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Cardio Round 2 > Buzzwords > Flashcards

Buzzwords Flashcards

1
Q

Murmur with crescendo-decrescendo

A

Aortic stenosis

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2
Q

Murmur with an Opening snap

A

Mitral stenosis

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3
Q

Holosystolic murmur in pt with history of IV drug use

A

Tricuspid regurgitation

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4
Q

Holosystolic murmur in pt with hx of rheumatic fever

A

Mitral regurgitation

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5
Q

Systolic ejection murmur at LUSB in pediatric patient

A

Consider coartication of the aorta

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6
Q

Can’t feel femoral pulses in pediatric patient

A

Coartication of the aorta

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7
Q

Continuous murmur at LUSB in pediatric patient and wide pulse pressure

A

Consider patent ductus arteriosis

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8
Q

Harsh, holosystolic murmur at LLSB in pediatric patient

A

Ventricular septal defect

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9
Q

Murmur at LUSB and widely split S2 in pediatric patient

A

Atrial septal defect

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10
Q

Pediatric patient with pulse ox <89%

A

Immediate, emergent referral/intervention

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11
Q

Always palpate on pediatric patient?

A

Upper and lower extremity pulses

Precordium

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12
Q

Boot sign

A

Tetralogy of Fallot

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13
Q

Conal septal displacement

A

Tetraology of Fallot

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14
Q

Turner Syndrome

A

Coartication of the aorta

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15
Q

Most common congenital heart defect

A

Ventricular septal defect

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16
Q

Most common cyanotic congenital defect

A

Tetraology of Fallot

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17
Q

Sawtooth pattern on EKG

A

Atrial flutter

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18
Q

Irregularly irregular pattern on EKG

A

A-fib

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19
Q

Delta wave seen on EKG

A

Wolff-Parkinson-White

Delta wave is a slurred, wide QRS

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20
Q

Sinusoidal waveform

A

Torsades de Point

Also described as “ribbon-like”

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21
Q

S3 gallop

A

Consider dilated cardiomyopathy, left-sided HF, HFrEF

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22
Q

Low-voltage QRS (two conditions)

A

Restrictive cardiomyopathy

Pericardial effusion

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23
Q

Spade-shaped left ventricle

A

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

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24
Q

Severe emotional stress in post-menopausal woman

A

Takosubo cardiomyopathy

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25
Q

Symptoms of ACS (ST elevation, troponin, etc) with absolutely no evidence of CAD on angiography

A

Takosubo cardiomyopathy

26
Q

Syncope while supine

A

Cardiac syncope

27
Q

Chest pain in middle of the night/early morning

A

Prinzmetal angina

28
Q

Chest pain while at rest

A

Prinzmetal angina

29
Q

Xanthomas

A

Dyslipidemia

30
Q

Proteinurea

A

Choose an ACEI or ARB in treatment plan

31
Q

BP 120/80

A

Stage I HTN (AHA)

If ASCVD risk is >10% OR DM/CKD is present, start 1 med

(If less, start with lifestyle modifications)

32
Q

BP 140/90

A

Stage II HTN (AHA)

Start 2 meds

33
Q

First line HTN med in Black patient with no proteinurea

A

Thiazide diuretic

34
Q

HTN that will not respond to ANY medication! Rude

A

Think secondary HTN - maybe renovascular disease

But rule out poor compliance or white coat HTN

35
Q

Pediatric HTN

A

Refer to nephrology

36
Q

Persistent, postural, pleuritic chest pain

A

Acute pericarditis

37
Q

EKG with ST elevations, then normal, then T wave inversion, then normal

A

Acute pericarditis

38
Q

Muffled heart sounds

A

Think pericardial effusion or cardiac tamponade

39
Q

Electrical alternans

A

Pericardial effusion

40
Q

Water bottle sign on CXR

A

Pericardial effusion

41
Q

Muffled heart sounds + increased JVP + hypotension

A

Cardiac tamponade

42
Q

Batwings on CXR

A

Congestive HF

43
Q

BNP >100

A

CHF

44
Q

S4 gallop

A

Consider HFpEF

45
Q

Intermediate ASCVD risk range?

A

7.5 - 20%

46
Q

High ASCVD risk range?

A

> 20%

47
Q

Murmur gets louder with valsalva maneuver or rapid standing from squat

A

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

decreased preload

48
Q

Murmur gets softer with valsalva or rapid standing from squat

A

Most murmurs except hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

decreased preload

49
Q

Murmur gets softer with squatting or leg raise

A

Hypertropic cardiomyopathy

increased preload

50
Q

Murmur gets louder with squatting or leg raise

A

Most murmurs except hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

increased preload

51
Q

Diagnostic measurement of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

A

> 3cm

52
Q

Spike and dome carotid impulse

A

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

53
Q

Palpable, sustained S4 at apical impulse

A

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

54
Q

Kussmaul’s sign

A

Restrictive cardiomyopathy

Pt has no inspiratory decline/increase in JVP

55
Q

Amyloidosis associated with…?

A

Restrictive cardiomyopathy

56
Q

Hypomagnesemia

A

Ventricular tachycardia

57
Q

Kerley B Lines

A

Pulmonary edema

CHF

58
Q

Machine-like murmur

A

PDA

59
Q

Mid-systolic click

A

Mitral valve prolapse

60
Q

Scoliosis

A

Mitral valve prolapse

Cardio Round 2 (5 decks)

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