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business quiz 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is organizational culture?

A

Shared values, beliefs, and behaviors that shape how employees interact and work within a company.

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2
Q

What characterizes a Power Culture?

A

Central control by a single leader or small group, quick decision-making, and limited authority sharing.

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3
Q

What are the strengths of a Power Culture?

A
  • Fast decision-making
  • Strong leadership
  • Clear direction
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4
Q

What are the weaknesses of a Power Culture?

A
  • Favoritism
  • Lack of employee empowerment
  • Resistance to change
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5
Q

What is an example of a Power Culture?

A

A traditional law firm where the senior partner makes key decisions with little input from junior employees.

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6
Q

What defines a Role Culture?

A

Bureaucratic structure with clearly defined roles and responsibilities; power based on position.

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7
Q

What are the strengths of a Role Culture?

A
  • Stability
  • Predictability
  • Efficiency in large organizations
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8
Q

What are the weaknesses of a Role Culture?

A
  • Inflexibility
  • Slow adaptation to change
  • Hinder innovation
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9
Q

What is an example of a Role Culture?

A

Government agencies or large corporations like banks, where strict policies are followed.

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10
Q

What characterizes a Task Culture?

A

Focus on teamwork and problem-solving with teams formed based on expertise.

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11
Q

What are the strengths of a Task Culture?

A
  • Adaptability
  • High engagement
  • Effectiveness in dynamic environments
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12
Q

What are the weaknesses of a Task Culture?

A
  • Potential for conflict if roles are unclear
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13
Q

What is an example of a Task Culture?

A

A tech startup where employees work in cross-functional teams to develop software.

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14
Q

What defines a Person Culture?

A

Prioritizes individuals over the organization; employees are highly skilled and work independently.

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15
Q

What are the strengths of a Person Culture?

A
  • Employee satisfaction
  • Autonomy
  • Motivation
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16
Q

What are the weaknesses of a Person Culture?

A
  • Lack of organizational unity
  • Difficulty in decision-making
  • Potential for conflict
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17
Q

What is an example of a Person Culture?

A

A university department where professors prioritize their research over institutional goals.

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18
Q

What characterizes an Entrepreneurial Culture?

A

Encourages risk-taking, innovation, and flexibility, common in startups.

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19
Q

What are the strengths of an Entrepreneurial Culture?

A
  • Encourages creativity
  • Rapid growth
  • Adaptability
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20
Q

What are the weaknesses of an Entrepreneurial Culture?

A
  • Can be chaotic
  • Lack of stability
  • Potential for burnout
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21
Q

What is an example of an Entrepreneurial Culture?

A

A Silicon Valley startup that evolves its product offerings and market strategies.

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22
Q

What is Hofstede’s framework?

A

Analyzes how cultural differences influence business practices and leadership styles.

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23
Q

What does Power Distance measure?

A

How much subordinates accept unequal power distribution.

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24
Q

What characterizes high power distance cultures?

A
  • Strong hierarchy
  • Authority is respected
  • Centralized decision-making
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25
What characterizes low power distance cultures?
* Equality * Open communication * Decentralized decision-making
26
What is an example of high power distance?
Japan, where employees wait for directives from top management.
27
What is an example of low power distance?
Sweden, where employees discuss ideas openly with their bosses.
28
What does Individualism vs. Collectivism refer to?
The focus on personal goals versus group harmony and loyalty.
29
What characterizes individualistic cultures?
* Focus on personal goals * Independence * Self-reliance
30
What characterizes collectivist cultures?
* Group harmony * Loyalty * Consensus over individual desires
31
What is an example of an individualistic culture?
The USA, where employees are encouraged to compete for promotions.
32
What is an example of a collectivist culture?
China, where teamwork and collective decision-making are prioritized.
33
What does Masculinity vs. Femininity measure?
The competitive versus cooperative nature of a culture.
34
What characterizes masculine cultures?
* Competitive * Achievement-oriented * Focus on material success
35
What characterizes feminine cultures?
* Emphasize work-life balance * Cooperation * Quality of life
36
What is an example of a masculine culture?
Japan, where long work hours and performance-based rewards are emphasized.
37
What is an example of a feminine culture?
Denmark, where family time and well-being are prioritized.
38
What does Long vs. Short-Term Orientation refer to?
The focus on future rewards versus traditions and quick results.
39
What characterizes long-term oriented cultures?
* Focus on future rewards * Perseverance * Adaptability
40
What characterizes short-term oriented cultures?
* Focus on traditions * Social obligations * Quick results
41
What is an example of a long-term oriented culture?
China, where heavy investment in employee training is made for long-term success.
42
What is an example of a short-term oriented culture?
The USA, where immediate quarterly profits are prioritized.
43
What does Indulgence vs. Restraint measure?
The encouragement of leisure and personal freedom versus controlled desires.
44
What characterizes indulgent cultures?
* Encourage leisure * Happiness * Personal freedom
45
What characterizes restrained cultures?
* Strict social norms * Controlled desires * Limited leisure activities
46
What is an example of an indulgent culture?
Brazil, which embraces festivals and celebrations.
47
What is an example of a restrained culture?
South Korea, which emphasizes discipline and social expectations.
48
What does Uncertainty Avoidance measure?
The preference for rules and stability versus openness to risk and innovation.
49
What characterizes high uncertainty avoidance cultures?
* Preference for rules * Structure * Stability
50
What characterizes low uncertainty avoidance cultures?
* Open to risk * Innovation * Flexibility
51
What is an example of high uncertainty avoidance?
Greece, where employees prefer well-defined job roles.
52
What is an example of low uncertainty avoidance?
The USA, where adaptability and innovation are valued.
53
What are cultural clashes?
Conflicts arising from different corporate or national cultures.
54
What is internal growth in an organizational context?
Expansion through reinvestment, innovation, or increasing market share.
55
What is an example of internal growth?
A local coffee shop expanding by opening new branches.
56
What is external growth in an organizational context?
Companies combining, often bringing together different organizational cultures.
57
What is an example of external growth?
The merger of Daimler-Benz and Chrysler, which faced cultural clashes.
58
What are different leadership styles that can affect cultural clashes?
* Autocratic * Democratic * Laissez-faire * Transformational
59
What is an example of a democratic leadership style?
Google’s approach of inclusive decision-making.
60
What is the importance of understanding organizational culture and Hofstede’s dimensions?
Helps businesses navigate international expansion, mergers, and leadership challenges.

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