Buzzwords and Key Facts

Question 1

Cherry red spot on the macula

Answer 1

CRAO

Question 2

Tear drop, or blood level in sinus

Answer 2

Blow out fracture

Question 3

Pain on eye movement

Answer 3

Optic neuritis (mostly caused by MS)

Question 4

Painful loss of vision for 1-2 weeks

Answer 4

Optic neuritis

Question 5

Curtain coming down lasting < 5 mins

Answer 5

Amaurosis fugax

Question 6

Curtain coming down (partial) > 5 mins

Answer 6

Retinal detachment

Question 7

Flashers and floaters

Answer 7

Retinal detachment

Question 8

Photophobia

Answer 8

Anterior uveitis

Question 9

Gritty eyes (2)

Answer 9

Conjunctivitis or sub-tarsal foreign body

Question 10

Watery eyes with pain and pre-auricular lymphadenopathy

Answer 10

Viral conjunctivitis

Question 11

Silver/copper wiring

Answer 11

Hypertensive retinopathy

Question 12

Loss of red reflex, eye red on ophthalmoscopy

Answer 12

Vitreous haemorrhage

Question 13

New vessel formation and haemorrhage

Answer 13

Wet ARMD

Question 14

Follicular conjunctivitis

Answer 14

Chlamydial

Question 15

Different sized pupils

Answer 15

Damage to CNIII, or Horner’s syndrome

Question 16

Down and out, dilated

Answer 16

CNIII palsy

Question 17

Down and out, not dilated

Answer 17

Diabetic retinopathy

Question 18

Roth spots

Answer 18

Infective endocarditis

Question 19

Brushfield spots

Answer 19

Down’s syndrome

Question 20

‘Scrambled egg’ or ‘egg yolk’ appearance of the macula

Answer 20

Best Disease

Question 21

Eye looking down & out, fixed dilated pupil, proptosis & ptosis

Answer 21

CNIII palsy

Question 22

Eyes look upwards, vertical diplopia, cannot look down and in. Head held tilted.

Answer 22

CNIV palsy

Question 23

Horizontal diplopia, eyes medially deviated, & cannot move laterally from midline. Convergent squint (start in)

Answer 23

CNVI palsy

Question 24

Mid dilated pupil

Answer 24

Acute closed angle glaucoma

Question 25

Unable to abduct – lateral rectus

Answer 25

CNVI palsy

Question 26

Vertical diplopia when walking down stairs

Answer 26

CNIV palsy

Question 27

Flamed shape haemorrhages on fundoscopy

Answer 27

Diabetic retinopathy

Question 28

Kayser Fleischer rings

Answer 28

Wilson's disease

Question 29

Central scotoma – absence of central vision

Answer 29

ARMD

Question 30

Red, irritable sticky eyes with normal visual acuity

Answer 30

Bacterial conjunctivitis

Question 31

Red, irritable itchy eyes with normal visual acuity - how is this treated?

Answer 31

Allergic conjunctivitis- anti-histamine drops

Question 32

Sudden onset unilateral visual loss which may occur in poorly controlled diabetes

Answer 32

Retinal haemorrhage

Question 33

Damage to the parietal nerve causes what type of visual field defect?

Answer 33

Inferior

Question 34

Damage to the temporal nerve causes what type of visual field defect?

Answer 34

Superior

Question 35

Damage to where causes homonymous defects?

Answer 35

Optic tracts/radiations

Question 36

Damage to where causes homonymous defects which are macula sparing?

Answer 36

Occipital cortex

Question 37

Treatment for subconjunctival haemorrhage in pregnancy?

Answer 37

None needed