Buzz Words Flashcards
(24 cards)
Leigh syndrome
Clinical findings of infant with seizures, muscle weakness, hypotonia, feeding problems, psychomotor development arrest, EXTRAOCULAR PALSIES, and LACTIC ACIDEMIA
Histologic findings of leigh syndrome
Multifocal lesions with spongiform appearance of brain tissue and vascular proliferation
Pain pathology of Leigh syndrome
Mutations in mitochondrial DNA that interfere with baby’s energy generation
Clinical features of anemia, thrombocytopenia, and cytokine storm with systemic activation of CD8+ and macrophages which phagocytose blood cell prognitors in the marros
Hemophagycytic lymphohistiocytoma
- EBV mc trigger
- macrophage activating syndrome
Most common site of metastasis of prostate cancer
Hematogenous: Bones (via Batson plexus) Descending order: -LUMBAR SPINE -proximal femmur -pelvis -thoracic spine -riibs
Lymphatic:
Obturator —> para-aortic nodes
PSA velocity
To predict eventual abnormal values in men at risk for prostate cancer
Get the rate of change in PSA is usually 0.75ng/mL per year with at least 3 PSA measurements over a period of 1.5-2 years
Remark/s on BPH
PSA levels <=4 ng/mL 📌
Histology of BPH
Hyperplasia of glandular and stromal tissues with papillary buds
Histopathologic findings at the base of the vesicle in varicella lesions
Intraepithelial vesicles with intranuclear inclusions
Length of the course of illness in varicella
2 weeks after respiratory infection
Pathology of imperforate anus
Failure of cloacal diaphragm to involute
Newborn baby failed to pass meconium at immediate postnataal period presenting with abdominal distension and bilious vomiting
Hirschsprung’s disease
Characteristics of PSA
Androgen regulated to cleave and liquefy seminal coagulum formed after ejaculation
Product of prostatic epithelium secrted in the semen
Enlarging prostate in aging men would have higher serum PSA 📌
Histologic finding distinguishing cancer cells of the prostate
The outer basal cll layer found in benign lesion is absent 📌
Patient consulting with gradual onset of cougs and sorethroat assc’d with headache, chills, malaise, fever, wheezes and rales on auscultation;
Peribronchial pneumonia with thickened bronchial markings, streaks of interstitial infiltration, and areas of subsegmental atelectasis on CXR
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Laboratory test to diagnose mycoplasma pneumoniae
Culture of pulmonary specimen 📌
Most significant cutaneous pathology assoc’d with mycoplasma pneumoniae
Erythema multiforme major
Remarks on Type 1 DM
4-10% cn occur after age 30
Hormones predominantly produced by small cell CA
Acth, adh
Wart-like new growth on the hands and feet of patient with hx of exposure to their town river where Marcopper Mining drainage would usually pass
Arsenic keratosis
-may develop into squamous carcinoma
Type of cell that plays a part in type 1 hypersensitivity reaction
Lymphocyte?? 📌
IMMEDIATE PHASE: Vascular changes (vasoactive amines)
LATE PHASE:
Leukocytic infiltratiotn and tissue damage
Eosinophils: main cells
IL-5: most potent eosinophil-activating cytokines from TH2 cells (will also direct the production of IgE that will bind to basophils and mast cells)
Subsequent exposure to allergen: antigen binds to IgE on basophils and mast cells, causing degranulation —> immedate and late phase
Sinequa non of OA
Hyaline articular cartilage loss
Oa xray findings
Eroded and joint space narrowing in the knee joint surfaces with loss of compressibility and lubrication of articular cartilaginous surfaces
Leukocytic cells that may be the main type of cell in allergic reactions
Eosinophils 📌
