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BWS/Final Flashcards

(83 cards)

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1
Q

Discuss the procedure required to perform under-flight wires…

A

Min ground clearance hover + 25ft with a brisk walk speed

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2
Q

Name the different types of take-offs

A

Normal
Constant angle
Verticle
Level acceleration

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3
Q

When should level acceleration take place?

A

Power required to hover is max power available

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4
Q

The decision to go around may be made at any time but in limited power situations should be determined before…

A

Descending below barriers or decelerating below ETL

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5
Q

An approach to the forward one-third of the usable (landing) area will reduce the…

A

approach angle and minimize power requirements

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6
Q

What actions are performed upon contact with the enemy?

A

-Establish flight profile
-TAR
-Maintain contact and develop situation
-Execute COA

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7
Q

What are the elements when transmitting a SPOT report?

A

Size
Activity
Location
Time
What are you going to do

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8
Q

What is the definition of low level flight?

A

Constant attitude and airspeed, dictated by threat avoidance 80-200ft AHO

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9
Q

What is the definition of Contour flight?

A

Low altitudes conforming to earth’s contours 25-80ft

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10
Q

What is the definition of NOE?

A

Varying airspeeds as close to earth’s surface as permitted 0-25ft above vegetation

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11
Q

Two main types of aerial checkpoints?

A

Air control point (ACP)- Air reference point by terrain or NAVAID

Communications Point (CP)- Air reference measure requiring report to command or ATC

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12
Q

Avoid steep right turns below 45 KIAS close to the ground to…

A

Maintain sufficient lateral control margin of recovery

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13
Q

What should be done prior to masking and unmasking?

A

a thorough map/photo recon should be completed so that all eyes can be focused outside during unmasking.

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14
Q

Standards for Aerial observation..

A

1) Detect target
2)Identify target
3) Locate target
4) Report target as briefed

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15
Q

What are the most important of these factors that affect the ability of an observer to search a given area effectively?

A

Altitude, airspeed, terrain and meteorological conditions, visual cues.

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16
Q

What are visual cues?

A

-Color
-Texture
-Shadows
-Trails
-Smoke
-Movement and light
-Obvious sighting
-Heat

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17
Q

Perform go around when…

A

Anytime successful landing is in doubt implement go-around

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18
Q

Perform aborted takeoff the crew will abort a takeoff when the safe outcome of the maneuver is in question due to..

A

1) Risk of exceeding limitations
2) Unexpected hazards
3) Directed by ATC

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19
Q

Tactical considerations

A

Mission
Security
Location

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20
Q

Technical considerations

A

Landing formation
Obstacles
Number of aircraft
Ground Slope
Loads
Approach/departure
Size of landing area
Surface condition

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21
Q

Meteorological Considerations

A

Visibility
Density Altitude
Winds
Ceiling

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22
Q

Holding areas are selected by…

A

map recon

Cover and concealment
Obstacles
Key Terrain
Avenues of app/dep
Security

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23
Q

Perform actions on contact

A

Establish flight profile
Report (TAR)
Maintain contact
Recommend COA

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24
Q

Tactical flight mission planning

A

Analyze the mission
Map/photo recon
Select terrain flight modes
Select routes
Distance
Fuel
WB
CB

