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step 2 rapid review > Buzz phrase or Scenario from Top 100 secrets pg 15-17 > Flashcards

Buzz phrase or Scenario from Top 100 secrets pg 15-17 Flashcards

1
Q

Friction rub

A

Pericarditis

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2
Q

Kussmaul breathing (deep, rapid breathing)

A

Diabetic Ketoacidosis

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3
Q

Kayser-Fleisher ring in the eye

A

Wilson disease

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4
Q

Bitot spots

A

Vitamin A deficiency

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5
Q

Dendritic corneal ulcers on fluorescein stain of the eye

A

Herpes keratitis

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6
Q

Cherry red spot on the macula without hepatosplenomegaly

A

Tay-Sachs disease

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7
Q

Cherry red spot on the macula with hepatosplenomegaly

A

Niemann-Pick disease

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8
Q

Bronze skin plus diabetes

A

Hemochromatosis

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9
Q

Malar rash on the face

A

SLE

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10
Q

Heliotrope rash (purplish rash on the eyelids)

A

Dermatomyositis

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11
Q

Clue cells

A

Gardenerella vaginalis infection

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12
Q

Meconium ileus

A

Cystic fibrosis

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13
Q

Rectal prolapse

A

Cystic fibrosis

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14
Q

Salty-tasting infant

A

Cystic fibrosis

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15
Q

Cafe-au-lait spots normal IQ

A

Neurofibromatosis

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16
Q

Cafe-au-lait spots with mental retardation

A

McCune Albright or Tuberous sclerosis

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17
Q

Worst headache of the patient’s life

A

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

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18
Q

Abdominal striae

A

Cushing syndrome or pregnancy

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19
Q

Honey ingestion

A

Infant botulism

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20
Q

Left lower quadrant tenderness/rebound

A

Diverticulitis

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21
Q

Children who torture animals

A

Conduct disorder

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22
Q

Currant jelly stools in children

A

Intussusception

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23
Q

Ambiguous genitalia and hypotension

A

21- hydroxylase deficiency in girls

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24
Q

Cat like cry in an infant

A

Cri-du-chat syndrome (chromosome 5p deletion)

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25
Q

Infant weighing more than 10 pounds

A

Maternal diabetes

26
Q

Anaphylaxis from immunoglobulin therapy

A

IgA deficiency (pt has anti IgA antibodies)

27
Q

Postpartum fever unresponsive to broad-spectrum antibiotics

A

Septic pelvic thrombophlebitis

28
Q

Increased hemoglobin A2 and anemia

A

Thalassemia

29
Q

Heavy young woman with papilledema and negative CT/MRI scan of head

A

Pseudotumor cerebri

30
Q

Low-grade fever in the first 24 hours after surgery

A

Atelectasis

31
Q

Vietnam veteran

A

PTSD

32
Q

Bilateral hilar adenopathy in black patient

A

Sarcoidosis

33
Q

Sudden death of a young athlete

A

Hypertrophic Obstructive CardioMyopathy

34
Q

Fractures or bruises in different stages of healing in a child

A

Child abuse

35
Q

Absent breath sounds in trauma patient

A

Penumothorax

36
Q

Constant clearing of throat in a child or teenager

A

Tourette syndrome

37
Q

Intermittent burst of swearing

A

Tourette syndrome

38
Q

Koilocytosis

A

Human papillomavirus or cytomegalovirus

39
Q

Rash develops after administration of ampicillin or amoxicillin for sore throat

A

Epstein-Barr virus infection

40
Q

Daytime sleepiness and occasional falling down (cataplexy)

A

Narcolepsy

41
Q

Facial port wine stain and seizures

A

Sturge-Weber syndrome

42
Q

Babinski sign

A

Stroking the bottom of the foot yields extension of the big toe and fanning of other toes (upper motor neuron lesion)

43
Q

Beck’s triad

A

Jugular venous distention, muffled heart sounds, and hypotension (cardiac tamponade)

44
Q

Brudzinski sign

A

Pain on neck flexion with meningeal irritation (meningitis)

45
Q

Charcott’s triad

A

Fever/chills, jaundice, and right upper quadrant pain (Cholangitis)

46
Q

Courvoisier sign

A

Painless, palapable gallbladder plus jaundice (pancreatic cancer)

47
Q

Chvostek sign

A

Tapping on the facial nerve elicits tetany (hypocalcemia)

48
Q

Cullen sign

A

Bluish discoloration of periumbilical area (pancreatitis with retroperioteneal hemorrhage)

49
Q

Cushing reflex

A

Hypertension, bradycardia, and irregular respirations (high intracranial pressure)

50
Q

Grey Turner sign

A

Bluish discoloration of flank (pancreatitis with retroperitoneal hemorrhage)

51
Q

Homan sign

A

Calf pain on forced dorsiflexion of the foot (deep venous thrombosis)

52
Q

Kehr sign

A

Pain in the left shoulder (ruptured spleen)

53
Q

Leriche syndrome

A

Claudication and atrophy of the buttock with impotence (aortoilliac occlusive disease)

54
Q

McBurney sign

A

Tenderness at McBurney point (appendicitis)

55
Q

Murphy’s sign

A

Arrest of inspiration during palpation under the rib cage on the right (cholecystitis)

56
Q

Ortolani sign/test

A

Abducting an infant’s flexed hips causes an palapable/audible click (congenital hip dysplasia)

57
Q

Prehn sign

A

Elevation of a painful testicle relieves pain (epididymitis vs testicular torsion)

58
Q

Rovsign sign

A

Pushing on the left lower quadrant the releasing your hand produces pain at McBurney’s point

59
Q

Tinel sign

A

Pumping up a blood pressure cuff causes carpopedal spasm (tetany from hypocalcemia)

60
Q

Virchow’s triad

A

Stasis, endothelial damage, and hypercoagulability (risk factors for deep venous thrombosis)

step 2 rapid review (11 decks)

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