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c Flashcards

(20 cards)

1
Q

What is the definition of Dietary supplements?

A

A product intended to supplement the diet containing one or more ingredients like vitamins, minerals, herbs, amino acids, enzymes, probiotics, or extracts intended for ingestion.

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2
Q

What are Nutraceuticals?

A

A sector of dietary supplements prepared from whole foods in a non-food format like a capsule for medicinal benefits.

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3
Q

What are Functional foods?

A

Any food or ingredient that has a positive impact on health, physical performance, or state of mind, in addition to its nutritive value.

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4
Q

What are Medical foods?

A

A specific category of therapeutic agents intended for the nutritional management of a specific disease.

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5
Q

What are Phytochemicals?

A

Substances found in edible fruits and vegetables that can be ingested daily and exhibit potential to favorably modulate human metabolism to prevent diseases.

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6
Q

Which macronutrients supply energy?

A

Carbohydrates, protein, fat.

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7
Q

List the types of dietary supplements.

A
  • Botanicals
  • Vitamins
  • Minerals
  • Amino acids
  • Live microbials
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8
Q

What are carotenoids?

A

Pigments produced by bacteria, fungi, algae, and plants, with over 600 types identified.

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9
Q

What are the three main omega-3 fatty acids?

A
  • Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA)
  • Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)
  • Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)
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10
Q

True or False: Dietary supplements can replace a variety of foods important for a healthy diet.

A

False

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11
Q

Fill in the blank: According to the US-FDA, dietary supplements can help you improve or maintain your overall health, and some supplements can also help you meet your daily requirements of _______.

A

essential nutrients

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12
Q

What does the term ‘suboptimal diet’ refer to?

A

A diet lacking certain nutrients or containing excessive amounts of unhealthy components.

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13
Q

Who coined the term ‘Nutraceutical’ and in what year?

A

Dr. Stephen DeFelice in 1989.

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14
Q

What are some potential benefits of carotenoids?

A
  • Anti-aging
  • Antioxidant properties
  • Protection against certain cancers
  • Eye health
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15
Q

What is the recommended daily limit for EPA and DHA combined from dietary supplements according to the US-FDA?

A

5 g/day

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16
Q

What are the main sources of Omega-3 fatty acids?

A
  • Fish
  • Flaxseed
  • Fish oil supplements
17
Q

What health risks can a poor diet contribute to?

A
  • Heart disease
  • Stroke
  • Type 2 diabetes
18
Q

What are common side effects of taking omega-3 supplements?

A
  • Unpleasant taste
  • Bad breath
  • Heartburn
  • Nausea
  • Stomach discomfort
  • Diarrhea
  • Headache
  • Smelly sweat
19
Q

What is the significance of Hippocrates’ statement, ‘Let food be your medicine, and medicine be your food’?

A

It emphasizes the importance of nutrition in health and disease management.

20
Q

What challenges exist in the regulation of dietary supplements?

A
  • Difference in regulatory definitions between countries
  • Safety and quality control issues