist cheaper - post can be filled much quicker - candidates will already know a lot about the firm - no new ideas

Question 34

external recruitment

Answer 34

- involves recruiting from outside the business - job advert will be soon by more people, more likely to find somebody really suited to the job - advertising externally isnt cheap

Question 35

benefits of effective recruitment

Answer 35

- higher productivity- a person with the right skills and qualities may not need much training. - high quality output- people with the best skills will make higher quality products - good customer service- people well suited for their job, will enjoy their job - staff retention-

Question 36

benefits of training and development to employers

Answer 36

- trained staff will be better at their job because they understand it better - training helps staff to be up to date with changes e.g technology - training staff can help businesses to cover skill shortgages in their workforces - overall training is likely to make staff feel more motivated

Question 37

benefits of training and development to employees

Answer 37

- up to date knowledge and skills increases job satisfaction and motivation - promoted jobs with better pay and more responsibility