C Flashcards
(124 cards)
1
Q
What is a vertical turbine pump designed to be installed underground called?
A
Deepwell pump
2
Q
What type of pump is a horizontal split case pump?
A
Horizontal split case pump
3
Q
An underground formation that contains sufficient saturated permeable material to yield significant quantities of water is called an _____
A
Aquifer
4
Q
What is a timber, concrete or masonry enclosure having a screened inlet kept partially filled with water called?
A
Wet pit
5
Q
Water which is available from well, driven into water bearing subsurface strata is known as _____
A
Ground water
6
Q
What imparts velocity to the liquid, resulting from centrifugal force as the impeller is rotated?
A
Impeller
7
Q
A means of throttling the leakage which would otherwise occur at the point of entry of the shaft into the casing is called _____
A
Stuffing box
8
Q
What protects the shaft where it passes through the stuffing box?
A
Shaft sleeve
9
Q
The ratio of the actual vapor density to the vapor density at saturation is known as _____
A
Relative humidity
10
Q
An expression of the mass of water vapor per unit mass of dry air is called _____
A
Humidity ratio
11
Q
Which of the following is equivalent to 1lb?
A
7000 grains
12
Q
The bypass factor for large commercial units is typically around _____
A
30%
13
Q
Sometimes called specific humidity, this term refers to _____
A
Absolute humidity
14
Q
The humidity ratio is a function of the _____ for any given barometric pressure.
A
Dew point temperature
15
Q
As the barometric pressure increases, the humidity ratio corresponding to any given dew point temperature _____
A
Increases
16
Q
The ratio of the mass of water vapor in the air per unit mass of dry air to the mass of water vapor required for saturation is known as _____
A
Saturation ratio
17
Q
A closed channel excavated through an obstruction such as a ridge of higher land is called a _____
A
Tunnel
18
Q
The small reservoir that helps reduce pressure swings in a system is known as a _____
A
Pressure tank
19
Q
The regulation of water in a relatively small pond or reservoir at the plant is called _____
A
Pondage
20
Q
A structure used to relieve the reservoir of excess water is called a _____
A
Spillway
21
Q
The fluid pressure difference created by a column of heated gas is known as _____
A
Natural draft
22
Q
The pressure rise created in a gas loop by means of a fan is called _____
A
Forced draft
23
Q
Also known as Francis turbines, these turbines are referred to as _____
A
Reaction turbines
24
Q
The turbine, draft tube, and all related parts comprise what is known as a _____
A
Powerhouse
25
When a forbay is not part of the generating plant’s design, it is desirable to provide a _____ to relieve rapid changes in flowrate.
Surge chamber
26
To keep the deflected jet out of the way of the incoming jet, the actual angle is limited to approximately _____
165 degrees
27
The minimum fluid energy required at the pump inlet for satisfactory operation is known as _____
NPSHR
28
Throttling the input line to a pump and venting or evacuating the receiving tank _____ cavitation.
Both increase
29
Traditional reciprocating pumps can be either single-acting or double-acting and are suitable up to approximately _____
2000 psi
30
In a sensible heating process, the final humidity ratio is _____
The same
31
In an adiabatic saturation process, the final relative humidity is _____
Increased
32
Cooling and dehumidifying process is commonly used for _____
Summer air conditioning
33
An adiabatic saturation process is also known as _____
Cooling and dehumidifying
34
Which refrigeration cycle is unsuitable for home and autocooling due to bulky and toxic fluids?
Absorption cycle
35
Which refrigeration cycle is practical when large quantities of waste heat energy are available?
Heat driven refrigeration cycle
36
The process of simultaneous heating and dehumidifying is known as _____
Chemical dehumidifying
37
The process of increasing the dry-bulb temperature without changing the humidity ratio is known as _____
Sensible heating
38
The process of simultaneous cooling and decreasing of humidity ratio is known as _____
Cooling and dehumidifying
39
The process of cooling without changing the humidity ratio is known as _____
Sensible cooling
40
The process of simultaneous heating and humidifying ratio is known as _____
Heating and humidifying
41
A product of computer-aided manufacturing and precision machining introduced in the late 1980s as replacements for reciprocating compressors is _____
Scroll compressors
42
Condensers used in small to medium sized refrigerators are typically _____
Air-cooled condensers
43
For efficient operation, the condensing temperature should not be lower than _____
5 C
44
For efficient operation, the condensing temperature should not be more than _____
17 C
45
An evaporator in a refrigeration unit makes use of which heat transfer modes?
