Buttocks

Question 1

Tensor Fascia Latae origin

Answer 1

Anterolateral superior iliac spine

Question 2

Tensor Fascia Latae insertion

Answer 2

Iliotibial band (and thus Gerdys tubercle)

Question 3

Tensor Fascia Latae action

Answer 3

Assist flexion, abduction, and internal rotation of the thigh, tense fascia lata

Question 4

Tensor Fascia Latae innervation and spinal level

Answer 4

Superior gluteal (L4-S1)

Question 5

Gluteus Maximus origin

Answer 5

Posterlateral sacrum, gluteal surface of posterior ilium, thoracolumbar fascia, and sarotuberous ligament

Question 6

Gluteus Maximus insertion

Answer 6

Iliotibial band and gluteal tuberosity

Question 7

Gluteus Maximus action

Answer 7

Extension, external rotation
Also:
upper fibers- abduction
Lower fibers- assist adduction at hip

Question 8

Gluteus Maximus innervation and spinal level

Answer 8

Inferior gluteal L5-S2

Question 9

Gluteus medius origin

Answer 9

Upper/ outer surface of the ilium

Question 10

Gluteus medius insertion

Answer 10

Greater trochanter (lateral surface)

Question 11

Gluteus medius action

Answer 11

Abduct thigh
In addition:
anterior part-assist in internal rotation;may assist flexion of thigh
Posterior part- assists external rotation and extension of thigh

Question 12

Gluteus medius innervation and spinal level

Answer 12

Superior gluteal L4-S1

Question 13

Gluteus minimus origin

Answer 13

Outer middle surface of the ilium

Question 14

Gluteus minimus insertion

Answer 14

Greater trochanter (anterolateral surface)

Question 15

Gluteus minimus action

Answer 15

Abduct thigh
In addition:
Anterior part- assist internal rotation; may assist flexion of thigh
Posterior part- assist external rotation and extension of thigh

Question 16

Gluteus minimus innervation and spinal level

Answer 16

Superior gluteal L4-S1)

Question 17

Piriformis origin

Answer 17

Anterolateral (pelvic) surface of the sacrum

Question 18

Piriformis insertion

Answer 18

Great trochanter (apex)

Question 19

Piriformis action

Answer 19

External rotate thigh (in neutral); abduct thigh when at least slightly flexed (= horizontal abduction), extend hip, IR (when hip flexed past 60)

Question 20

Piriformis innervation and spinal level

Answer 20

Nerve to piriformis S1-2

Question 21

Obturator internus origin

Answer 21

Internal (pelvic) side of obturator foremen and membrane

Question 22

Obturator internus insertion

Answer 22

Greater trochanter (medial surface)

Question 23

Obturator internus action

Answer 23

External rotation of thigh, adduction, extension, (can help abduction depending on hips position)

Question 24

Obturator internus innervation and spinal level

Answer 24

Nerve to obturator internus L5-S1

Question 25

Superior gemellus origin

Answer 25

Ischial spine

Question 26

Superior gemellus insertion

Answer 26

Greater trochanter (via obturator internus tendon)

Question 27

Superior gemellus action

Answer 27

External rotation of thigh, adduction, extension, (can help abduction depending on hips position)

Question 28

Superior gemellus innervation and spinal level

Answer 28

Nerve to gemellus superior L5-S1

Question 29

Inferior gemellus origin

Answer 29

Ischial tuberosity

Question 30

Inferior gemellus insertion

Answer 30

Greater trochanter (via obturator internus tendon)

Question 31

Inferior gemellus action

Answer 31

External rotation of thigh, adduction, extension, (can help abduction depending on hips position)

Question 32

Inferior gemellus innervation and spinal level

Answer 32

Nerve to gemellus inferior L5-S1

Question 33

Quadratus femoris origin

Answer 33

Ischial tuberosity (lateral border)

Question 34

Quadratus femoris insertion

Answer 34

Intertrochanteric crest (quadrate tubercle), lesser trochanter

Question 35

Quadratus femoris action

Answer 35

External rotation and adduction of thigh

Question 36

Quadratus femoris innervation and spinal level

Answer 36

Nerve to quadratus femoris L5-S1

Question 37

Obturator externus origin

Answer 37

Outer (external) margin of obturator foremen and membrane

Question 38

Obturator externus insertion

Answer 38

Trochanteric fossa

Question 39

Obturator externus action

Answer 39

External rotation; adduction of thigh

Question 40

Obturator externus innervation and spinal level

Answer 40

Branch of obturator L3-4