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C1 Flashcards

(16 cards)

1
Q

What are particles?

A

A particle is a tiny bit of matter

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2
Q

What is the particle model?

A

The particle model describes how particles are arranged and how they move in solids, liquids and gases

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3
Q

Arrangement of particles in a solid?

A

Regular

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4
Q

Movement of particles in a solid?

A

Vibrate about

Fixed positions

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5
Q

Main movements in a gas?

A

Move quickly in all directions

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6
Q

What is a chemical change?

A

A change that produces one or more new substances.

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7
Q

What is a physical change?

A

Happens when a substance changes state or shape, or breaks into pieces.

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8
Q

What are atoms?

A

The smallest particles that make up a substance

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9
Q

How to calculate the ratio of distance to diameter?

A

Distance between atoms
————————————-
Diameter of atom

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10
Q

What are the limitations of doing the particle model?

A

The force between particles
The size of particles
The space between particles

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11
Q

Describe the difference between a physical change and a chemical change?

A

When a physical change occurs , there are no new substances made. During a chemical change, the atoms rearrange themselves to form new products.

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12
Q

Describe the differences between liquid and solids in terms of the movement of particles?

A

Particles in liquids are constantly moving with a random motion, whereas particles in solids vibrate around fixed positions.

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13
Q

State the two subatomic particles which form the nucleus and use their charges to explain whether the overall change of the nucleus is positive , negative or neutral.

A

Neutrons and protons.

Neutrons have no charge and protons are positively charged, so the nucleus has an overall positive charge.

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14
Q

Explain how the movement of electrons determines the atomic radius of an atom?

A

Electrons move around the nucleus in electron shells.
These electron shells cover a lot of space
The volume of these shells determine the size of the atom , and si the atomic radius.

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15
Q

What does the atomic number of carbon-12 show?

A

The atomic number shows that carbon has 6 protons.

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16
Q

Describe what happens to an atom when it turns into a negative ion.

A

The atom gains one or more electrons