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buzzwords Flashcards

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1
Q

Patient has fever and pleuritic chest pain that is relieved by sitting up and leaning forward, saddle shaped ST elevation

A

pericarditis

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2
Q

irregularly irregular pulse/no clear P waves

A

AF

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3
Q

Raised JVP

A

right sided heart failure

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4
Q

sense of impending doom

A

MI

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5
Q

Broad complex tachycardia

A

Ventricular problem

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6
Q

Mid-diastolic murmur with a tapping apex

A

Mitral stenosis

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7
Q

Tall, tented T waves

A

hyperkalaemia

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8
Q

collapsing pulse

A

aortic regurgitation

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9
Q

bounding pulse

A

acute CO2 retention

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10
Q

Fever + new onset murmur

A

bacterial endocarditis until proven otherwise

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11
Q

myocardial necrosis

A

coagulative necrosis due to ischaemia and hypoxia in first 3 days post MI

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12
Q

ECG saw tooth baseline + 150 bpm

A

Atrial flutter

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13
Q

pulmonary oedema

A

Alveolar bat wings, kerley B lines, Cardiomegaly, Dilated prominent upper lobe vessels, pleural Effusion

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14
Q

saddle shaped ST elevation

A

pericarditis

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15
Q

Broad QRS with slurred upstroke of R wave

A

Wolff-parkinson-white syndrome

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16
Q

blurred yellowing vision headache

A

digoxin toxicity

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17
Q

continuous machine like murmur

A

patent ductus arteriosus

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18
Q

diminished absent lower limb pulses, radiofemoral delay

A

coarctation of the aorta

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19
Q

Stony dull to percuss

A

Pleural effusion

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20
Q

right sided plueritic pain

A

most likely pneumonia

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21
Q

ground glass appearance on X ray

A

pulmonary fibrosis

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22
Q

ZN stain positive for acid fast bacilli

A

TB

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23
Q

caseous necrosis

A

TB

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24
Q

apical disease

A

most likely TB

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25
miliary TB
spread of organism to bloodstream organism to pulmonary artery = miliary dissemination into the lung organism to pulmonary vein= systemic dissemination to the liver, spleen and kidneys
26
positive anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies
Goodpastures syndrome
27
chest infection with a parrot/pigeon as pet
chlamydophila psittaci
28
dry cough and diarrhoea after holiday
legionella pneumopila (test urine)
29
tall thin young man who smoke weed
pneumothorax
30
bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy erythema nodosum, granulomas, fatigue and weight loss
sarcoidosis
31
bronchiole wider than neighboring arteriole- signet ring sign
bronchiectasis
32
D sign on Xray
empyema
33
steeple sign on Xrat
larygotracheobronchitis/croup
34
Child with barking cough
croup
35
Pneumocystis pneumonia
HIV
36
Asthma + Nasal Polyps + Salicylate sensitivity
Samter’s Triad
37
Alcoholic (danger of aspiration pneumonia)
``` Klebsiella pneumoniae (red jelly haemopytsis ```
38
rusty sputum
pneumococcal pneumonia
39
morning headache
hypercapnia (CO2 in bloodstream)
40
ACTH secreting lung tumour
SCLC
41
PTH secreting lung tumour
SCC of lung
42
small-cell carcinoma
neuroendocrine, highly malignant, and may be associated with ectopic endocrine syndromes
43
increased serum ACE and Ca2+
sarcoid
44
eggshell calcification
silicosis
45
heart failure cells seen in alveolar spaces
macrophages that have absorbed haemosiderin | chronic pulmonary oedema and associated LVH
46
Coin lesion found on chest radiographs
rounded solitary lesion
47
horner's syndrome
local spread of cancer to the intrathoracic nodes signs= ptosis, enopthalmos, miosis, lack of sweating on the ipsilateral side of the face
48
gingivectomy/biting on own gums
side effect of calcium channel blockers or phenytoin
49
bird beak appearance
achalasia | sign of bowel obstruction in lower GI
50
grey turner's and cullen's sign
acute pancreatitis
51
acute pancreatitis
``` GET SMASHED Gallstones Ethanol Trauma Steroid Mumps Autoimmune Scorpion bites Hyperlipidaemia/hypercalcaemia ```
52
murphy's sugn
cholecystitis/cholangitis
53
pale stools, jaundice, abdo pain
biliary obstruction
54
abdo distension, caput medusae, shifting dullness
portal hypertension and ascites
55
pyoderma gagrenosum
crohns/UC
56
Tinkling bowel sounds
bowel obstruction
57
vesicular rash + weight loss
coeliac disease
58
virchows node (left supra-clavicular)
gastric cancer
59
urea breath test
H.pylori
60
14C breath test
bacterial overgrowth
61
rice water like stools
vibrio cholera
62
primary biliary cirrhosis
presence of AMA (anti mitochondrial antibodies)
63
autoimmune hepatitis
presence of ASMA (anti smooth muscle antibodies)
64
AFB
hepatocellular carcinoma (or teratoma)
65
cobblestone mucosa
indicating deep fissuring ulceration of mucosa | crohns disease
66
diuretic for ascites
spironolactone
67
Corkscrew oesophagus on barium swallow
diffuse oesophageal spasm
68
Severe abdo pain + D&V after raw milk →
Campylobacter
69
Russell’s sign
self induced vomiting
70
Mallory’s hyaline bodies
alcoholic liver disease (acute hepatitis) and chronic active hepatitis
71
Crypt abscess / cryptitis
Inflammatory Bowel UC
72
Onion skinning fibrosis, beading of bile ducts
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
73
“Signet RIng” cells seen on biopsy
Linitis plastica - diffuse stomach cancer
74
Thumb-printing on X-ray commonly at splenic flexure
Ischaemic colitis
75
Charcot’s triad
Acute cholangitis i.e. fever, jaundice and abdominal pain secondary to cholelithiasis
76
cobble-stoned appearance on endoscopy
crohn's disease | deep ulceration in gut mucosa- skip lesions between the ulcers give cobble-stone effect
77
Loss of haustra on fluroscopy
chronic UC

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