All of the above
46
Energy added to a vapor is known as _____
Latent heat of vaporization
47
The vaporization process that occurs at temperature below the triple point of a substance is called _____
Sublimation
48
As the pressure increases, the amount of work it can do _____
Increases
49
During the compression process, the internal energy of the refrigerant vapor _____
Increases
50
The measure of the amount of thermal energy transfer occurring within the evaporator per unit mass is known as _____
Refrigeration effect
51
The peak power that can be produced on an occasional basis is called _____
Intermittent rating
52
A value of a property that includes the effect of friction is known as _____
Brake value
53
Forced draft fans are run at relatively high speeds in the range of _____
1200 to 1800 rpm
54
Chimneys that rely on natural draft are sometimes referred to as _____
Gravity chimney
55
In realistic problems, the achievable stack effect should be considered to be _____
80% of the ideal
56
In a balanced system, the available draft is _____
Zero
57
A device used for atomizing or cracking fuel oil is called _____
Atomizer
58
The device that transfers thermal energy from one fluid to another is called _____
Heat exchanger
59
An underground system of hot water and/or steam is known as _____
Geothermal resource
60
The process of returning spent geothermal fluids to the subsurface is called _____
Injection
61
The simultaneous demand of all customers at any specified point in an electric power system is called _____
Load
62
Electricity generating plants operated to meet the peak load are called _____
Peaking plants
63
The capacity of a substance to transmit a fluid is called _____
Permeability
64
The ratio of the aggregate volume pore spaces in rock or soil to its total volume is known as _____
Porosity
65
Cooling efficiency is typically _____
50 to 70%
66
Forced draft towers can cool the water to within _____
5 to 6 F
67
The higher the wet bulb temperatures, the _____ the efficiency.
Lower
68
Define the relative difficulty in cooling, essentially the relative amount of contact area or fill volume required.
Rating factor
69
Evaporation loss can be calculated from the humidity ratio increase and is approximately _____
0.18% per C
70
Water lost in small droplets carried away by the air flow is known as _____
Drift
71
The ratio of total dissolved solids in the recirculating water to the total dissolved solids in the make-up water is called _____
Ratio of concentration
72
A dry-cooling tower where steam travels through large diameter trunks is known as _____
Direct condensing tower
73
The actual fluid energy at the inlet is known as _____
NPSHA
74
Traditional reciprocating pumps with pistons can be either single-acting or double-acting and are suitable up to approximately _____
2000 psi
75
Plunger pumps are only single-acting and are suitable up to approximately _____
10,000 psi
76
The ratio of the actual to the ideal heat transfer coefficient is known as _____
Cleanliness factor
77
The ratio of the maximum to minimum mass steam flow rates at which the temperature can be accurately contained is known as _____
Turndown ratio
78
With a reversible regenerator, the thermal efficiency of the Ericsson cycle is _____ to that of the Carnot cycle.
Equal
79
The electromagnetic radiation emitted from the daughter nucleus when an alpha particle leaves the parent atom is called _____
Gamma ray
80
Which of the following is a scheme for energy storage?
All of the above
81
A reactor that employs fast or high energy neutrons and contains no moderator is called a _____
Fast reactor
82
A reactor that utilizes slow moving neutrons is known as a _____
Thermal reactor
83
The water bearing stratum of permeable sand, rock, or gravel is called an _____
Aquifer
84
Electricity generating units operated to meet the constant load on the system are called _____
Baseload plants
85
The effectiveness of a body as a thermal radiator at a given temperature is known as _____
Emissivity
86
What are the main components in a combined cycle power plant?
Gas engine and waste heat boiler
87
The size of a steam reciprocating pump is generally designed by a three-digit number. The first digit designates _____
Inside diameter of the steam cylinder measured in inches
88
The power required to deliver a given quantity of fluid against a given head with no losses in the pump is called _____
Hydraulic power
89
Fluids that are pumped in processing work are frequently more viscous than _____
Water
90
What is the power required to deliver a given quantity of fluid against a given head with no losses in the pump called?
Hydraulic power
## Footnote
Hydraulic power is the ideal power calculated without accounting for any losses.
91
The law that states 'Entropy of all perfect crystalline solids is zero at absolute zero temperature' is known as?
Third law of thermodynamics
## Footnote
This law addresses the behavior of entropy at absolute zero.
92
An expression of the mass of water vapor per unit mass of dry air is called?
Humidity ratio
## Footnote
Humidity ratio is a crucial concept in thermodynamics and environmental science.
93
Which of the following types of air dryers works by absorbing moisture on a solid desiccant?
Regenerative dryer
## Footnote
Regenerative dryers utilize desiccants for moisture removal.
94
The maximum possible work that can be obtained from a cycle operating between two reservoirs is found from?
Carnot efficiency
## Footnote
Carnot efficiency represents the upper limit of efficiency for heat engines.
95
A temperature above which a given gas cannot be liquefied is called?
Critical temperature
## Footnote
Critical temperature is a key concept in thermodynamics regarding phase changes.
96
The device that takes advantage of the relatively constant temperature of the Earth’s interior for heating and cooling is called?
