Buzzwords

Question 1

“Orphan Annie” Nuclei

Answer 1

Papillary thyroid cancer

Question 2

Psammoma bodies

Answer 2

Papillary thyroid carcinomas

Question 3

Anosmia and isolated GnRH deficiency

Answer 3

Kallmann’s syndrome

Question 4

Brachydactyly of the 4th metacarpal

Answer 4

Pseudohypoparathyroidism

Question 5

Pencil-in-cup X-ray appearance, sausage fingers

Answer 5

Psoriatic Arthritis

Question 6

“Feels like walking on pebbles”

Answer 6

Advanced rheumatoid arthritis in the feet - subluxation of the metatarsophalangeal joints

Question 7

Foot drop

Answer 7

Common fibular nerve (peroneal nerve)

Question 8

Hanging rope sign

Answer 8

AVN

Question 9

Pain in internal rotation and extension of knee at 90 degree

Answer 9

Lateral meniscal tear

Question 10

Dry eyes, mouth, vagina, bronchitis

Answer 10

Sicca Synd. (no infiltration) (no signs of arthritis)

Question 11

Shortened leg and internally rotated

Answer 11

→ Dislocated femoral head

Question 12

“Onion-peel” sign

Answer 12

Ewing’s sarcoma

Question 13

“Sunray” spiculation

Answer 13

Osteosarcoma

Question 14

“Popcorn calcification” on X Ray

Answer 14

Chondrosarcoma

Question 15

Swollen, “woody” calves

Answer 15

Duchenne or Becker MD

Question 16

“Hatchet-like” face

Answer 16

Myotonic Dystrophy

Question 17

Rosary Bead sign

Answer 17

Polyarteritis nodosa

Question 18

“shepherd’s crook” deformity

Answer 18

Fibrous dysplasia

Question 19

Sea anemone

Answer 19

Transitional cell carcinoma on cystoscopy

Question 20

UTI + Travel to India

Answer 20

Carbapenase-producing Klebsiella (Resistant to all antibiotics)

Question 21

UTI with foul smelling urine and renal calculi

Answer 21

Proteus sp.

Question 22

Beading of the renal artery

Answer 22

Fibromuscular Dysplasia

Question 23

RBC casts in urine

Answer 23

Proves haematuria is glomerular

Question 24

“Muddy brown casts” of epithelial cells

Answer 24

→ Acute tubular necrosis

Question 25

Saddle nose

Answer 25

GPA

Question 26

Apple-green birefringence on Congo Red stain

Answer 26

Amyloidosis

Question 27

BUFALO (sepsis 6 bundle)

Answer 27

``` B Blood cultures / any other relevant cultures e.g. stool U Urine output measurement F IV Fluids A Antibiotics L LDH (lactase dehydrogenase) and FBC O high flow O2 ```

Question 28

Antibiotic for MSRA

Answer 28

Vancomycin or Teicoplanin

Question 29

Antibiotic for CAP (CURB 0-2)

Answer 29

Amoxicillin (if penicillin allergic, use doxycycline)

Question 30

Antibiotic for CAP (3 or more)

Answer 30

IV Co-amoxiclav + IV Clarithromycin

Question 31

Antibiotic for Intra-abdominal sepsis

Answer 31

IV amox + metronidazole + gentamicin

Question 32

Antibiotic for Recurrent/relapse C. Difficile

Answer 32

Fidaxomicin

Question 33

Antibiotic for C. difficile (mild)

Answer 33

Metronidazole

Question 34

Antibiotic for C. difficile (severe)

Answer 34

ORAL Vancomycin (ONLY TIME YOU EVER USE ORAL VANC - you want it to stay in the gut)

Question 35

Antibiotic for Pneumocystis carinii (HIV patients getting pneumonia)

Answer 35

Co-trimoxazole

Question 36

Antibiotic for Epiglottitis (h. influenzae)

Answer 36

Ceftriaxone

Question 37

Failure to adduct and nystagmus in abducting eye

Answer 37

Internuclear ophthalmoplegia - issue with medial longitudinal fasciculus

Question 38

New vessels and haemorrhage in eye

Answer 38

ARMD Wet

Question 39

Pinpoint pupils

Answer 39

Pontine issue

Question 40

Dilated pupils

Answer 40

Trans-calcarine fracture

Question 41

Eye down and out not dilated

Answer 41

Diabetes

Question 42

Roth spots

Answer 42

Infective endocarditis

Question 43

Brushfield spots

Answer 43

Down syndrome

Question 44

23. ‘Scrambled egg’/’egg yolk’ appearance of the macula

Answer 44

Best disease

Question 45

4. Loss of corneal reflex (+ sensorineural hearing loss, vertigo and tinnitus)

Answer 45

Acoustic neuroma (Vestibular Schwannoma). Assoc. w/NF-II

Question 46

Trisomy 18

Answer 46

Edward's syndrome

Question 47

Trisomy 13

Answer 47

Patau

Question 48

ADHD triad

Answer 48

HYPERACTIVE, INATTENTIVE, IMPULSIVE. Rx: methylphenidate or atomoxetine

Question 49

Form of autism where there only a problem with social communication

Answer 49

Aspergers

Question 50

Treatment of hyperkalaemia with normal ECG?

Answer 50

Calcium resonium