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Olivia - 7G - Social Studies > Byzantine Empire > Flashcards

Byzantine Empire Flashcards

(71 cards)

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1
Q

Who was the 1st emperor to convert to Christianity ?

A

Emperor Constantine

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2
Q

Who was considered the head of the church in the Byzantine Empire

A

The emperor

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3
Q

What happened when the emperor considered himself the head of the church?

A

There was a disagreement with the Pope (Bishop of Rome) who lived in Rome and considered himself the head of the church.

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4
Q

The Byzantine Empire would be split east and west. What religion was in the east and west?

A

East would become Eastern Orthodox

West would become Roman Catholic

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5
Q

Who would lead the East? Who picked this leader?

A

Patriarch of Constantinople or Bishop of Constantinople

Byzantine Emperor

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6
Q

What caused the split, or Schism in Christianity?

A

Disagreements on what language spoken in church services and icons used in churches

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7
Q

What language was spoken in West?
In the East?

A

West-Latin
East-Greek

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8
Q

What was split in Christianity called?

A

Schism

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9
Q

What were icons?

A

Religious images displayed in church

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10
Q

Because of the disagreements on icons, Byzantine emperor Leo forbid them. Then what happened?

A

People would break them -

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11
Q

What were the people called that broke the icons?

A

Iconoclasts

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12
Q
A
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13
Q

What was the Great Schism?

A

In 1054, the Christian church split in two. Western becoming Roman Catholics and East becoming Eastern Orthodox.

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14
Q

How did Byzantines keep history alive on Ancient Greek and Roman’s?

A

They copied books

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15
Q

What is “The Dark Ages”?

A

When many works and books were lost to European in the west

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16
Q

Why do we know a lot about Emperor Justinian?

A

His court historian, Procopius, wrote 3 history books about Justinian and his wars

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17
Q

What is The Secret History about?

A

A book written by Justinian historian that was published after his death that shared his real views and opinions about Justinian

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18
Q

What did the Byzantines spend a lot of money on?

A

Building a church with onion shaped domes

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19
Q

What is the most famous church ? Where is it?

A

Hagia Sophia or “the church of holy wisdom”

Constantinople

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20
Q

Who had Hagia Sophia built?

A

Emperor Justinian

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21
Q

What was placed inside the church?

A

Lots of mosaics

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22
Q

What is a mosaic?

A

A picture or pattern made of tiny colored pieces of hard material such as stone, tile or glass

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23
Q

Who were the Christian missionaries that helped spread Eastern Orthodox Christianity?

A

St. Cyril

St. Cyril is known for creating the Cyrillic script.

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24
Q

What script did the Kievan Rus adopt from the Byzantines?

A

Cyrillic

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25
What was the significance of Constantinople's location?
Many people wanted to conquer and control the city.
26
What event led to the conquest of Constantinople by Catholics from Western Europe?
The 4th Crusade
27
For how long did the Catholics rule Constantinople after the 4th Crusade?
1204-1261
28
When did the Byzantines reconquer Constantinople?
1261
29
In what year did the city and empire of Constantinople fall to the Ottoman Turks?
1453
30
What name did the Ottoman Turks give to Constantinople after its conquest?
Istanbul
31
What type of Christianity did the Kievan Rus convert to?
Eastern Orthodox Christianity
32
What is the term for the leader of the Byzantine Church?
Patriarch
33
What is the main belief shared by both the Roman Catholic and Byzantine Churches?
Monotheistic
34
Fill in the blank: Both Churches believe in _______ after death.
life
35
What is a notable difference between the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church?
No icons
36
What is the language spoken by the Pope in the Roman Catholic Church?
Latin
37
What is the practice of celibacy associated with?
Roman Catholic Church
38
What was the primary language used in the Byzantine Church?
Greek
39
What cultural interaction did the Byzantines have with Eastern Europe?
Spread of Eastern Orthodox Christianity
40
What was Justinian's main goal regarding the Roman Empire?
To reunite the western and eastern parts of the Roman Empire.
41
Which German tribes did Justinian aim to fight in the west?
* Vandals in North Africa * Ostrogoths in Italy * Visigoths in Spain
42
Who did Justinian fight in the east?
The Sassanid Empire (the Persians)
43
Did Justinian ever lead his army into war?
No, he had generals who led the armies.
44
Name the two generals who led Justinian's armies.
* Belisarius * Narses
45
What was the outcome of Justinian's military campaigns?
The Byzantine Empire reconquered more land and became the largest it would ever be.
46
What was the Justinian Code also known as?
Corpus Juris Civilis
47
Why did Justinian order the creation of the Justinian Code?
There were too many confusing and outdated laws.
48
Who was in charge of creating the Justinian Code?
Tribonian
49
How many lawyers did Tribonian oversee for the Justinian Code?
Ten lawyers
50
What are the four components of the Justinian Code?
* A textbook for future lawyers * A collection of cleaned-up old laws * A Yearbook of court cases and rulings * Novella of new laws
51
Who influenced the Justinian Code to include laws for women's rights?
Empress Theodora
52
What severe punishment was introduced for certain crimes in the Justinian Code?
Rape was made punishable by death.
53
Fill in the blank: Justinian's main military focus was to fight the _______.
German tribes and the Sassanid Empire.
54
True or False: The Justinian Code simplified the legal system.
True
55
What was a significant impact of Empress Theodora on the Justinian Code?
She had laws that gave women more rights.
56
What was the original name of the Byzantine Empire?
Byzantium ## Footnote The Byzantine Empire is also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire.
57
Who chose the location for the new capital of the Roman Empire?
Emperor Constantine ## Footnote He called the new capital 'Nova Roma' or New Rome.
58
Why was the city of Constantinople chosen as the capital?
Its geographic location provided protection from invaders and access to trade routes ## Footnote The city was farther from Germanic invasions and had water protection on three sides.
59
What geographical feature protected Constantinople on three sides?
Water ## Footnote The fourth side was defended by a large series of walls.
60
What river flowed through Constantinople?
Lycus River ## Footnote The city also had hills similar to those in Rome.
61
Which seas were accessible from Constantinople?
Black Sea and Sea of Marmara ## Footnote The Sea of Marmara empties into the Mediterranean Sea.
62
What was the reign period of Emperor Justinian?
527-565 ## Footnote He was the most famous Byzantine emperor.
63
What were some of the major goals of Emperor Justinian?
Reconquer lost land, create legal reforms, and initiate building projects ## Footnote Many of these projects still exist today.
64
Who significantly assisted Justinian during his reign?
His wife, Theodora ## Footnote Theodora was not of noble birth.
65
What major event did Justinian face early in his reign?
The Nika Riots ## Footnote These riots were caused by chariot fans protesting against taxes.
66
Where did the Nika Riots start?
Hippodrome ## Footnote The hippodrome was the chariot racing stadium.
67
What did Justinian do in response to the Nika Riots?
He sent in troops to quell the riots, resulting in the death of 30,000 fans ## Footnote He also confiscated their property as punishment.
68
What was the consequence for the relatives of the rioters after the Nika Riots?
They lost all property ## Footnote The confiscated property was used to finance Justinian's future wars.
69
True or False: The city of Constantinople was named after the Byzantine Empire.
False ## Footnote It was named after Emperor Constantine.
70
Fill in the blank: Constantinople was originally called _______.
Byzantium
71
What was one of Justinian's first major problems during his reign?
The Nika Riots

Olivia - 7G - Social Studies (5 decks)

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