Geothermal heat pumps
## Footnote
These pumps utilize geothermal energy for efficient heating and cooling.
97
What is the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of one pound of water one degree Fahrenheit at standard conditions?
Btu
## Footnote
A British thermal unit (Btu) is a standard measurement of heat energy.
98
Which of the following is a reversed Rankine vapor cycle?
Vapor refrigeration cycle
## Footnote
The vapor refrigeration cycle is commonly used in cooling applications.
99
The temperature at which the water vapor in the air begins to condense is called?
Dew point
## Footnote
The dew point is crucial for understanding humidity and condensation.
100
Which of the following turbines are centrifugal pumps operating in reverse?
Reaction turbines
## Footnote
Reaction turbines convert fluid energy into mechanical work.
101
The relationship of water vapor in the air at the dew point temperature to the amount that should be in the air if saturated is called?
Relative humidity
## Footnote
Relative humidity is expressed as a percentage of saturation.
102
What is the measure of hotness or coldness of the body?
Temperature
## Footnote
Temperature is a fundamental physical quantity in thermodynamics.
103
The spontaneous vaporization of the fluid, resulting in a degradation of pump performance, is known as?
Cavitation
## Footnote
Cavitation can cause significant damage to pumps and turbines.
104
The measure of the relationship between the dry bulb and dew point temperature of the air is called?
Wet bulb temperature
## Footnote
Wet bulb temperature is essential for calculating humidity and cooling efficiency.
105
In a typical hydroelectric generating plant using reaction turbines, the turbine is generally housed in a?
Powerhouse
## Footnote
The powerhouse contains the turbines and generators for energy conversion.
106
What is the maximum speed of the turbine under no governing action called?
Runaway speed
## Footnote
Runaway speed is a critical safety parameter in turbine operation.
107
Which of the following is an advantage of hydro-plants?
Hydro plants provide ancillary benefits like irrigation, flood control, aquaculture navigation etc.
## Footnote
These benefits enhance the overall utility of hydroelectric projects.
108
A boiler operated at pressure not exceeding 1.055kg/cm2 gage steam is classified as?
Low pressure heating boiler
## Footnote
Low pressure boilers are commonly used for heating applications.
109
The steam produced when the pressure on a geothermal liquid is reduced is called?
Flashed steam
## Footnote
Flashed steam is used in geothermal energy production.
110
The vent or hole in the Earth's surface from which gaseous vapors or hot gases issue is called?
Fumaroles
## Footnote
Fumaroles are indicators of volcanic activity and geothermal energy.
111
The amount by which the wet bulb temperature is reduced below the dry bulb temperature depends on the relative humidity of the air and is called?
Wet bulb depression
## Footnote
Wet bulb depression is significant for understanding evaporative cooling.
112
The device which automatically governs or controls the speed of an engine is called?
Governors
## Footnote
Governors are essential for maintaining engine speed in various applications.
113
The mass flow rate produced by the compressor is?
Equal to the mass of the suction vapor that the compressor takes in at the suction inlet per unit time
## Footnote
This principle is crucial for understanding compressor performance.
114
What is the index of the total heat (enthalpy) of the air called?
Wet bulb temperature
## Footnote
The wet bulb temperature is an important measure in thermodynamics related to humidity and heat content of air.
115
What is the channel that leads water to a turbine called?
Penstock
## Footnote
A penstock is a pipe or conduit that transports water to a turbine for power generation.
116
Sometimes called percentage humidity, what is another term for it?
Relative humidity
## Footnote
Relative humidity is the ratio of the current amount of moisture in the air to the maximum amount of moisture the air can hold at that temperature.
117
When measuring the _______ of air, the bulb of the thermometer should be shaded to reduce the effect of direct radiation.
Dry bulb temperature
118
What is an ordinary thermometer whose bulb is enclosed in a wetted cloth sac or wick called?
Wet bulb thermometer
## Footnote
The wet bulb thermometer is used to measure humidity and is essential in calculating wet bulb temperature.
119
The sensible heat of the air is a function of the _______.
Dry bulb temperature
120
The latent heat of the air is a function of the _______.
Dewpoint temperature
121
The total heat of air is a function of the _______.
Wet bulb temperature
122
What type of pump has its suction nozzle on the opposite side casing from the stuffing box and has the face of the suction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the shaft?
End suction pump
## Footnote
End suction pumps are commonly used in various applications for their efficient design.
123
What type of pump is described as having one or more impellers discharging into one or more bowls with a vertical educator or column pipe?
Vertical shaft turbine pump
## Footnote
Vertical shaft turbine pumps are used for deep well applications and can lift water from significant depths.
124
What type of pump takes suction from a public service main or private use water system to increase effective water pressure?
Booster pump
## Footnote
Booster pumps are essential in water supply systems to ensure adequate pressure for distribution.
