C1 - Atomic Structure

Question 1

What are the horizontal rows in the periodic table called?

Answer 1

Periods

Question 2

What are the vertical rows called in the periodic table?

Answer 2

Columns

Question 3

What are group 0 called?

Answer 3

Noble Gases

Question 4

What is group 1 called?

Answer 4

Alkali Metals

Question 5

What is group 2 called?

Answer 5

Alkaline Earth Metals

Question 6

What are the block of metals called?

Answer 6

Transition Metals

Question 7

What is group 7 called?

Answer 7

The Halogens

Question 8

What is a element?

Answer 8

An element is the purest substance that contains one kind of atom.

Question 9

What is a compound?

Answer 9

A compound are two or more elements chemically bonded together.

Question 10

What is a mixture?

Answer 10

A compound is two or more elements not chemically joined together.

Question 11

What is the structure of an atom?

Answer 11

It is a nucleus in the middle that is made out of protons and neutrons and is surrounded by a set of electrons.

Question 12

What did John Dalton discover?

Answer 12

Atoms were described as solid spheres.

Question 13

What did JJ Thomson discover?

Answer 13

The Plum Pudding Model - an atom is a ball of charge with electrons scattered.

Question 14

What did Earnest Rutherford discover?

Answer 14

He used the alpha scattering experiment that most of the mass of the atom is in the nucleus and most of the atom is empty space.

Question 15

What did Niels Bohr discover?

Answer 15

Electrons are in a shell orbiting the nucleus.

Question 16

What did James Chadwick discover?

Answer 16

Discovered that there are neutrons in the nucleus.

Question 17

What is the atomic number?

Answer 17

The number of protons and electrons.

Question 18

What is the mass number?

Answer 18

Number of protons + number of neutrons

Question 19

Lithium mass number is 7 and atomic number is 3. What is the number neutrons of lithium?

Answer 19

7 - 3 = 4 neutrons

Question 20

What is an ion?

Answer 20

It is a charged atom (negatively or positively) or group of atoms.

Question 21

16 2-
O
8
Name the number or neutrons protons and electrons?

Answer 21

P = 8
N = 16 - 8 = 8
E = 8 + 2 = 10

Question 22

What is a isotope?

Answer 22

Atoms of the same element but they have different number of neutrons.

Question 23

Why will atoms always have the same number of protons?

Answer 23

Because thats what makes it that specific element.

Question 24

What effect do the electrons have on the atom?

Answer 24

The charge of it.

Question 25

What do neutrons affect?

Answer 25

The mass of the atom.

Question 26

27 3+ Al 13 What is the number of protons electrons and neutrons?

Answer 26

``` P= 13 N= 27-13 = 14 E= 13-3= 10 ```

Question 27

How many electrons can you have in the first shell?

Answer 27

2

Question 28

How many electrons in the 2nd and 3rd shell?

Answer 28

8

Question 29

How electrons in the 4th shell?

Answer 29

The remainder of the electrons.

Question 30

40 Ca 20 What is the electronic structure?

Answer 30

Electrons = 20 | Electronic Structure = 2,8,8,2

Question 31

What controls the reactiveness of the atom?

Answer 31

The number of electrons in the outermost shell.

Question 32

Why do group 1 and 7 want to react together?

Answer 32

Because an atom want to become stable and to do this you must have a full outer shell. Group 1 has one electron in its outer shell and Group 7 has 7 electrons in its outer shell, combined creates a complete 8 electron outer shell.

Question 33

What did the alpha particle experiment prove?

Answer 33

That the positive charge must be concentrated at a tiny spot in the centre of the atom (nucleus) because the large positive particles fired at the foil could never be repelled back toward their source.