Buzz phrase or Scenario from Top 100 secrets pg 15-17

Question 1

Friction rub

Answer 1

Pericarditis

Question 2

Kussmaul breathing (deep, rapid breathing)

Answer 2

Diabetic Ketoacidosis

Question 3

Kayser-Fleisher ring in the eye

Answer 3

Wilson disease

Question 4

Bitot spots

Answer 4

Vitamin A deficiency

Question 5

Dendritic corneal ulcers on fluorescein stain of the eye

Answer 5

Herpes keratitis

Question 6

Cherry red spot on the macula without hepatosplenomegaly

Answer 6

Tay-Sachs disease

Question 7

Cherry red spot on the macula with hepatosplenomegaly

Answer 7

Niemann-Pick disease

Question 8

Bronze skin plus diabetes

Answer 8

Hemochromatosis

Question 9

Malar rash on the face

Answer 9

SLE

Question 10

Heliotrope rash (purplish rash on the eyelids)

Answer 10

Dermatomyositis

Question 11

Clue cells

Answer 11

Gardenerella vaginalis infection

Question 12

Meconium ileus

Answer 12

Cystic fibrosis

Question 13

Rectal prolapse

Answer 13

Cystic fibrosis

Question 14

Salty-tasting infant

Answer 14

Cystic fibrosis

Question 15

Cafe-au-lait spots normal IQ

Answer 15

Neurofibromatosis

Question 16

Cafe-au-lait spots with mental retardation

Answer 16

McCune Albright or Tuberous sclerosis

Question 17

Worst headache of the patient’s life

Answer 17

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

Question 18

Abdominal striae

Answer 18

Cushing syndrome or pregnancy

Question 19

Honey ingestion

Answer 19

Infant botulism

Question 20

Left lower quadrant tenderness/rebound

Answer 20

Diverticulitis

Question 21

Children who torture animals

Answer 21

Conduct disorder

Question 22

Currant jelly stools in children

Answer 22

Intussusception

Question 23

Ambiguous genitalia and hypotension

Answer 23

21- hydroxylase deficiency in girls

Question 24

Cat like cry in an infant

Answer 24

Cri-du-chat syndrome (chromosome 5p deletion)

Question 25

Infant weighing more than 10 pounds

Answer 25

Maternal diabetes

Question 26

Anaphylaxis from immunoglobulin therapy

Answer 26

IgA deficiency (pt has anti IgA antibodies)

Question 27

Postpartum fever unresponsive to broad-spectrum antibiotics

Answer 27

Septic pelvic thrombophlebitis

Question 28

Increased hemoglobin A2 and anemia

Answer 28

Thalassemia

Question 29

Heavy young woman with papilledema and negative CT/MRI scan of head

Answer 29

Pseudotumor cerebri

Question 30

Low-grade fever in the first 24 hours after surgery

Answer 30

Atelectasis

Question 31

Vietnam veteran

Answer 31

PTSD

Question 32

Bilateral hilar adenopathy in black patient

Answer 32

Sarcoidosis

Question 33

Sudden death of a young athlete

Answer 33

Hypertrophic Obstructive CardioMyopathy

Question 34

Fractures or bruises in different stages of healing in a child

Answer 34

Child abuse

Question 35

Absent breath sounds in trauma patient

Answer 35

Penumothorax

Question 36

Constant clearing of throat in a child or teenager

Answer 36

Tourette syndrome

Question 37

Intermittent burst of swearing

Answer 37

Tourette syndrome

Question 38

Koilocytosis

Answer 38

Human papillomavirus or cytomegalovirus

Question 39

Rash develops after administration of ampicillin or amoxicillin for sore throat

Answer 39

Epstein-Barr virus infection

Question 40

Daytime sleepiness and occasional falling down (cataplexy)

Answer 40

Narcolepsy

Question 41

Facial port wine stain and seizures

Answer 41

Sturge-Weber syndrome

Question 42

Babinski sign

Answer 42

Stroking the bottom of the foot yields extension of the big toe and fanning of other toes (upper motor neuron lesion)

Question 43

Beck's triad

Answer 43

Jugular venous distention, muffled heart sounds, and hypotension (cardiac tamponade)

Question 44

Brudzinski sign

Answer 44

Pain on neck flexion with meningeal irritation (meningitis)

Question 45

Charcott's triad

Answer 45

Fever/chills, jaundice, and right upper quadrant pain (Cholangitis)

Question 46

Courvoisier sign

Answer 46

Painless, palapable gallbladder plus jaundice (pancreatic cancer)

Question 47

Chvostek sign

Answer 47

Tapping on the facial nerve elicits tetany (hypocalcemia)

Question 48

Cullen sign

Answer 48

Bluish discoloration of periumbilical area (pancreatitis with retroperioteneal hemorrhage)

Question 49

Cushing reflex

Answer 49

Hypertension, bradycardia, and irregular respirations (high intracranial pressure)

Question 50

Grey Turner sign

Answer 50

Bluish discoloration of flank (pancreatitis with retroperitoneal hemorrhage)

Question 51

Homan sign

Answer 51

Calf pain on forced dorsiflexion of the foot (deep venous thrombosis)

Question 52

Kehr sign

Answer 52

Pain in the left shoulder (ruptured spleen)

Question 53

Leriche syndrome

Answer 53

Claudication and atrophy of the buttock with impotence (aortoilliac occlusive disease)

Question 54

McBurney sign

Answer 54

Tenderness at McBurney point (appendicitis)

Question 55

Murphy's sign

Answer 55

Arrest of inspiration during palpation under the rib cage on the right (cholecystitis)

Question 56

Ortolani sign/test

Answer 56

Abducting an infant's flexed hips causes an palapable/audible click (congenital hip dysplasia)

Question 57

Prehn sign

Answer 57

Elevation of a painful testicle relieves pain (epididymitis vs testicular torsion)

Question 58

Rovsign sign

Answer 58

Pushing on the left lower quadrant the releasing your hand produces pain at McBurney's point

Question 59

Tinel sign

Answer 59

Pumping up a blood pressure cuff causes carpopedal spasm (tetany from hypocalcemia)

Question 60

Virchow's triad

Answer 60

Stasis, endothelial damage, and hypercoagulability (risk factors for deep venous thrombosis)