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25
Hazards to terrain flight
Meteorological-WX Physical- Natural/man made Human
26
Perform masking and unmasking
In flight Vertically Laterally
27
Wind recognition
Ground indicators Aircraft indicators Forecast
28
Perform VMC takeoff/approach
Situation Long axis Obstacles Wind
29
Transmit tactical Report
Size Activity Location Time What are you doing
30
Arial observation
Detection Identification Location Reporting
31
Factors that affect a visual search
Weather Altitude Airspeed Terrain Cues Human Eye
32
Visual Cues
Movement Color Light Obvious Sightings Shadow/Shapes Smoke Texture Trails Heat
33
Scanning techniques
Motive --> >10KIAS (acquisition, Recognition) Stationary Side scan
34
Gross mass
7,903 lbs
35
Tie down limits
154 lbs
36
Max personnel
11
37
Engine oil pressure limits
Cautious 1.3-1.5 Continuous 1.5-5.0 Max 5.0
38
Engine oil temp limits
-10-115
39
Transmission oil limits
Min 1.0 Caution 1.0-1.5 Continuous operation 1.5-5.0
40
Transmission temp
-10-105
41
Prohibited flight manuevers
-Aerobatic Maneuvers -Intentional full autorotation to landings -Flying into icing conditions
42
Rotor starting and stopping limitations in high winds_____ training____
50 Kts limitation 30 Kts training
43
Mass moment limitations
Red circle-64% Yellow circle-50%
44
Ground slope limitations
Left- 11 Right- 6 Nose up- 8 Nose down- 8
45
RPM Warnings
95%- Steady light low pitch beep 106%- Flashing light/Warning Gong 110%- Flashing light/High pitch
46
Types of drag
Parasite- Non lifting Profile- Friction of rotor blades through air Induced flow- Production of lift, High AOA Total drag- Sum of all drag
47
IGE- In ground effect
In ground effect- Increased efficiency within 1 rotor disk -Reduces rotor tip vortices caused by horizontal flow of air along the ground -Lower pitch angle reduces profile drag and power
48
OGE- Out of ground effect
Increased induced flow requires an increased AOI to maintain the same AOA -More drag on the blades needing more power to hover
49
Dissymmetry of lift
Difference in lift between advancing and retreating blades -Blade flapping
50
Blade flapping
Advancing blade flaps up velocity at 3 o'clock with increased induced flow, increased induced flow Max nose up flap 12 o'clock Retreating blade flaps down with max 9 o'clock. Decreases induced flow Max down flap is over the tail, Overall rotor disk is tilted aft (Blowback)
51
Cyclic feathering
Fix blowback, Changes the AOI of each blade differentially around the rotor system. Forward movement advancing blade has decreases AOA and retreating blade has increased AOA leading to forward facing thrust
52
Translating Tendency
Tail rotor thrust used to counteract torque effect pushes the helicopter to the right counteracted by left cyclic
53
Transverse flow
10-20 kts front half or disk operates in more horizontal flow of air and increases lift Rear portion of disk operates in a higher induced flow caused by the amount of time the disk has to operate on air passing over it Difference in lift between fore and aft portions of disk cause unequal drag and vibration Effects manifest in 90 degrees in rotation
54
Effective translational lift
16-24 kts Blades outrun their own downwash and operate in relatively undisturbed air. -Increased efficiency, increased rate of climb and performance
55
Settling with power
Helicopter settles in own downwash, vortex ring state forms vortices at blade tips -Condition: 1)Descent >300 ft/min 2)Low airspeed < ETL 3)20-100% power to rotor with insufficient power to arrest descent -Conducive Conditions 1)Steep approach at high rate of descent 2)Downwind approach 3)Formation flight approach 4)Hover above max. hover ceiling 5)OGE hover bad altitude control 6)Masking/unmasking
56
Dynamic Roll Over
A lateral rolling tendency that occurs on level ground, slopes, or in crosswinds -Pivot Point, A rolling motion, Exceeds critical angle -Human Factors (IIIFL) 1)Inattention 2)Inexperience 3)Inappropriate control inputs 4)Failure to take timely corrective actions 5)Loss of visual reference
57
Inadvertent IMC procedures
Announce Attitude Heading Torque Trim Airspeed Altitude Talk/transponder
58
Inspect ALSE
180 days
59
All weight and balance records will be reviewed every _____ months
12
60
An aircraft will be weighed after what 3 things
1)Overhaul/major repair 2)Modification >1% A/C basic weight 3)Any mods where CG cannot be accurately computed
61
Under layer clothing made of ______,_____, _____ is approved
Cotton, Wool, Nomex
62
Closed NACA inlet is ______ min max
30
63
Max floor load
123 lb/ft
64
Min autorotation
60 KIAS
65
VNE spoiled and cabin open
100 KIAS
66
VNE spoiled rearward flight
15 KIAS
67
Max crosswind w/doors opened/spoiled
30 KIAS
68
PPC update if____
temp increase of 5 PA increase of 500' Weight increase of 200lbs
69
Weight balance form
365-4
70
Land Immediately
The urgency of landing is paramount. Primary consideration is to assure survival of the occupants
71
Land as soon as possible
Land without delay at the nearest adequate site at which a safe approach and landing can be made
72
Land as soon as practicable
The landing site and duration of flight are at the discretion of the pilot. Extended flight not recommended
73
External power limits (starter)
20/60/20/60/20/- 30 min off
74
Onboard battery limits (starter)
30/60/30/60/30- 30 min off
75
External power (ventilation)
15/60/15- 23 min off
76
Onboard battery (ventilation)
20/60/20- 23 min off
77
Minimum transient (power on)
85%
78
Min continuous
GM <2000 kg 96% (power on) 80% (power off) GM >2000 kg 96% (power on) 85% (power off)
79
Max continuous
104% (power on/off)
80
Partial power (max 5 min)
106% (power on/off)
81
Max transient (max. 12S)
106% (power on) 110% (power off)
82
Currency: Individuals must take part in flight every ____ days
60
83

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