C1/Atomic Structure and Periodic Table

Question 1

all substances are made of what?

Answer 1

atoms

Question 2

true or false?

an atom is the smallest part of an element that can exist

Answer 2

true

Question 3

atoms of each element are represented by what?

Answer 3

a chemical symbol

Question 4

approximately how many different elements are found in the periodic table?

Answer 4

100

Question 5

how are compounds formed?

Answer 5

from elements in chemical reactions

Question 6

true or false?
chemical reactions always involve the formation of one or more new substances, and often involve a detectable energychange

Answer 6

true

Question 7

a mixture consists of what?

Answer 7

two or more elements or compounds not chemically combined together

Question 8

what is a compound?

Answer 8

two or more elements chemically combined in fixed proportions

Question 9

compounds can only be separated by what?

Answer 9

chemical reations

Question 10

in a mixture the chemical properties of each substance in the mixture remain what?

Answer 10

unchanged

Question 11

name five ways mixtures can be separated by physical processes

Answer 11

filtration
crystallisation
simple distillation
fractional distillation
chromotography

Question 12

true or false?

physical processes do involve chemical reactions and new substances are made

Answer 12

false.

physical processes do not involve chemical reactions and no new substances are made

Question 13

new experimental evidence may lead to what?

Answer 13

a scientific model being changed or replaced

Question 14

before the discovery of the electron, atoms were thought to be what?

Answer 14

tiny spheres that could not be divided into anything smaller

Question 15

the discovery of the electron led to which model of atom?

Answer 15

the plum pudding model

Question 16

the plum pudding model suggested that the atom is a ball of positive charge with negative electrons located where?

Answer 16

embedded everywhere in it

Question 17

the results from the alpha particle scattering experiment led to the conclusion that the mass of an atom was concentrated at the centre (nucleus) and that the nucleus was what?

Answer 17

positively charged

Question 18

the nuclear model replaced what?

Answer 18

the plum pudding model

Question 19

Niels Bohr adapted the nuclear model by suggesting that electrons orbit the nucleus in what?

Answer 19

shells

Question 20

later experiments led to the idea of which particle?

Answer 20

the positively charged proton

Question 21

the experimental work of James Chadwick provided the evidence to show the existence of which particles within the nucleus?

Answer 21

neutrons

Question 22

protons have what charge?

Answer 22

positive

Question 23

neutrons have what charge?

Answer 23

neutral

Question 24

electrons have what charge?

Answer 24

negative

Question 25

in an atom, the number of electrons is equal to the number of what?

Answer 25

protons

Question 26

what is the charge of an atom?

Answer 26

zero

Question 27

what is the atomic number?

Answer 27

the number of protons

Question 28

how big are atoms?

Answer 28

they are very small

Question 29

approximately how big is the radius of an atom?

Answer 29

0.1nm (1x10-10m)

Question 30

where is the most mass of an atom?

Answer 30

in the nucleus

Question 31

the relative mass of a proton is what?

Answer 31

1

Question 32

the relative mass of a neutron is what?

Answer 32

1

Question 33

the relative mass of an electron is what?

Answer 33

very small or 0

Question 34

what is the mass number?

Answer 34

the number of protons+neutrons

Question 35

what are the atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons called?

Answer 35

isotopes

Question 36

how are the electrons arranged on each shell?

Answer 36

2:8:8

Question 37

the elements in the periodic table are arranged in order of what?

Answer 37

atomic (proton) number

Question 38

in the periodic table elements with similar properties are in columns known as what?

Answer 38

groups

Question 39

why do elements in the same group have similar chemical properties?

Answer 39

they have the same number of electrons in their outer shell

Question 40

before the discovery of protons, neutrons and electrons, scientists attempted to classify the elements by arranging them in order of what?

Answer 40

their atomic weights

Question 41

true or false? the early periodic tables were incomplete and some elements were placed in inappropriate groups if the strict order of atomic weights was followed

Answer 41

true

Question 42

Mendeleev overcome some of the problems with the early periodic table, what were they?

Answer 42

he left gaps in the periodic table for elements that he thought had not been discovered he changed the order of elements based on atomic weights

Question 43

elements with properties predicted by Mendeleev were what?

Answer 43

discovered and used to fill gaps in his periodic table

Question 44

isotopes are are atoms of the same element with a different number of which particle?

Answer 44

neutrons

Question 45

metals react to form what type of ions?

Answer 45

positive

Question 46

non-metals react to what type of ions?

Answer 46

negative

Question 47

the majority of elements are what?

Answer 47

metals

Question 48

metals are found where in the periodic table?

Answer 48

left and towards the bottom of the periodic table

Question 49

non-metals are found where in the periodic table?

Answer 49

towards the right and top of the periodic table

Question 50

the elements in group 0 of the periodic table are called what?

Answer 50

the noble gases

Question 51

the elements in group 0 are un-reactive and do not easily form molecules because their atoms have what?

Answer 51

a full outer shell of electrons

Question 52

true or false? | the boiling points of the noble gases decrease with increasing relative atomic mass (as you go down the group)

Answer 52

false. | the boiling points of the noble gases increase with increasing relative atomic mass (as you go down the group)

Question 53

the elements in group 1 of the periodic table are known as what?

Answer 53

the alkali metals

Question 54

why do group 1 elements have similar properties?

Answer 54

they have one electron in their outer shell

Question 55

true or false? | in group 1 the reactivity of the elements increase going down the group?

Answer 55

true

Question 56

the elements in group 7 of the periodic table are known as what?

Answer 56

halogens

Question 57

why do group 7 elements have similar properties?

Answer 57

they have seven electrons in their outer shell

Question 58

are the halogen metals or non-metals?

Answer 58

non-metals

Question 59

the halogens are molecules that have how many atoms?

Answer 59

they exist as pairs of atoms

Question 60

as you go down group 7 name three things that increase?

Answer 60

the mass of the element the melting point of the element the boiling point of the element

Question 61

true or false? | as you go down group 7 the reactivity of the elements increases

Answer 61

false. | as you go down group 7 the reactivity of the elements decreases

Question 62

a more reactive halogen can displace what?

Answer 62

a less reactive halogen from its salts

Question 63

the transition elements are found where in the periodic table?

Answer 63

the middle

Question 64

name 6 transitions metals

Answer 64

Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu

Question 65

the properties of the transition metals are different from those of the elements in which group?

Answer 65

group 1

Question 66

many transition elements often form what?

Answer 66

coloured compound

Question 67

many transition elements are often used as what?

Answer 67

catalysts

Question 68

iron is a catalyst in which process?

Answer 68

haber process

Question 69

nickle is a catalyst in which process?

Answer 69

margarine production